Na sklonku dňa - poznámky

POZNÁMKY

(Plný zoznam citátov nájdete na www.wwnorton.com.)

SKRATKY

Add. Mss.——   Additional Manuscripts, British Library, Londýn

AHR——             American Historical Review

Assi 45——        Northern Assize Circuit Depositions, Public Record Office, Londýn

Bargellini, „Vita Notturna“——Piero Bargellini, „La Vita Notturna“, vo Vita Privata a Firenze nei Secoli XIV e XV (Florencia, 1966), 75–89

BC——                British Chronicle (Londýn)

Beattie, Crime—J. M. Beattie, Crime and the Courts in England, 1600–1800 (Princeton, N.J., 1986)

Beck, Diary——David Beck, Spiegel van Mijn Leven; een Haags Daboek uit 1624, ed. Sv. E. Veldhijsen (Hilversum, 1993)

Best, Books——Donald Woodward, ed., The Farming and Memorandum Books of Henry Best of Elmswell, 1642 (Londýn, 1984)

BL——                British Library, Londýn

Bodl.——            Bodleian Library, Oxford

Bourne, Antiquitates Vulgares——Henry Bourne, Antiquitates Vulgares; or, the Antiquities of the Common People ...(Newcastle, Eng., 1725)

Bräker, Life——Ulrich Bräker, The Life Story and Real Adventures of the Poor Man of Toggenburg, prekl. Derek Bowman (Edinburgh, 1970)

Brand 1777——John Brand, Observations on Popular Antiquities ... (New Castle upon Tyne, 1777)

Brand 1848——John Brand et al., Observations on the Popular Antiquities of Great Britain . . . , 3 diely (Londýn, 1848)

Breton, Works—Alexander B. Grosart, ed., The Works in Verse and Prose of Nicholas Breton . . . , 2 diely (1879; rpt. edn., New York, 1966)

Burke, Popular Peter Burke, Popular Culture in Early Modern Europe (Londýn, 1978)Culture

Burt, Letters——Edward Burt, Letters from a Gentleman in the North of Scotland to His Friend in London . . . , 2 diely (Londýn, 1754)

Cannon, Diary—Memoirs of the Birth, Education, Life, and Death of Mr. John Cannon, 1684–1742, Somerset Archaeological and Natural History Society, Taunton, Anglicko

Carter, Diary——Jack P. Greene, ed., The Diary of Colonel Landon Carter of Sabine Hall, 1752–1778, 2 diely (Charlottesville, Va., 1965)

Clegg, Diary——Vanessa S. Doe, ed., The Diary of James Clegg of Chapel en le Frith, 1708–1755, 2 diely (Matlock, Angl., 1978)

Cohens, Italy——Elizabeth Storr Cohen and Thomas V. Cohen, Daily Life in Renaissance Italy (Westport, Ct., 2001)

Cole, Diary——Francis Griffin Stokes, ed., The Blecheley Diary of the Rev. William Cole ... 1765–67 (Londýn, 1931)

Cowper, Diary——Denník madam Sarah Cowper, Hertfordshire County Record Office, Hertford, Anglicko

Crusius, NocteJacobus Andreas Crusius, De Nocte et Nocturnis Officiis, Tam Sacris, Quam Prophanis, Lucubrationes Historico-Philologico-Juridicae (Bremen, 1660)

Defoe, Tour——Daniel Defoe, A Tour thro’ the Whole Island of Great Britian . . . , 2diely (1724–1726; rpt. edn., Londýn, 1968)

Dekker, Writings——Thomas Dekker, The Wonderful Year [Etc] and Selected Writings, ed. E. D. Pendry (Cambridge, Mass., 1968)

Dietz, Surgeon——Master Johann Dietz, Surgeon in the Army of the Great Elector and Barber to the Royal Court: From the Old Manuscripts in the Royal Library in Berlin, prekl. B. Miall (Londýn, 1923)

Drinker, Diary——Elaine Forman Crane et al., eds., Denník Elizabeth Drinker, 3 diely (Boston, 1991)

DUR——Daily Universal Register (Londýn)

Dyer, Diary——Denník Williama Dyera, 2 diely, Bristol Central Library, Bristol

East Anglian Diaries——Matthew Storey, ed., Two East Anglian Diaries, 1641–1729: Isaac Archer and William Coe (Woodbridge, Angl., 1994)

ECR——George Francis Dow, ed., Records and Files of the Quarterly Courts of Essex County, Massachusetts, 8 dielov (Salem, Mass., 1911–1921)

Evelyn, Diary——Esmond Samuel De Beer, ed., Denník Johna Evelyna, 6 dielov (Oxford, 1951)

F. Platter, Journal——Seán Jennett, ed. a prekl., Beloved Son Felix: The Journal of Felix Platter, a Medical Student in Montpellier in the Sixteenth Century (Londýn, 1962)

Falkus, „Lighting“——Malcolm Falkus, „Lighting in the Dark Ages of English Economic History: Town Streets before the Industrial Revolution“, v ed. D. C. Coleman a A. H. John, Trade, Government, and Economy in Pre-Industrial England: Essays Presented to F. J. Fisher (Londýn, 1976), 248–273

Flaherty, Privacy——David H. Flaherty, Privacy in Colonial New England (Charlottesville, Va., 1972)

FLEMT——David I. Kertzer and Marzio Barbagli, eds., Family Life in Early Modern Times, diel 1 z The History of the European Family (New Haven, 2001)

G and LDA——Gazetteer and London Daily Advertiser

G and NDA——Gazetteer and New Daily Advertiser (Londýn)

Garnert, Lampan——an Garnert, Anden i Lampan: Etnologiska Perspektiv på ljus Och Mörker (Štokholm, 1993)

GM——Gentleman’s Magazine (Londýn)

Griffiths, Youth——Paul Griffiths, Youth and Authority: Formative Experiences in England, 1560–1640 (Oxford, 1987)

Grose, Dictionary——Francis Grose, A Classical Dictionary of the Vulgar Tongue (Londýn, 1785)

Harrison, Description——William Harrison, The Description of England, ed. Georges Edelen (Ithaca, N.Y., 1968)

Heywood, Diaries——J. Horsfull Turner, ed., The Rev. Oliver Heywood, B.A., 1630–1702; His Autobiography, Diaries, Anecdote and Event Books . . . , 4 diely (Brighouse, Angl., 1882)

HMM and GA——Harrop’s Manchester Mercury and General Advertiser

HPL II——Georges Duby, ed., Revelations of the Medieval World, prekl. Arthur Goldhammer, diel 2 z Philippe Ariès and George Duby, eds., History of Private Life (Cambridge, Mass., 1988)

HPL III——Roger Chartier, ed., Passions of the Renaissance, prekl. Arthur Goldhammer, diel 3 z Philippe Ariès and Georges Duby, eds., History of Private Life (Cambridge, Mass., 1989)

HWW III——Natalie Zemon Davis and Arlette Farge, eds., Renaissance and Englightened Paradoxes, diel 3 z Georges Duby and Michelle Perrot, eds., A History of Women in the West (Cambridge, Mass., 1993)

Isham, Diary——Norman Marlow, ed., The Diary of Thomas Isham of Lamport (1658–81) ... (Farnborough, Angl., 1971)

Janekovick-Römer, „Dubrovniks“ Zdenka Janekovick-Römer, ‘Post Tertiam Campanam’: Das Nachtleben Dubrovniks im Mittelalter“, Historische Anthropologie 3 (1995), 100–111

JIH——Journal of Interdisciplinary History

Josselin, Diary——Alan Macfarlane, ed., Denník Ralpha Josselina (Londýn, 1976)

JRAI——John Cameron a John Imrie, eds., The Justiciary Records of Argyll and the Isles, 1664–1742, 2 diely (Edinburgh, 1949, 1969)

JSH——Journal of Social History

JUH——Journal of Urban History

Jütte, Poverty——Robert Jütte, Poverty and Deviance in Early Modern Europe (Cambridge, 1994)

Kay, Diary——W. Brockbank a F. Kenworthy, eds., The Diary of Richard Kay, 1716–51 of Baldingstone, Neary Bury: A Lancashire Doctor (Manchester, 1968)

Koslofsky, „Court Culture“——Craig Koslofsky, „Court Culture and Street Lighting in Seventeenth-Century Europe“, Journal of Urban History 28 (2002), 743–768

Lavater, Spirites——Lewes Lavater, Of Ghostes and Spirites Walking by Nyght, 1572, ed. John Wilson Dover a May Yardley (1572; rpt. ed., Oxford, 1929)

LC——London Chronicle

LDA——London Daily Advertiser

Lean, Collectanea——Vincent Stuckey Lean, Lean’s Collectanea ... , 4 diely (Bristol, 1902–1904)

Legg, Low-Life——Thomas Legg, Low-life or One Half of the World, Knows not How the Other Half Live ... (Londýn, 1750)

Le Loyer, Specters Pierre Le Loyer, A Treatise of Specters of Straunge Sights, Visions, and Apparitions ... (Londýn, 1605)

LEP——Lloyd’s Evening Post (Londýn)

LE-P——London Evening-Post

Lewis, Diary——Denník Johna Lewisa, 1718–1760, Bodleian Library, Oxford, MS. Eng. misc. f. 10

LM——Leeds Mercury

Lottin, Chavatte——Alain Lottin, Chavatte, Ouvrier Lillois: Un Contemporain de Louis XIV (Paríž, 1979)

Lowe, Diary——W. L. Sachse, ed., The Diary of Roger Lowe (New Haven, 1938)

Matthiessen, Natten——Hugo Matthiessen, Natten: Stuier I Gammelt Byliv ([Kodaň], 1914)

Ménétra, Journal——Jacques-Louis Ménétra, Journal of My Life, ed. Daniel Roche, prekl. Arthur Goldhammer (New York, 1986)

Moryson, Itinerary——Fynes Moryson, An Itinerary Containing His Ten Yeeres Travell . . . , 4 diely (Glasgow, 1907)

Moryson, Unpublished Itinerary——Charles Hughes, ed., Shakespeare’s Europe: A Survey of the Condition of Europe at the End of the 16th Century, being Unpublished Chapters of Fynes Moryson’s Itinerary (1617) . . . (New York, 1967)

Muchembled, Violence——Robert Muchembled, La Violence au Village: Sociabilitié et Comportements Populaires en Artois du XVe au XVIIe Siècle (Turnhout, Francúzsko, 1989)

Nashe, Works——Ronald B. McKerrow, ed., The Works of Thomas Nashe, 5 vols. (Oxford, 1958)

NHCR I——Charles J. Hoadly, ed., Records of the Colony and Plantation of New Haven, 1638–1649 (Hartford, Ct., 1857)

NHCR II——Charles J. Hoadley, ed., Records of the Colony or Jurisdiction of New Haven, 1653 to the Union (1663) (Hartford, Ct., 1858)

NHTR——Franklin Bowditch Dexter and Zara Jones Powers, eds., New Haven Town Records, 3 vols. (New Haven, 1917–1962)

NYWJ——New York Weekly Journal

O’Dea, Lighting——William T. O’Dea, The Social History of Lighting (Londýn, 1958)

OBP——The Proceedings on the King’s Commissions of the Peace, Oyer and Terminer, and Gaol Delivery for the City of London; and also Gaol Delivery for the County of Middlesex, Held at Justice-Hall in the Old Bailey

ODNB——Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (Oxford, 2004)

OED——Oxford English Dictionary, 1st edn. (Oxford, 1888–1928)

PA——Public Advertiser (Londýn)

Parkman, Diary——Francis G. Walett, ed., The Diary of Ebenezer Parkman 1703–1782 (Worcester, Mass., 1974)

Paroimiographia——Paroimiographia: Proverbs, or, Old Savves & Adages, in English (or the Saxon toung) Italian, French, and Spanish, whereunto the British, for Their Great Antiquity and Weight are Added . . . (Londýn, 1659)

Patten, Diary——Denník Matthewa Pattena z Bedfordu, N. H. (Concord, N. H., 1903)

Pepys, Diary——Samuel Pepys, Denník Samuela Pepysa, ed. Robert Latham a William Matthews, 11 dielov (Berkeley, Calif., 1970–1983)

PG——Pennsylvania Gazette (Philadelphia)

Pinkerton, Travels——John Pinkerton, ed., A General Collection of the Best and Most Interesting Voyages and Travels in all Parts of the World ... , 17 dielov (Londýn, 1808–1814)

Pitou, „Coureurs de Nuit“——Frédérique Pitou, „Jeunesse et Désorde Social: Les Coureurs de Nuit á Laval au XVIIIe Siècle“, Revue d’Histoire Moderne et Contemporaine 47 (2000), 69–92

PL——Public Ledger (Londýn)

PL 27——Palatinate of Lancaster Depositions, Public Record Office, Londýn

Pounds, Culture——Norman John Greville Pounds, The Culture of the English People: Iron Age to the Industrial Revolution (Cambridge, 1994)

Pounds, Home——Norman John Greville Pounds, Hearth & Home: A History of Material Culture (Bloomington, Ind., 1989)

PP——Past and Present

RB——William Chappell and J. W. Ebsworth, eds., The Roxburghe Ballads, 9 dielov (1871–1899; rpt. edn., New York, 1966)

Remarks 1717——Remarks on Severall Parts of Flanders, Brabant, France, and Italy in the Yeare 1717, Boldleian Library, Oxford

Ripae, Nocturno Tempore——Polydori Ripae, Tractatus de Nocturno Tempore: In quo Absoluta Criminalium Praxis, Canonicaeq; Materiae, Beneficiorum Praecipuè Continentur. Contractus Etiam, Seruitutes, Judicia Civilia, Vltimae Voluntates ad Susceptam Prouinciam Obseruantur (Benátky, 1602)

Roche, Consumption——Daniel Roche, A History of Everyday Things: The Birth of Consumption in France, 1600–1800, prekl. Brian Pearce (Cambridge, 2000)

Ruff, Violence——Julius R. Ruff, Violence in Early Modern Europe, 1500–1800 (Cambridge, 2001)

Ryder, Diary——William Matthews, ed., Denník Dudleyho Rydera, 1715–1716 (Londýn, 1939)

SAI——William Shaw Mason, comp., A Statistical Account, or Parochial Survey of Ireland, Drawn Up from the Communications of the Clergy, 3 diely (Dublin, 1814–1819)

Sanderson, Diary—Denník Roberta Sandersona, St. John’s College, Cambridge

Sanger, Journal——Lois K. Stabler, ed., Very Poor and of a Lo Make: The Journal of Abner Sanger (Portsmouth, N. H., 1986)

SAS——Sir John Sinclair, ed., The Statistical Account of Scotland: Drawn up from the Communications of the Ministers of the Different Parishes, 21 vols. (Edinburgh, 1791–1799)

Schindler, „Youthful Culture“——Norbert Schindler, „Guardians of Disorder: Rituals of Youthful Culture at the Dawn of the Modern Age“, in Giovanni Levi a Jean-Claude Schmitt, eds., A History of Young People in the West (Cambridge, Mass., 1997), 240–282

Schindler, Rebellion——Norbert Schindler, Rebellion, Community and Custom in Early Modern Germany, prekl. Pamela E. Selwyn (Cambridge, 2002)

Scott, Witchcraft——Reginald Scott, The Discoverie of Witchcraft (Carbondale, Ill., 1964)

Select Trials——Select Trials at the Sessions-House in the Old-Bailey (1742; rpt. edn., New York, 1985)

Sewall, Diary——Milton Halsey Thomas, ed., Denník Samuela Sewalla, 1674–1729, 2 diely (New York, 1973)

SH——Social History

SJC——St. James Chronicle (Londýn)

SWA or LJ——Sussex Weekly-Advertiser: alebo Lewes Journal

Swift, Journal——Jonathan Swift, Journal to Stella, ed. Harold Williams (Oxford, 1948)

SWP——Paul Boyer a Stephen Nissenbaum, eds., The Salem Witchcraft Papers: Verbatim Transcripts of the Legal Documents of the Salem Witchcraft Outbreak of 1692, 3 diely (New York, 1977)

T. Platter, Journal——Seán Jennett, ed. a prekl., Journal of a Younger Brother: The Life of Thomas Platter as a Medical Student in Montpellier at the Close of the Sixteenth Century (Londýn, 1963)

Taillepied, Ghosts——Noël Taillepied, A Treatise of Ghosts ... , prekl. Montague Summers (1933; rpt. edn., Ann Arbor, Mich., 1971)

Thomas, Religion and the Decline of Magic——Keith Thomas, Religion and the Decline of Magic: Studies in Popular Beliefs in Sixteenth and Seventeenth Century England (Londýn, 1971)

Thoresby, Diary——Joseph Hunter, ed., Denník Ralpha Thoresbyho, 2 diely. (Londýn, 1830)

Tilley, Proverbs in England——Morris Palmer Tilley, ed., A Dictionary of the Proverbs in England in the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries . . . (Ann Arbor, Mich., 1966)

Torriano, Proverbi——Giovanni Torriano, Piazza Universale Di Proverbi Italiani: or, a Common Place of Italian Proverbs (Londýn, 1666)

Torrington, Diaries——John Byng, 5th Viscount Torrington, The Torrington Diaries ... , ed. C. Bryan Andrews, 4 diely (New York, 1935)

Turner, Diary——David Vaisey, ed., Denník Thomasa Turnera 1754–1765 (Oxford, 1985)

UM——Universal Magazine

US and WJ——Universal Spectator, and Weekly Journal (Londýn)

Verdon, Night——Jean Verdon, Night in the Middle Ages, prekl. George Holoch (Notre Dame, Ind., 2002)

VG——Virginia Gazette (Williamsburg)

Watts, Works——George Burder, comp., The Works of the Reverend and Learned Isaac Watts . . . , 6 dielov (Londýn, 1810)

Weinsberg, Denník——K. Höhlbaum et al., eds., Das Buch Weinsberg, Kölner Denkwürdigkeiten aus dem 16. Jahrhundert, 5 dielov (Leipzig-Bonn, 1886–1926)

Wilson, English Proverbs——F. P. Wilson, ed., The Oxford Dictionary of English Proverbs (Oxford, 1970)

WJ——Weekly Journal (Londýn)

WMQ——William and Mary Quarterly

Wood, Life——Andrew Clark, comp., The Life and Times of Anthony Wood, Antiquary, of Oxford, 1632–1695 ... , 5 dielov (Oxford, 1891–1900)

Woodforde, Diary——John E. Beresford, ed., Denník farára, 5 dielov (Londýn, 1924–1931)

WR or UJ——Weekly Register, or, Universal Journal (Londýn)

York Depositions——Depositions from the Castle of York, Relating to Offences Committed in the Northern Counties in the Seventeenth Century (Londýn, 1861)

PREDSLOV

1. Tryon, Wisdom’s Dictates: Or, Aphorisms & Rules . . . (Londýn, 1691), 68.

2. Middleton, A Mad World, ... (Londýn, 1608); Rousseau, Emile: or On Education, prekl. Allan Bloom (New York, 1979), 133. George Steiner ako jeden z prvých v moderných pamätiach spomína nedostatok pozornosti venovaný noci, keď v roku 1978 uvádza: „Množstvo ľudí prežilo veľkú časť svojich životov v rôznych odtieňoch tmy medzi západom slnka a ránom – je to fakt, ktorí sociálni historici väčšinou neuvádzajú.“ (A Reader [New York, 1984], 351). Skutočne, predmet noci je naďalej na každej úrovni historických štúdií prehliadaný, a to od prieskumov západnej kultúry až po akademické monografie. Najlepšie ju opísal Matthiessen, Natten, napriek danému veku a záhadnosti. K ostatným patria Maurice Bouteloup, „Le Travail de Nuit dans la Boulangerie“ (Ph.D. diss., Université de Paris, 1909); A. Voisin, „Notes sur la Vie Urbaine au XV. Siècle: Dijon la Nuit“, Annales de Bourgogne 9 (1937), 265–279; Bargellini, „Vita Notturna“. Neskôr sa učenci začali zaoberať vybranými aspektami nočného života, ale noc ako celok v podobe širokého sociálneho alebo kultúrneho ponímania zostala neprebádaná. Pozri Elisabeth Pavan, „Recherches sur la Nuit Vénitienne à la Fin du Moyen Age“, Journal of Medieval History 7 (1981), 339–356; Peter Reinhart Gleichmann, „Nacht und Zivilisation“, v Soziologie: Entdeckungen im Alltäghchen (Frankfurt, 1983) Martina Caethge a Wolfganga Essbacha, 174–194; Silvia Mantini, „Per un’Immagine Della Notte fra Tercento e Quattrocento“, Archivio Storico Italino 4 (1985), 565–594; Wolfgang Schivelbusch, Disenchanted Night: The Industrialization of Light in the Nineteenth Century, prekl. Angela Davies (Berkeley, Calif., 1988); Corinne Walker, „Esquisse Pour une Histoire de la Vie Nocturne: Genéve au XVIIIe Siècle, Revue du Vieux Genève 19 (1989), 73–85; Piero Camporesi, Bread of Dreams: Food and Fantasy in Early Modern Europe, prekl. David Gentilcore (Chicago, 1989), 92–102; Robert Muchembled, „La Violence et la Nuit sous l’Ancien Régime“, Ethnologie Francaise 21 (1991), 237–242; Mario Sbriccoli, ed., La Notte: Ordine, Sicurezza e Disciplinamento in Età Moderna (Florencia, 1991); Janekovick-Römer, „Dubrovniks“; Joachim Schlör, Nights in the Big City: Paris, Berlin, London 1840–1930, prekl. Pierre Gottfried Imhof a Dafydd Rees Roberts (Londýn, 1998); Paul Griffiths „Meanings of Nightwalking in Early Modern England“, Seventeenth Century 13 (1998), 212–238; Bryan D. Palmer, Cultures of Darkness: Night Travels in the Histories of Transgression (New York, 2000); Pitou, „Coureurs de Nuit“; Schindler, „Youthful Culture“; Verdon, Night; Schindler, Rebellion; Koslofsky, „Court Culture“.

3. G. C. Faber, ed., The Poetical Works of John Gay ... (Londýn, 1926), 204; Edward Ward, The Rambling Rakes, or, London Libertines (Londýn, 1700), 58; Christopher Sten, “‘When the Candle Went Out’: The Nighttime World of Huck Finn“, Studies in American Fiction 9 (1981), 49. O „čase“ Biblia vyhlasuje: „Všetko má svoju dobu a čas, každý zámer pod nebom.“ (Ecclesiastes III, 1).

4. Michael McGrath, ed. a prekl., Cinnine Amhiaoibh Ui Shuileabháin: The Diary of Humphrey O’Sullivan, 4 diely, (Londýn, 1936–1937); Émile Guillaumin, The Life of a Simple Man, ed. Eugen Weber, prekl. Margaret Crosland (Hanover, N. H., 1983); Thomas Hardy, Tess of the d’Urbervilles: A Pure Woman (1891; rpt. edn., Londýn, 1993), 18.

5. Eugen Weber, Peasants into Frenchmen: The Modernization of Rural France, 1870–1914 (Stanford, Calif., 1976), 419.

ZATVÁRANIE SA

1. Fletcher and Francis Beaumont, Fifty Comedies and Tragedies (Londýn, 1679), 217.

2. Lorus Johnson Milne and Margery Joan Milne, The World of Night (New York, 1956), 22; Thomas Hardy, The Return of the Native (1880; rpt. edn., Londýn, 1993), 19; 5. nov. 1830, Michael McGrath, ed., Cinnine Amhiaoibh Ui Shuileabháin: The Diary of Humphrey O’Sullivan (Londýn, 1936), II, 355–356; John Florio, comp., Queen Anna’s New World of Words, or Dictionarie of the Italian and English Tongues (Londýn, 1611), 79. Škriekanie sovy sa tradične považovalo za predzvesť smrti. Gilbert White, The Natural History and Antiquities of Selborne (Londýn, 1994), 142–143; Brand 1848, III, 209–210.

3. Shakespeare, The Merchant of Venice, V, 1, 124, and Measure for Measure, IV, 1, 56–57.

PRVÁ ČASŤ

ÚVOD

1. Daniel Boorstin, The Discoverers (New York, 1983), 26.

2. Edmund Burke, A Philosophical Enquiry into the Origins of Our Ideas of the Sublime and Beautiful (1757; rpt. edn., New York, 1971), 272–281; John Locke, An Essay Concerning Human Understanding, ed. Peter H. Nidditch (Oxford, 1975), 397–398.

3. Juliette Favez-Boutonier, L’Angoisse (Paríž, 1945), 134–150.

4. The Iliad, prekl. Robert Fitzgerald (New York, 1992), 338; Kevin Coyne, A Day in the Night of America (New York, 1992), 35; Richard Cavendish, The Powers of Evil in Western Religion, Magic, and Folk Belief (New York, 1975), 88–89; Geoffrey Parrinder, Witchcraft: European and African (Londýn, 1970), 123–124; Norman Cohn, Europe’s Inner Demons: An Enquiry Inspired by the Great Witch-Hunt (New York, 1975), 206–207.

5. Žalmy 23:4; John 1:5; Matthew 27:45; Cavendish, Powers of Evil, 87–91; Ernst Cas-sirer, The Philosophy of Symbolic Forms, prekl. Ralph Manheim (New Haven, 1964), 98–99.

6. Alan Macfarlane, Witchcraft in Tudor and Stuart England: A Regional and Comparative Study (Londýn, 1970), 212; Lucy Mair, Witchcraft (New York, 1969), 42–43; B. Malinowski, „The Natives of Mailu: Preliminary Results of the Robert Mond Research Work in British New Guinea“, in Transactions and Proceedings of the Royal Society of South Australia 39 (1915), 647–648; Parrinder, Witchcraft, 134–146; John Middleton a E. H. Winter, eds., Witchcraft and Sorcery in East Africa (Londýn, 1969), na rôznych miestach.

7. Rolfe Humphries, prekl., The Satires of Juvenal (Bloomington, Ind., 1966), 43–44; Mark J. Bouman, „Luxury and Control: The Urbanity of Street Lighting in Nineteenth-Century Cities“, JUH 14 (1987), 9; Hazel Rossotti, Fire (Oxford, 1993), 59; O’Dea, Lighting, 14–16, 220.

8. Richard M. Dorson, ed., America Begins: Early American Writing (Bloomington, Ind., 1971), 280, 282; Theodore M. Andersson, „The Discovery of Darkness in Northern Literature“, v podaní Roberta B. Burlina a Edwarda B. Irvinga, Jr., eds., Old English Studies in Honour of John C. Pope (Toronto, 1974), 9–12.

PRVÁ KAPITOLA

1. Nashe, Works, I, 345.

2. J. P. Arival, The Historie of this Iron Age: Wherein is Set Down the True State of Europe as It Was in the Year 1500 ... , prekl. B. Harris (Londýn, 1659), 2; George Herbert, Jaculum Prudentium: or Outlandish Proverbs ... (Londýn, 1651), 70; „Quid Tunc“, SJC, Aug. 29, 1767; Honoré de Balzac, The Human Comedy (New York, 1893), II, 6; William G. Naphy and Penny Roberts, eds., Fear in Early Modern Society (Manchester, 1997).

3. Richard Steele, The Husbandmans Calling ... (Londýn, 1670), 270; Shakespeare, Henry V, IV, 0, 4; Shakespeare, The Rape of Lucrece, 764–767; Anthony J. Lewis, „The Dog, Lion, and Wolf in Shakespeare’s Descriptions of Night“, Modern Language Review 66 (1971), 1–11; Anthony Harris, Night’s Black Agents: Witchcraft and Magic in Seventeenth-Century English Drama (Manchester, 1980); Jean-Marie Maguin, La Nuit dans le Théâtre de Shakespeare et de ses Prédécesseurs, 2 diely, (Lille, 1980).

4. John Hayward, Hell’s Everlasting Flames Avoided ... (Londýn, 1712), 30; Shakespeare, Love’s Labour’s Lost, IV, 3, 252; Thomas Granger, The Light of the World... (Londýn, 1616), 29; Piero Camporesi, The Fear of Hell: Images of Damnation and Salvation in Early Modern Europe, prekl. Lucinda Byatt (University Park, Pa., 1991), 42; Nashe, Works, I, 346; John Dryden and Nathaniel Lee, Oedipus (Londýn, 1679), 27; Jean Delumeau, La Peur en Occident, XIVe-XVIIIe Siècles: Une Cité Assiégée (Paríž, 1978), 97; Robert Muchembled, „La Violence et la Nuit sous l’Ancien Régime“, Ethnologie Francaise 21 (1991), 241.

5. Anthony Synnott, „The Eye and the I: A Sociology of Sight“, International Journal of Politics, Culture and Society 5 (1992), 619, 618; Constance Classen, Worlds of Sense: Exploring the Senses in History and Across Cultures (New York, 1993), 58.

6. Maria Bogucka, „Gesture, Ritual, and Social Order in Sixteenth- to Eighteenth-century Poland“, in Jan Bremmer and Herman Roodenburg, eds., A Cultural History of Gesture (Ithaca, N.Y., 1992), 191.

7. Pozri, napr. US WJ, 9. júl 1737.

8. Thomson, The Seasons, ed. James Sambrook (Oxford, 1981), 192.

9. Mill, A Nights Search: Discovering the Nature and Condition of all Sorts of Night Walkers ... (Londýn, 1639); Herberts Devotions . . . (Londýn, 1657), 231; Mark Warr, „Dangerous Situations: Social Context and Fear of Victimization“, Social Forces 68 (1990), 892–894.

10. R. B., „A Serious Address to the Common Council of the City of London“, G and NDA, 16. júl 1768; Thomas Middleton, The Wisdome of Solomon Paraphrased (Londýn, 1597); 18. júl 1709, Cowper, denník. Tiež pozri Henry Chettle, Piers Plainnes Seauen Yeres Prentiship (Londýn, 1595); Shakespeare, Julius Caesar, II, 1, 77.

11. Lavater, Spirites, 10.

12. Richard Jackson, 7. jún, 1656, York Depositions, 74; Heywood, Denníky, III, 187.

13. Mar. 3, 1727, „The Diary of George Booth“, Journal of the Chester and North Wales Architectural Archaeogical and Historic Society, New Ser., 28 (1928), 38; Perpetual and Natural Prognostications ... (Londýn, 1591), 27; T. F. Thiselton-Dyer, Old English Social Life as Told by the Parish Registers (1898; rpt. edn., New York, 1972), 233; Heywood, Diaries, II, 218; Sara Schechner Genuth, Comets, Popular Culture, and the Birth of Modern Cosmology (Princeton, 1997).

14. 1719, Lewis, Denník, 25; 5. jún 1742, „Diary of Rev. Jacob Eliot“, Historical Magazine and Notes and Queries ... , 2nd Ser., 5 (1869), 34.

15. 21. máj 1668, Pepys, Denník, 208; Walter L. Strauss, ed., The German Single-Leaf Woodcut, 1550–1600 (New York, 1975), III, 968–969; T. Platter, Journal, 217; Heywood, Denníky, II, 232; Steven Ozment, Three Behaim Boys Growing up in Early Modern Germany: A Chronicle of Their Lives (New Haven, 1990), 52.

16. M. de Fontenelle, Conversations on the Plurality of Worlds, prekl. H.A. Hargreaves (Berkeley, Calif., 1990), 130; Charles Stevens a John Liebault, Maison Rustique, or, the Countrey Farme, prekl. Richard Surflet (Londýn, 1616), 30; Thomas B. Forbes, „By What Disease or Casualty: The Changing Face of Death in London“, Journal of the History of Medicine and Allied Sciences 31 (1976), 408; Thomas, Religion and the Decline of Magic, 296–297.

17. Niccols, A Winter Night’s Vision ... (Londýn, 1610), 831; Francis T. Havergal, comp., Herefordshire Words & Phrases ... (Walsall, Angl., 1887), 13; Francois Joseph Pahud de Valangin, A Treatise on Diet, or the Management of Human Life ... (Londýn, 1768), 275; High Court of Justiciary, Small Papers, Main Series, JC 26/42–43, na rôznych miestach, Scottish Record Office, Edinburgh; JRAI, na rôznych miestach.

18. Laurent Joubert, The Second Part of the Popular Errors, prekl. Gregory David de Rocher (Tuscaloosa, Ala., 1995), 280–282. Podobnú kritiku pozri The Second Lash of Alazonomastix ... (Londýn, 1655), 234.

19. Owen Feltham, Resolves, a Duple Century (1628; rpt. ed., Amsterdam, 1975), 211. Tiež pozri Denham, The Sophy (Londýn, 1642), 20.

20. Camporesi, Fear of Hell, 13; Thomas Dekker, The Gull’s Hornbook, ed. R.B. McKerrow (New York, 1971), 23; 12. jan. 1706, Cowper, Denník; Caufurd Tait Ramage, Ramage in South Italy ... , ed. Edith Clay (Londýn, 1965), 6; J. Churton Collins, ed., The Plays & Poems of Robert Greene (Oxford, 1905), II, 249; Angelo Celli, The History of Malaria in the Roman Campagna from Ancient Times, ed. Anna Celli-Fraentzel (Londýn, 1933), 130–154.

21. Anglicus, On the Properties of Things, prekl. John Trevisa (Oxford, 1975), I, 540; Thomas Amory, Daily Devotion Assisted and Recommended, in Four Sermons . . . (Londýn, 1772), 15.

22. Leon Kreitzman, The 24 Hour Society (Londýn, 1999), 90–91; Solomon R. Benatar, „Fatal Asthma“, New England Journal of Medicine 314 (1986), 426–427; Sharon A. Sharp, „Biological Rhythms and the Timing of Death“, Omega 12 (1981–1982), 17.

23. Hanway, Domestic Happiness ... Calculated to Render Servants in General Virtuous and Happy 
. . . (Londýn, 1786), 101; Mary J. Dobson, Contours of Death and Disease in Early Modern England (New York, 1997), 247, 252; Pounds, Culture, 239, 245–246.

24. Anna Brzozowska-Krajka, Polish Traditional Folklore: The Magic of Time (Boulder, Colo, 1998), 115.

25. Francis B. Gummere, „On the Symbolic Use of the Colors Black and White in Germanic Tradition“, Haverford College Studies 1 (1889), 116; John Fletcher, The Nightwalker, or the Little Theife (Londýn, 1640); Daniel Defoe, A System of Magick . . . (Londýn, 1727), 380–381; Normal Cohn, Europe’s Inner Demons: An Enquiry Inspired by the Great Witch-Hunt (New York, 1975), 66.

26. C. Scott Dixon, The Reformation and Rural Society: The Parishes of Brandenburg-Ansbach-Kulmbach, 1528–1603 (Cambridge, 1996), 191; Thomas, Religion and the Decline of Magic, 472, 473–477; Nashe, Works, I, 346; George C. Schoolfield, The German Lyric of the Baroque in English Translation (New York, 1966), 199.

27. Nashe, Works, I, 346, 348; Bella Millett and Jocelyn Wogan-Browne, Medieval English Prose for Women: Selections from the Katherine Group and Ancrene Wisse (Oxford, 1990), 91; Jacob Bauthumley, The Light and Dark Sides of God ... (Londýn, 1650), 29.

28. Hale, A Collection of Modern Relations of Matter of Fact, Concerning Witches & Witchcraft ... (Londýn, 1693), 16, 12–13; Thomas, Religion and the Decline of Magic, 472.

29. SAS, XIII, 652; Le Loyer, Specters, fo. 78; 1. júl 1712, Donald F. Bond, ed., The Spectator, (Oxford, 1965), III, 572; Essex People, 1750–1900: From Their Diaries, Memoirs and Letters (Chelmsford, Angl., 1972), 32.

30. Brand 1777, II, 430–431; A View of London and Westminster: or, the Town Spy, etc. (Londýn, 1725), 1–2; Robert Holland, comp., A Glossary of Words Used in the County of Chester (1886; rpt. ed., Vaduz, Liecht, 1965), 182; Brand 1848, II, 507–512; Minor White Latham, The Elizabethan Fairies: The Fairies of Folklore and the Fairies of Shakespeare (1930; rpt. edn., New York, 1972), 219–262.

31. Georgina F. Jackson, comp., Shropshire Word-Book ... (Londýn, 1879), 117; Samuel Butler, Hudibras, the First Part (Londýn, 1663), 19.

32. Mr. Pratt, Gleanings through Wales, Holland, and Westphalia (Londýn, 1798), 142, 136; T. Campbell, Philosophical Survey of the South of Ireland ... (Londýn, 1777), 280; Archaeologia: or Miscellaneous Tracts Relating to Antiquity (Londýn, 1814), 144; R. D. Heslop, comp., Northumberland Words ... (Londýn, 1892), I, 257; Brand 1777, II, 359.

33. A. J. Gurevich, Categories of Medieval Culture, prekl. G. L. Campbell (Londýn, 1985), 107–108; Lewis, denník, 17; Thomas, Religion and the Decline of Magic, 587–606.

34. Thomas Alfred Spalding, Elizabethan Demonology ... (Londýn, 1880), 54; WJ, 5. nov. 1726; John Holloway, ed., The Oxford Book of Local Verses (Oxford, 1987), 215–216; Cannon, Denník, 134; Jean Claude Schmitt, Ghosts in the Middle Ages: The Living and the Dead in Medieval Society (Chicago, 1998), 185; 29. nov 1667, Pepys, denník, VIII, 553; Brand 1777, II, 430.

35. John Carr, The Stranger in Ireland: or, a Tour in the Southern and Western Parts of that Country in the Year 1805 (1806; rpt. edn., Shannon, Ire., 1970), 264–265; Anne Plumptre, A Narrative of a Three Years’ Residence in France ... (Londýn, 1810), III, 179; Craftsman (Londýn), 20. máj 1732; Dietz, Surgeon, 166–167; Pierre Goubert, The Ancien Régime: French Society 1600–1750, prekl. Steve Cox (Londýn, 1973), 280; Caroline Frances Oates, „Trials of Werewolves in the Franche-Comte in the Early Modern Period“ (Ph.D. diss., Univ. of London, 1993); Le Loyer, Specters, fo. 101.

36. Scott, Witchcraft, 29; Geert Mak, Amsterdam, prekl. Philipp Blom (Cambridge, Mass., 2000), 48; E. S. De Beer, ed., The Correspondence of John Locke (Oxford, 1976), 421–422; Francis Grose, A Provincial Glossary (1787; rpt. edn., Menston, Angl., 1968), 17.

37. Saint Basil, Exegetic Homilies, prekl. Sister Agnes Clarke Way (Washington, D.C., 1963), 26; Ellery Leonard, prekl., Beowulf (New York, 1939), 8, 5; Martha Grace Duncan, „In Slime and Darkness: The Metaphor of Filth in Criminal Justice“, Tulane Law Review 68 (1994), 725–801; James Sharpe, Instruments of Darkness: Witchcraft in England, 1550–1750 (New York, 1996), 15; Cavendish, Powers of Evil, 87, 96–97; Cohn, Europe’s Inner Demons, 207–210.

38. Muchembled, „La Nuit sous l’Ancien Régime“, 239–241; Schmitt, Ghosts in the Middle Ages, 177; Thomas, Religion and the Decline of Magic, 455; Harris, Night’s Black Agents, 25–26, 33; Nancy Caciola, „Wraiths, Revenants and Ritual in Medieval Culture“, PP 152 (1996), 3–45; Pierre Jonin, „L’Espace et le Temps de la Nuit dans les Romans de Chrétien de Troyes“, Mélanges de Langue et de Littérature Médiévals Offerts à Alice Planche 48 (1984), 235–246.

39. Cohn, Europe’s Inner Demons, 71–74, 97, 100–101; Lynn A. Martin, Alcohol, Sex, and Gender in Late Medieval and Early Modern Europe (New York, 2001), 79; Thomas, Religion and the Decline of Magic, 454–456.

40. G.R. Quaife, Wanton Wenches and Wayward Wives: Peasants and Illicit Sex in Early Seventeenth Century England (Londýn, 1979), 31; S. Taylor, „Daily Life—and Death—in 17th Century Lamplugh“, Transactions of the Cumberland & Westmorland Antiquarian & Archaeological Society, New Ser. 44 (1945), 138–141; Thomas, Religion and the Decline of Magic, 455–461, 498–499.

41. Cohn, Inner Demons, 105; VG, 19. aug 1737; Christina Larner, Enemies of God: The Witch-Hunt in Scotland (Baltimore, 1981), 22–25; Robin Briggs, „Witchcraft and Popular Mentality in Lorraine, 1580–1630“, in Brian Vickers, ed., Occult and Scientific Mentalities in the Renaissance (Cambridge, 1984), 346–347; Thomas, Religion and the Decline of Magic, 560–569.

42. Jon Butler, „Magic, Astrology, and the Early American Religious Heritage, 1600–1760“, AHR 84 (1979), 322.

43. Scott, Witchcraft, 25; Taillepied, Ghosts, 94.

44. Wilson, English Proverbs, 203.

45. Mrs. Bray, Traditions, Legends, Superstitions, and Sketches of Devonshire ... (Londýn, 1838), I, 168–169; Kingsley Palmer, The Folklore of Somerset (Totowa, N.J., 1976), 23; Taillepied, Ghosts, 29, 30. Tiež pozri Nashe, Works, I, 358; Brand 1848, III, 52.

46. SAS, IX, 748; Cohens, Taliansko, 150–151; Roy Porter, „The People’s Health in Georgian England“, in Tim Harris, ed., Popular Culture in England, c.1500–1850 (New York, 1995), 139–142; P.E.H. Hair, „Accidental Death and Suicide in Shropshire, 1780–1809“, Transactions of the Shropshire Archaeological Society59 (1969), 63–75; Robert Campbell, „Philosophy and the Accident“, v podaní Rogera Cootera a Billa Luckina, Accidents in History: Injuries, Fatalities, and Social Relations (Amsterdam, 1997), 19–32.

47. 16. apríl 1769, denník sira Johna Parnella, 1769–1783, 57, British Library of Political and Economic Science, London School of Economics; Christopher Hibbert, The English: A Social History (Londýn, 1988), 348–349.

48. Watts, Works, II, 189; Marsilia Ficino, Three Books on Life, ed. a prekl. Carol V. Kaske a John R. Clark (Binghampton, N.Y., 1989), 127; Stanley Coren, Sleep Thieves: An Eye-Opening Exploration into the Science and Mysteries of Sleep (New York, 1996), 97, 185; Lydia Dotto, Losing Sleep: How Your Sleeping Habits Affect Your Life (New York, 1990), 53.

49. VG, Jan. 5, 1739; 15. dec. 1744, C. E. Whiting, ed., Two Yorkshire Diaries: The Diary of Arthur Jessop and Ralph Ward’s Journal (Gateshead on Tyne, Angl., 1952), 95; 1721, 26. dec. 1713, 26. okt. 1698, East Anglian Diaries, 251, 236, 208; Heywood, Diaries, II, 302.

50. The True-Born English-man ... (Londýn, 1708), 16; New England Weekly Journal (Boston), 6. júl 1736; Penry Williams, The Later Tudors: England, 1547–1603 (Oxford, 1995), 216; Thomas, Religion and the Decline of Magic, 17–19; Ruff, Violence, 126.

51. John D. Palmer, The Living Clock: The Orchestrator of Biological Rhythms (New York, 2002), 32–34.

52. Edward Burghall, Providence Improved (Londýn, 1889), 155, 157, 159; WJ, 14. aug. 1725; Helen Simpson, ed. a prekl., The Waiting City: Paris 1782–88 ... (Philadelphia, 1933), 227; Clifford Morsley, News from the English Countryside: 1750–1850 (Londýn, 1979), 143.

53. Defoe, Tour, I, 308; PG, Nov. 1, 1733; Dobson, Death and Disease, 245.

54. J. W. Goethe, Italian Journey, 1786–1788 (New York, 1968), 347; P.E.H. Hair, „Deaths from Violence in Britain: A Tentative Secular Survey“, Population Studies 25 (1971), 5–24.

55. Peter Borsay, The English Urban Renaissance: Culture and Society in the Provincial Town 1660–1770 (Oxford, 1989), 3–11; Christopher R. Friedrichs, The Early Modern City, 1450–1750 (Londýn, 1995), 20–21.

56. Raffaella Sarti, Europe at Home: Family and Material Culture, 1500–1800, prekl. Allan Cameron (New Haven, 2002), 109–111.

57. 16. aug 1693, Michael Hunter a Annabel Gregory, eds., An Astrological Diary of the Seventeenth Century: Samuel Jeake of Rye, 1652–1699 (Oxford, 1988), 224; Elborg Forster, ed. a prekl., A Woman’s Life in the Court of the Sun King: Letters of Liselotte von der Pfalz, 1652–1722 (Baltimore, 1984), 246; Some Bedfordshire Diaries (Streatley, Angl., 1960), 8.

58. 30. jún 1766, Denník p. Tracyho a p. Dentanda, 1766, Bodl., 14; John Spranger, A Proposal or Plan for an Act of Parliament for the Better Paving, Lighting, and Cleaning the Streets ... (Londýn, 1754); Paul Zumthor, Daily Life in Rembrandt’s Holland (New York, 1963), 23–24; Walter King, „How High Is Too High? Disposing of Dung in Seventeenth-Century Prescot“, Sixteenth Century Journal 23 (1992), 446–447; James Clifford, „Some Aspects of London Life in the Mid-18th Century“, in Paul Fritz and David Williams, eds., City & Society in the 18th Century (Toronto, 1973), 19–38; Sarti, Europe at Home, prekl. Cameron, 110–114.

59. Martin Lister, A Journey to Paris in the Year 1698 (Londýn, 1699), 24; Marcelin Defourneaux, Daily Life in Spain: The Golden Age, prekl. Newton Branch (New York, 1971), 63; G. M. Trevelyan, English Social History, a Survey of Six Centuries: Chaucer to Queen Victoria (New York, 1965), 438; G. E. Rodmell, ed., „An Englishman’s Impressions of France in 1775“, Durham University Journal (1967), 85; Joseph Palmer, A Four Months Tour through France (Londýn, 1776), II, 58–60; Bargellini, „Vita Notturna“, 80; A. H. de Oliveira, Daily Life in Portugal in the Late Middle Ages (Madison, Wisc., 1971), 101–102, 141.

60. 17. mar. 1709, Sewall, Denník, II, 616; Thomas Pennant, The Journey from Chester to London (Londýn, 1782), 166; 30. jún 1666, Pepys, denník, VII, 188; WJ, 2. jan. 1725; James K. Hosmer, ed., Winthrop’s Journal: „History of New England“, 1630–1649 (New York, 1908), II, 355.

61. Burton E. Stevenson, The Home Book of Proverbs, Maxims and Familiar Phrases (New York, 1948), 1686; Cotton Mather, Frontiers Well-Defended: An Essay, to Direct the Frontiers of a Countrey Exposed unto the Incursions of a Barbarous Enemy (Boston, 1707), 14; 19. okt. 1691, Sewall, denník, I, 283; Vito Fumagalli, Landscapes of Fear: Perceptions of Nature and the City in the Middle Ages (Cambridge, 1994), 136–148.

62. A General Collection of Discourses of the Virtuosi of France, upon Question of All Sorts of Philosophy, and other Natural Knowledge . . . , prekl. G. Havers (Londýn, 1664), 204.

DRUHÁ KAPITOLA

1. Jean Delumeau, La Peur en Occident, XIVe–XVIIIe Siècles: Une Cité Assiégée (Paríž, 1978), 90.

2. P. M. Mitchell, prekl., Selected Essays of Ludvig Holberg (Westport, Ct., 1976), 51; John Worlidge, Systema Agriculturae; The Mystery of Husbandry Discovered ... (1675; rpt. edn., Los Angeles, 1970), 220; Lawrence Wright, Warm and Snug: The History of the Bed (Londýn, 1962), 120.

3. Sara Tilghman Nalle, Mad for God: Bartolomé Sánchez, the Secret Messiah of Cardenete (Charlottesville, Va., 2001), 129; Samuel Rowlands, The Night-Raven (Londýn, 1620); The Ordinary of Newgate, His Account of the Behaviour, Confession, and Dying Words, of the Malefactors Who were Executed at Tyburn, 7. nov. 1750, 10.

4. Marjorie Keniston McIntosh, Controlling Misbehavior in England, 1370–1600 (Cambridge, 1998), 66–67; Jütte, Poverty, 163; F. Alteri, Dizionario Italiano ed Inglese ... (Londýn, 1726); Paul Griffiths, „Meanings of Nightwalking in Early Modern England“, Seventeenth Century 13 (1998), 213, 216–217.

5. OBP, 15–18. jan. 1748, 54; Midnight the Signal: In Sixteen Letters to a Lady of Quality (n.p., 1779), I, 9, na rôznych miestach; John Crowne, Henry the Sixth, the First Part ... (Londýn, 1681), 18; Griffiths, „Nightwalking“, 217–238.

6. OBP, 17. máj 1727, 6.

7. Úvod k rozsiahlej literatúre o ranej novovekej kriminalite, pozri J. A. Sharpe, Crime in Early Modern England, 1550–1750 (Londýn, 1984); Joanna Innes a John Styles, „The Crime Wave: Recent Writings on Crime and Criminal Justice in Eighteenth-Century England“, Journal of British Studies 25 (1986), 380–435; Ruff, Violence.

8. Kyd, The Spanish Tragedie (Londýn, 1592); Watts, Works, II, 190.

9. Hadrianus Junius, The Nomenclator ... (Londýn, 1585), 425; The Works of Monsieur Boileau (Londýn, 1712), I, 199; Heywood, denníky, II, 286; OBP, 7. sept. 1737, 163; S. Pole, „Crime, Society and Law Enforcement in Hanoverian Somerset“ (Ph.D. diss., Cambridge Univ., 1983), 302–303; Julius Ralph Ruff, „Crime, Justice, and Public Order in France, 1696–1788: the Senechausee of Libourne“ (Ph.D. diss., Univ. of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 1979), 238; Select Trials, II, 234; Beattie, Crime, 167–192.

10. 8. sept. 1666, 21. aug. 1665, Pepys, denník, VII, 282, VI, 200; OBP, Sept. 6–11, 1738, 146; M. Dorothy George, London Life in the 18th Century (New York, 1965), 10–11; Beattie, Crime, 148–154.

11. Jeremy Black, British Abroad: The Grand Tour in the Eighteenth Century (New York, 1992), 177; Joseph Jacobs, ed., Epistolae Ho-Elianeae: The Familiary Letters of James Howell ... (Londýn, 1900), 45; DUR, 26. dec. 1788; Marcelin Defourneaux, Daily Life in Spain: The Golden Age, prekl. Newton Branch (New York, 1971), 68; Moryson, Itinerary, I, 141.

12. An Effectual Scheme for the Immediate Preventing of Street Robberies, and Suppressing All Other Disorders of the Night ... (Londýn, 1731) 65; Colm Lennon, Richard Stanyhurst the Dubliner, 1547–1618 (Blackrock, Ire., 1981), 148; Beattie, Crime, 180–181; J. A. Sharpe, Crime in Seventeenth-Century England: A County Study (Cambridge, 1983), 103.

13. Richard Head, The Canting Academy; or Villanies Discovered ... (Londýn, 1674), 69; Thomas Evans, 8. feb. 1773, Assi 45/31/1/78; Ann Maury, Memoirs of a Huguenot Family ... from the Original Autobiography of Rev. James Fontaine ... (New York, 1852), 303; Beattie, Crime, 152–161; Alan Macfarlane, The Justice and the Mare’s Ale: Law and Disorder in Seventeenth-Century England (Oxford, 1981), 136–140; James A. Sharpe, „Criminal Organization in Rural England 1550–1750“, in G. Ortalli, ed., Bande Armate, Banditti, Banditismo (Rím, 1986), 125–140.

14. William Lithgow, The Totall Discourse of the Rare Adventures & Painefull Peregrinations ... (Glasgow, 1906), 310; Ruff, Violence, 31, 64–65, 217–239; Pierre Goubert, The Ancien Régime: French Society 1600–1750, prekl. Steve Cox (Londýn, 1973), 104; Uwe Danker, „Bandits and the State: Robbers and the Authorities in the Holy Roman Empire in the Late Seventeenth and Early Eighteenth Centuries“, Richarda J. Evans ed., The German Underworld: Deviants and Outcasts in German History (Londýn, 1988), 75–107.

15. OBP, 17.–20. jan., 1750, 7. – 12. dec. 1743, 82, 12. jan. 1733, 45; B., Discolliminium: or a Most Obedient Reply to a Late Book ... (Londýn, 1650).

16. William Keatinge Clay, ed., Private Prayers, Put Forth by Authority during the Reign of Queen Elizabeth (Cambridge, 1851), 444; Sir Edward Coke, The Third Part of the Institutes of the Laws of England ... (1628; rpt. edn., New York, 1979), 63; Sir William Blackstone, Commentaries on the Laws of England, ed. William Draper Lewis (Phildadelphia, 1902), IV, 1615; Beattie, Crime, 163–165.

17. Head, Canting Academy, 179; Eric Partridge, ed., A Dictionary of the Underworld (Ware, Angl., 1989), 43, 469; John Poulter, The Discoveries of John Poulter(Londýn, 1753), 43; 30. jan. 1665, Pepys, denník, VI, 25.

18. OBP, 16. jan. 1734, 55; Beattie, Crime, 163; WJ, 20. júl 1728.

19. 11. júl 1664, Pepys, denník, V, 201; Hanging Not Punishment Enough, for Murtherers, High-way Men, and House-Breakers (Londýn, 1701), 6.

20. OBP, 10.-13. dec. 1707; Select Trials, I, 306; Michel Porret, Le Crime et ses Circonstances: De l’Esprit de l’Arbitraire au Siècle des Lumières selon les Réquisitoires des Procureurs Genève (Ženeva, 1995), 258; Beattie, Crime, 164–165.

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22. John L. McMullan, The Canting Crew: London’s Criminal Underworld, 1550–1700 (New Brunswick, N.J., 1984), 162; A Warning for House-Keepers . . . (Londýn, 1676), 4; Heywood, denníky, III, 206; Cynthia B. Herrup, The Common Peace: Participation and the Criminal Law in Seventeenth-Century England (Cambridge, 1987), 27, 30–31, 170–171; Ruff, Violence, 221–224; George Huppert, After the Black Death: A Social History of Early Modern Europe (Bloomington, Ind., 1986), 107–109.

23. Florike Egmond, Underworlds: Organized Crime in the Netherlands 1650–1800 (Cambridge, 1993), 33, 188–191; Schindler, Rebellion, 222; Ruff, Violence, 221; Albrecht Keller, ed., A Hangman’s Diary: Being the Journal of Master Franz Schmidt, Public Executioner of Nuremberg, 1573–1617, prekl. C. V. Calvert a A. W. Gruner (Montclair, N.J., 1973), 130.

24. Elisabeth Crouzet-Pavan, „Potere Politico e Spazio Sociale: It Controllo Della Notte a Venezia nei Secoli XIII–XV“, in Mario Sbriccoli, ed., La Notte: Ordine, Sicurezza e Disciplinamento in Età Moderna (Florencia, 1991), 48; Daniel Defoe, Street-Robberies Consider’d ... (1728; rpt. edn., Stockton, N.J., 1973), 68; Alan Williams, The Police of Paris, 1718–1789 (Baton Rouge, 1979), 287.

25. Dekker, Writings, 193; The Confession &c. of Thomas Mount ... (Portsmouth, N.H., [1791?]), 19; Select Trials, II, 236; Charles Dorrington, 10. feb. 1764, Assi 45/27/2/125; OBP, Jan. 15–19, 1742, 31, Sept. 6, 1732, 188; Select Trials, I, 303.

26. John Nelson, 25. aug. 1738, Assi 45/21/3/126.

27. OBP, 15.-17. máj 1746, 149.

28. OBP, 28. jún – 2. júl 1744, 159, 25.-30. apr. 1750, 68, 11.-14. júl 1750, 87; Macfarlane, Justice and the Mare’s Ale, 132; OBP, 5.-10. dec. 1744, 7, 5.-10. dec. 1744, 142.

29. OBP, 17.-19. okt. 1744, 257, 30. aug. 1727, 4.

30. Lavater, Spirites, 22; Jeannine Blackwell a Susanne Zantop, eds., Bitter Healing: German Women Writers from 1700 to 1830: An Anthology (Lincoln, Neb., 1990), 60; Brand 1848, II, 314; Danker, „Bandits“, 88. Tiež pozri Taillepied, Ghosts, 31.

31. Crusius, Nocte, ch. 11.9; Keller, ed., Hangman’s Diary, prekl. Calvert and Gruner, 110; Brand 1848, I, 312, III, 278–279; Marjorie Rowling, The Folklore of the Lake District (Totowa, N.J., 1976), 26; Matthiessen, Natten, 94–95. Tiež pozri Bargellini, „Vita Notturna“, 84; John McManners, Church and Society in Eighteenth-Century France (Oxford, 1999), II, 232.

32. Karl Wegert, Popular Culture, Crime, and Social Control in 18th Century Württemberg (Stuttgart, 1994), 101; Keller, ed., Hangman’s Diary, prekl. Calvert a Gruner, 112–113; Brand 1848, I, 312; Times (Londýn), 3. júl 1790.

33. Torriano, Proverbi, 171.

34. Pinkerton, Travels, II, 565; Elisabeth Crouzet-Pavan, Venice Triumphant: The Horizons of a Myth, prekl. Lydia G. Cochrane (Baltimore, 2002), 161; Ruff, Violence, 120–121.

35. Alessandro Falassi, Folklore by the Fireside: Text and Context of the Tuscan Veglia (Austin, 1980), 6; J. Mitchell a M.D.R. Leys, A History of London Life(Londýn, 1958), 73; Claude Fouret, „Douai au XVIe Siècle: Une Sociabilté de l’Agression“, Revue d’Histoire Moderne et Contemporaine 34 (1987), 9–10; Robert Muchembled, „La Violence et la Nuit sous l’Ancien Régime“, Ethnologie Francaise 21 (1991), 237; Rudy Chaulet, „La Violence en Castille au XVIIe Siècle“, Crime, Histoire & Sociâetâes 1 (1997), 14–16. Tiež pozri Barbara A. Hanawalt, „Violent Death in Fourteenth- and Early Fifteenth-Century England“, Comparative Studies in Society and History 18 (1976), 305, 319.

36. J. R. Hale, ed., The Travel Journal of Antonio de Beatis ... , prekl. J. R. Hale a J.M.A. Lindon (Londýn, 1979), 82; James Casey, The Kingdom of Valencia in the Seventeenth Century (Cambridge, 1979), 212; Moryson, Unpublished Itinerary, 463, 163; Cleone Knox, The Diary of a Young Lady of Fashion in the Year 1764–1765 (New York, 1926), 220; Ménétra, Journal, 86; S. Johnson, London: A Poem ... (Londýn, 1739), 17; James Hervey, Meditations and Contemplations (New York, 1848), II, 33; J.S. Cockburn, „Patterns of Violence in English Society: Homicide in Kent, 1560–1985“, PP 103 (1991), 86; Matthiessen, Natten, 141.

37. 21. dec. 1494, Luca Landucci, ed., A Florentine Diary from 1450 to 1516 ... , prekl. Alice De Rosen Jervis (1927; rpt. edn., Freeport, N.Y., 1971), 77; Remarks 1717, 238, 241; Ruff, Violence, 75–76; Jonathan Walker, „Bravi and Venetian Nobles, C. 1550–1650“, Studi Veneziani 36 (1998), 85–113.

38. 18. aug 1692, Wood, Life, V, 398; G. C. Faber, The Poetical Works of John Gay ... (Londýn, 1926), 81; Robert Shoemaker, „Male Honour and the Decline of Public Violence in Eighteenth-Century London“, SH 26 (2001), 190–208.

39. The Rules of Civility (Londýn, 1685), 114–115, na rôznych miestach; Norbert Elias, The Civilizing Process: The Development of Manners ... , prekl. Edmond Jephcott, 2 diely (New York, 1978–1982); Ruff, Violence, 7–8; Penelope Corfield, „Walking the City Streets: The Urban Odyssey in Eighteenth-Century England“, JUH 16 (1990), 132–174; Jan Bremmer a Herman Roodenburg, eds., A Cultural History of Gesture (Ithaca, N.Y., 1992), na rôznych miestach.

40. Sir Thomas Overbury, His Wife (Londýn, 1622); 8. feb. 1660, Pepys, denník, I, 46; Schindler, „Youthful Culture“, 275; Thomas Bell, 2. máj 1666, York Depositions, 142; WJ, 23. mar. 1723.

41. Richard A. Page a Martin K. Moss, „Environmental Influences on Aggression: The Effects of Darkness and Proximity of Victim“, Journal of Applied Social Psychology 6 (1976), 126–133.

42. Francis Lenton, Characterismi: or, Lentons Leasures ... (Londýn, 1631); Robert E. Thayer, The Origin of Everyday Moods: Managing Energy, Tension, and Stress (New York, 1996), na rôznych miestach.

43. Carolyn Pouncy, ed., The „Domostroi“: Rules for Russian Households in the Time of Ivan the Terrible (Ithaca, N.Y., 1994), 81; Arne Jansson, From Swords to Sorrow: Homicide and Suicide in Early Modern Stockholm (Štokholm, 1998), 125.

44. F. G. Emmison, ed., Elizabethan Life: Disorder; Mainly from Essex Sessions and Assize Records (Chelmsford, Eng., 1970), 206; Matthiessen, Natten, 133; Ruff, Violence, 126; Muchembled, Violence, 31–32.

45. Francis Henderson, 11. jún 1777, Assi 45/33/1/14a; Plain Advice to Hard-Drinkers ... (Londýn, 1796), 10; Pieter Spierenburg, „Knife Fighting and Popular Codes of Honor in Early Modern Amsterdam“, in Pieter Spierenburg, ed., Men and Violence: Gender, Honor, and Rituals in Modern Europe and America (Columbus, Ohio, 1998), 109; Julius R. Ruff, Crime, Justice and Public Order in Old Regime France: The Sénéchaussées of Libourne and Bazas, 1696–1789 (Londýn, 1984), 80–81.

46. Dietz, Surgeon, 194; Johnson, Londýn, 17; Muchembled, Violence, 32; Beattie, Crime, 93; Schindler, Rebellion, 215–216.

47. Matthiessen, Natten, 96.

48. „Palladio“, Middlesex Journal, or, Chronicle of Liberty (Londýn), 30. júl 1769; Shakespeare, Othello, I, 1, 75; William Davenant, The Wits (Londýn, 1636); Thomas, Religion and the Decline of Magic, 15; Johan Goudsblom, Fire and Civilization (Londýn, 1992), 144–145.

49. James Gabriel Fyfe, ed., Scottish Diaries and Memoirs, 1550–1746 (Stirling, Scot., 1928), 259; Samuel H. Baron, ed. a prekl., The Travels of Olearius in Seventeenth Century Russia (Stanford, Calif., 1967), 112; Penny Roberts, „Agencies Human and Divine: Fire in French Cities, 1520–1720“, in William G. Naphy and Penny Roberts, eds., Fear in Early Modern Society (Manchester, 1997), 9.

50. Stephen Porter, „Fires in Stratford-upon-Avon in the Sixteenth & Seventeenth Centuries“, Warwickshire History 3 (1976), 103, na rôznych miestach.

51. Thomas, Religion and the Decline of Magic, 333; 16. mar. 1701, Cowper, denník; Matthiessen, Natten, 121–122.

52. Sir Richard Blackmore, Prince Arthur (Londýn, 1695), 190; E. L. Jones et al., A Gazetteer of English Urban Fire Disasters, 1500–1900 (Norwich, 1984).

53. Roy Porter, London, a Social History (Cambridge, Mass., 1995), 85; 4. sept. 1666, Evelyn, denník, III, 454; Neil Hanson, The Great Fire of London: In that Apocalyptic Year (Hoboken, N.J., 2002).

54. NYWJ, 26. sept. 1737; SJC, Aug. 4, 1785; Roberts, „Fire in French Cities“, 9–27.

55. Mar. 30, 1760, „Stow, and John Gate’s Diary“, Worcester Society of Antiquity Proceedings (1898), 270; Carl Bridenbaugh, Cities in the Wilderness: The First Century of Urban Life in America, 1625–1742 (Oxford, 1971), 55–63, 206–213, 364–372; Carl Bridenbaugh, Cities in Revolt: Urban Life in America, 1743–1776(Oxford, 1971), 18, 100–105, 292–294.

56. Ludwig Holberg, Moral Reflections & Epistles, ed. P. M. Mitchell (Norvik, Eng., 1991), 169; „The Diary of George Booth“, Journal of the Chester and North Wales Architectural Archaeological and Historic Society, New Ser., 28 (1928), 40; Enid Porter, Cambridgeshire Customs and Folklore (New York, 1969), 205.

57. John Bancroft, The Tragedy of Sertonius (Londýn, 1679), 20. Tiež pozri Benjamin Keach, Spiritual Melody (Londýn, 1691), 28; Rowlands, Night Raven.

58. Benjamin Franklin, Writings, ed. J. A. Leo Lemay, ed., (New York, 1987), 220–221; „Philanthropos“, LEP, 25. jan. 1763; Carl Bridenbaugh, Vexed and Troubled Englishmen1590–1642 (New York, 1967), 144; The Life and Errors of John Dunton ... (Londý n, 1818), II, 606.

59. Paroimiographia (anglicky), 5; Thomas Tusser, Five Hundred Pointes of Good Husbandrie, eds. V. Payne a J. Sidney (Londýn, 1878), 179; 13. jan. 1669, Josselin, denník, 545; 3. nov. 1710, Raymond A. Anselment, ed., The Remembrances of Elizabeth Freke, 1671–1714 (Londýn, 2001), 270; 22. mar. 1683, J. E. Foster, ed., The Diary of Samuel Newton (Cambridge, 1890), 84; PG, 18. feb. 1729.

60. Hugh Platte, The Jewell House of Art and Nature ... (1594; rpt. edn., Amsterdam, 1979), 50.

61. 20. júl 1709, Sewall, denník, II, 622; George Lyman Kittredge, The Old Farmer and His Almanack ... (Cambridge, Mass., asi 1904), 147; DUR, 11. júl 1787.

62. Marybeth Carlson, „Domestic Service in a Changing City Economy: Rotterdam, 1680–1780“ (Ph.D. diss., Univ. of Wisconsin, 1993), 157–158; Wilson, English Proverbs, 167.

63. Grub Street Journal (Londýn), 16. máj 1734.

64. PA, 15. júl 1763; William Langland’s Piers Plowman: The C Version, prekl. George Economou (Philadelphia, 1996), 25; Christopher R. Friedrichs, The Early Modern City, 1450-1750 (Londýn, 1995), 276–277.

65. William Hector, ed., Selections from the Judicial Records of Renfrewshire ... (Paisley, Scot., 1876), 239; Bernard Capp, „Arson, Threats of Arson, and Incivility in Early Modern England“, in Peter Burke et al., eds., Civil Histories: Essays Presented to Sir Keith Thomas (Oxford, 2000), 197–213; Matthiessen, Natten, 121.

66. Goudsblom, Fire and Civilization, 158; Roberts, „Fire in French Cities“, 22; Country Journal: or the Craftsman (Londýn), 24. jún 1738.

67. SJC, 25. máj 1769; Frank McLynn, Crime and Punishment in Eighteenth-Century England (Londýn, 1989), 85; Ruff, „Crime, Justice, and Public Order“, 262; BC, 20. máj 1761.

68. Augustus Jessopp, ed., The Autobiography of the Hon. Roger North (Londýn, 1887), 41; WJ, 15. aug. 1724; Effectual Scheme, 69–70.

69. Bob Scribner, „The Mordbrenner Fear in Sixteenth-Century Germany: Political Paranoia or the Revenge of the Outcast?“, in Evans, ed., German Underworld, 29–56; Penny Roberts, „Arson, Conspiracy and Rumor in Early Modern Europe“, Continuity and Change 12 (1997), 9–29.

70. Jacqueline Simpson, The Folklore of Sussex (Londýn, 1973), 135–136; Capp, „Arson“, 204; Thomas D. Morris, Southern Slavery and the Law, 1619–1860(Chapel Hill, N.C., 1996), 330–332.

71. Weinsberg, denník, I, 125; SJC, 4. nov. 1769; Thomas, Religion and the Decline of Magic, 531–533.

72. Grose, Dictionary; 6 Anne c.31; PG, 30. apr. 1730. Tiež pozri Effectual Scheme, 69; Michael Kunze, Highroad to the Stake: A Tale of Witchcraft, prekl. William E. Yuill (Chicago, 1987), 147.

73. Nashe, Works, I, 386.

74. Rudolph Braun, Industrialisation and Everyday Life, prekl. Sarah Hanbury Tenison (Cambridge, 1990), 84.

DRUHÁ ČASŤ

ÚVOD

1. James M. Houston, ed., The Mind on Fire: An Anthology of the Writings of Blaise Pascal (Porland, Ore., 1989), 165.

2. [Foxton], The Night-Piece: A Poem (Londýn, 1719), 10. O inštitúciách každodenného života pozri napr. Pounds, Culture, 255–301; Cohens, Taliansko, 51–52, 116–125; David H. Flaherty, „Crime and Social Control in Provincial Massachusetts“, Historical Journal 24 (1981), 339–360.

3. Ken Krabbenhoft, prekl., The Poems of St. John of the Cross (New York, 1999), 19; James Scholefield, ed., The Works of James Pilkington, B. D., Lord Bishop of Durham (Londýn, 1842), 340; Verdon, Night, 199–215; Paulette Choné, L’Atelier Des Nuits: Histoire et Signification du Nocturne dans l’Art d’Occident (Nancy, Francúzsko, 1992), 146–150; John M. Staudenmaier, „Denying the Holy Dark: The Englightenment Ideal and the European Mystical Tradition“, v podaní Lea Marxa a Brucea Mazlisha, Progress: Fact or Illusion (Ann Arbor, Mich., 1996), 184–185.

4. Daniello Bartoli, La Ricreazione del Savio (Parma, 1992), 191–192; John Northbrooke, A Treatise wherein Dicing, Dauncing, Vaine Playes or Enterluds with Other Idle Pastimes ... (Londýn, 1577), 20; John Clayton, Friendly Advice to the Poor ... (Manchester, 1755), 38.

5. Piero Camporesi, Exotic Brew: The Art of Living in the Age of Enlightenment (Malden, Mass., 1994), 13.

6. Thomas Amory, Daily Devotion Assisted and Recommended ... (Londýn, 1772), 20; George Economou, prekl., William Langland’s Piers Plowman: The C Version (Philadelphia, 1996), 188; Cotton Mather, Meat Out of the Eater (Boston, 1703), 129; Keith Thomas, Man and the Natural World: A History of the Modern Sensibility (New York, 1983), 40.

TRETIA KAPITOLA

1. Moryson, Unpublished Itinerary, 350.

2. Lean, Lean’s Collectanea, I, 352; Gerhard Dohrn-van Rossum, History of the Hour: Clocks and Modern Temporal Orders, prekl. Thomas Dunlap (Chicago, 1996), 204; Remarks 1717, 160; Sigridin Maurice a Klaus Maurice, „Counting the Hours in Community Life of the 16th Century“, Klaus Maurice a Otto Mayr ed., The Clockwork Universe: German Clocks and Automata, 1550–1650 (New York, 1980), 148.

3. T. P. Wiseman, Remus: A Roman Myth (Cambridge, 1995), 125; James D. Tracy, ed., City Walls: The Urban Enceinte in Global Perspective (Cambridge, 2000); R. A. Butlin, „Land and People, c. 1600“, in T. W. Moody et al., eds., Early Modern Ireland, 1534–1691 (Oxford, 1991), 160–161; Remarks 1717, 160; Matthiessen,Natten, 18; Ripae, Nocturno Tempore, ch. 19.

4. Adam Walker, Ideas ... in a Late Excursion through Flanders, Germany, France, and Italy (Londýn, 1790), 69; Verdon, Night, 81; Batavia: or the Hollander Displayed ... (Amsterdam, 1675), 50; Alexander Cowan, Urban Europe, 1500–1700 (Londýn, 1998), 138–142.

5. John Chamberlayne, Magna Britannia Notitia: or, the Present State of Great Britain ... (Londýn, 1723), I, 255; Cowan, Urban Europe, 39–40.

6. Anglicus, On the Properties of Things, prekl. John Trevisa (Oxford, 1975), I, 539; Christopher R. Friedrichs, The Early Modern City, 1450–1750 (Londýn, 1995), 23.

7. Corinne Walker, „Esquisse Pour une Histoire de la Vie Nocturne: Genéve au XVIIIe Siècle“, Revue du Vieux Genève 19 (1989), 74; Moryson, Itinerary, I, 41; Remarks 1717, 101–104; Gerhard Tanzer, Spectacle Müssen Seyn: Die Freizeit der Wiener im 18. Jahrhundert (Viedeň, 1992), 55.

8. OED, s.v. „curfew“; Raphael Holinshed, Holinshed’s Chronicles of England, Scotland, and Ireland, ed. Charles Lethbridge (1807; rpt. edn., New York, 1965), II, 9.

9. Toulin Smith, ed., English Gilds: The Original Ordinances of More than One Hundred Early English Gilds ... (1870; rpt. edn., Londýn, 1963), 194; Falkus, „Lighting“, 249–251; William M. Bowsky, „The Medieval Commune and Internal Violence: Police Power and Public Safety in Siena, 1287–1355“, AHR 73 (1967), 6; A. Voisin, „Notes sur la Vie Urbaine au XV. Siècle: Dijon la Nuit“, Annales de Bourgogne 9 (1937), 267.

10. Matthiessen, Natten, 21–22; Gerald Strauss, Nuremberg in the Sixteenth Century: City Politics and Life Between Middle Ages and Modern Times (Bloomington, Ind., 1976), 190–191; J. R. Hale, „Violence in the Late Middle Ages: A Background“, in Lauro Martines, ed., Violence and Civil Disorder in Italian Cities1200–1500 (Berkeley, Calif., 1972), 23; Verdon, Night, 81; Journal of Sir John Finch, 1675–1682, Historical Manuscripts Commission, Report on the Manuscripts of Allan Finch, Esq. ... (Londýn, 1913), I, 69.

11. Paul Griffiths, „Meanings of Nightwalking in Early Modern England“, Seventeenth Century 13 (1998), 224–225; The Lawes of the Market (1595; rpt. edn., Amsterdam, 1974); Falkus, „Lighting“, 250–251, na rôznych miestach.

12. W. O. Hassall, comp., How They Lived: An Anthology of Original Accounts Written Before 1485 (Oxford, 1962), 207; Griffiths „Nightwalking“, 218, na rôznych miestach; Marjorie Keniston McIntosh, Controlling Misbehavior in England, 1370–1600 (Cambridge, 1998), 66–67; Bronislaw Geremek, The Margins of Society in Late Medieval Paris, prekl. Jean Birrell (Cambridge, 1987), 126, 217; Moryson, Itinerary, I, 196; Walker, „Genève“, 75; T. Platter, Journal, 204; Christopher Black, Early Modern Italy: A Social History (Londýn, 2001), 102.

13. Benjamin Ravid, „The Venetian Government and the Jews“, Robert C. Davis a Benjamin Ravid ed., The Jews of Early Modern Venice (Baltimore, 2001), 8, 21; Orest a Patricia Ranum, comps., The Century of Louis XIV (New York, 1972), 168; Black, Early Modern Italy, 154–156; R.I. Moore, The Formation of a Persecuting Society: Power and Deviance in Western Europe, 950–1250 (Oxford, 1987), 87.

14. Dekker, Lanthorne and Candle-Light (Londýn, 1608); Kathryn Norberg, Rich and Poor in Grenoble, 1600–1814 (Berkeley, Calif., 1985), 44; Griffiths, „Nightwalking“, na rôznych miestach; Robert B. Shoemaker, Prosecution and Punishment: Petty Crime and the Law in London and Rural Middlesex, c. 1660–1725 (Cambridge, 1991), 179–181; Luigi Cajan a Silva Saba, „La Notte Devota: Luci e Ombre Delle Quarantore“, in Mario Sbriccoli, ed., La Notte: Ordine, Sicurezza e Disciplinamento in Età Moderna (Florencia, 1991), 74.

15. 13 Edward I c.4; Sir Andrew Balfour, Letters Written to a Friend (Edinburgh, 1700), 86; Bartholomäus Sastrow et al., Social Germany in Luther’s Time: Being the Memoirs of Bartholomew Sastrow, prekl. H.A.L. Fisher (Westminster, Eng., 1902), 172; Moryson, Unpublished Itinerary, 405, 163; Ruth Pike, „Crime and Punishment in Sixteenth-Century Spain“, Journal of European Economic History 5 (1976), 695; Andrew Trout, City on the Seine: Paris in the Time of Richelieu and Louis XIV (New York, 1996), 173–174, 217.

16. A. R. Myers, ed., English Historical Documents, 1327–1485 (Londýn, 1969), 1073; David Chambers a Trevor Dean, Clean Hands and Rough Justice: An Investigating Magistrate in Renaissance Italy (Ann Arbor, Mich., 1997), 100; Elisabeth Pavan, „Recherches sur la Nuit Vénitienne à la Fin du Moyen Age“, Journal of Medieval History 7 (1981), 354–355.

17. Verdon, Night, 75; Pavan, „Nuit Vénitienne“, 353.

18. E. S. De Beer, „The Early History of London Street-Lighting“, History 25 (1941), 311–324; Falkus, „Lighting“, 251–254; O’Dea, Lighting, 94; Paul Zumthor, Daily Life in Rembrandt’s Holland (New York, 1963), 20.

19. Angelo Raine, ed., York Civic Records (Wakefield, Eng., 1942), III, 110; Falkus, „Lighting“, 251–254; J. H. Thomas, Town Government in the Sixteenth Century ... (Londýn, [1933]), 56–57; Carl Bridenbaugh, Vexed and Troubled Englishmen, 1590–1642 (New York, 1967), 153–154.

20. Charles Knight, London (Londýn, 1841), I, 104; De Beer, „London Street-Lighting“, 311–324; Matthiessen, Natten, 26.

21. Jean Shirley, prekl., A Parisian Journal, 1405–1449 (Oxford, 1968), 51; Thoresby, Diary, I, 190; Matthiessen, Natten, 24, 118; David Cressy, Bonfires and Bells: National Memory and the Protestant Calendar in Elizabethan and Stuart England (Londýn, 1989), 74; Bargellini, „Vita Notturna“, 79.

22. James S. Amelang, ed., A Journal of the Plague Year: The Diary of the Barcelona Tanner Miquel Parets, 1651 (New York, 1991), 86; Koslofsky, „Court Culture“, 746; Lord Herbert, ed., Henry, Elizabeth and George (1738–80): Letters and Diaires of Henry, Tenth Earl of Pembroke and His Circle (Londýn, 1939), 371; Luca Landucci, ed., A Florentine Diary from 1450 to 1516, prekl. Alice De Rosen Jervis (Londýn, 1927), 161, 29; 29. máj 1666, Pepys, denník, VII, 136; Cressy, Bonfires and Bells, 85–92.

23. A. W. Verity, ed., Milton’s Samson Agonistes (Cambridge, 1966), 7; Phillip Stubbes, Anatomy of the Abuses in England ... , ed. Frederick J. Furnivall (Londýn, 1877), I, 342; Dec. 6, 1764, Frederick A. Pottle, ed., Boswell on the Grand Tour: Germany and Switzerland, 1764 (New York, 1953), 243; Eamon Duffy, The Stripping of the Altars: Traditional Religion in England, c.1400–c.1580 (New Haven, 1992), 407, 419. Tiež pozri Moryson, Itinerary, I, 167, 235, 310.

24. Schindler, Rebellion, 196; Remarks 1717, 69; John McManners, Church and Society in Eighteenth-Century France (Oxford, 1999), II, 219.

25. John Ray, Observations Topographical, Moral, & Physiological . . . (Londýn, 1673), 317; Moryson, Unpublished Itinerary, 448; J. W. Goethe, Italian Journey, 1786–1788 (New York, 1968), 344; Schindler, Rebellion, 195–201; Roche, Consumption, 116–118.

26. Apr. 16, 1708, Cowper, Diary; Stewart E. Fraser, ed., Ludwig Holberg’s Memoirs . . . (Leiden, 1970), 115; „Decription of the City of Rome“, Town and Country Magazine 24 (1792), 260; Henry Swinburne, Travels in the Two Sicilies ... (Londýn, 1783), II, 72–73; Cohens, Taliansko, 156–157; Sara T. Nalle, God in La Mancha: Religious Reform and the People of Cuenca, 1500–1650 (Baltimore, 1992), 154–156.

27. J. M. Beattie, Policing in London, 1660–1750: Urban Crime and the Limits of Terror (Oxford, 2001), 172; Edward MacLysaght, Irish Life in the Seventeenth Century (New York, 1969), 197; Eugène Defrance, Histoire de l’Éclairage des Rues de Paris (Paríž, 1904), 36; Falkus, „Lighting“, 254–264; Lettie S. Multhauf, „The Light of Lamp-Lanterns: Street Lighting in 17th-Century Amsterdam“, Technology and Culture 26 (1985), 236–252; Ruff, Violence, 3; Cohens, Taliansko, 116–117; Jonathan Irvine Israel, The Dutch Republic: Its Rise, Greatness, and Fall, 1477–1806 (New York, 1995), 681–682; Voisin, „Dijon la Nuit“, 278.

28. J. P. Marana, Lettre Sicilienne (1700; rpt. edn., Paríž, 1883), 50–51; Martin Lister, A Journey to Paris in the Year 1698, ed. Raymond Phineas Stearns (Urbana, Ill., 1967), 25; John Beckman, A History of Inventions, Discoveries, and Origins, prekl. William Johnston (Londýn, 1846), 180–182; Koslofsky, „Court Culture“, 748–752; Defrance, Histoire de 
l’Éclairage
, 35–38; Leon Bernard, The Emerging City: Paris in the Age of Louis XIV (Durham, N.C., 1970), 162–166; Falkus, „Lighting“, 254–260; Peter Borsay, The English Urban Renaissance: Culture and Society in the Provincial Town, 1660–1770 (Oxford, 1989), 72–74.

29. SJC, Oct. 25, 1783; De Beer, „Street-Lighting“, 317–320; Beckman, Discoveries, prekl. Johnston, 180; Matthiessen, Natten, 26.

30. John Scott, A Visit to Paris in 1814 ... (Londýn, 1815), 40; Defrance, Histoire de l’Éclairage, 47; G. E. Rodmell, ed., „An Englishman’s Impressions of France in 1775“, Durham University Journal (1967), 78. Tiež pozri Maurice Déribéré a Paulette Déribéré, Préhistoire et Histoire de la Lumière (Paríž, 1979), 117.

31. Koslofsky, „Court Culture“, 759; Corinne Walker, „Du Plaisir à la Nécessité: l’Apparition de la Lumière dans les Rues de Genève à la Fin du XVIIIe Siècle“, in François Walter, ed., Vivre et Imaginer la Ville XVIIIe–XIXe Siècles (Ženeva, 1988), 107; Henry Hibbert, Syntagma Theologcum . . . (Londýn, 1662), 31; Beattie, Policing, 170.

32. Smollet, Humphry Clinker . . . (New York, 1983), 113.

33. R. G. Bury, prekl., Plato in Twelve Volumes (Cambridge, Mass., 1963), XI, 69; Crusius, Nocte, ch. 5.5.

34. 13 Edward I c.4; Beckman, Discoveries, prekl. Johnston, 188; Joachim Schlör, Nights in the Big City: Paris, Berlin, London 1840–1930, prekl. Pierre Gottfried Imhof and Dafydd Rees Roberts (Londýn, 1998), 73.

35. Moryson, Unpublished Itinerary, 365–366; Clare Williams, ed., Thomas Platter’s Travels in England, 1599 (Londýn, 1937), 174; Raine, ed., York Civic Records, V, 102; Bowsky, „Medieval Commune“, 9–10; Alan Williams, The Police of Paris, 1718–1789 (Baton Rouge, 1979), 67.

36. Carl Bridenbaugh, Cities in the Wilderness: The First Century of Urban Life in America, 1625–1742 (Oxford, 1971), 64–67.

37. Beckman, Discoveries, prekl. Johnston, 189; Schlör, Nights in the Big City, prekl. Imhof and Roberts, 74; Duke of Ormond, „Whereas by the good and wholsome lawes of this realm ... night-watches should be kept...“ (Dublin, 1677); Ruff, Violence, 92; M. De La Lande, Voyage en Italie . . . (Paríž, 1786), 154.

38. Memoirs of François-René Vicomte de Chateaubriand, prekl. Alexander Teixera de Mattos (New York, 1902), IV, 27; William Young, The History of Dulwich College . . . with a Life of the Founder, Edward Alleyn, and an Accurate Transcript of His Diary, 1617–1622 (Londýn, 1889), II, 356; A.F.J. Brown, Essex People, 1750–1900 (Chelmsford, Angl., 1972), 40; Robert C. Davis, Shipbuilders of the Venetian Arsenal: Workers and Workplace in the Preindustrial City (Baltimore, 1991), 157.

39. Mr. Ozell, prekl., M. Misson’s Memoirs and Observations in His Travels over England (Londýn, 1719), 358–359; Beattie, Policing, 169–197; Williams, Police of Paris, 67; e-mail of Nov. 16, 2003, from Paul Griffiths; Frank McLynn, Crime and Punishment in Eighteenth-Century England (Londýn, 1989).

40. NHCR I, 33; Beattie, Policing, 181; Matthiessen, Natten, 52; Thomas Forester, ed., Norway and Its Scenery ... the Journal of a Tour by Edward Price . . . (Londýn, 1853), 181–182; Pinkerton, Travels, I, 265; John Carr, A Northern Summer or Travels Round the Baltic . . . (Hartford, Ct., 1806), 129; An Accurate Description of the United Netherlands ... (Londýn, 1691), 65; Bridenbaugh, Cities in the Wilderness, 64–67.

41. Robert Poole, A Journey from London to France . . . (Londýn, 1741), 10; Moryson, Itinerary, I, 18, 413; Moryson, Unpublished Itinerary, 365–366, 385; Sir Richard Carnac Temple and Lavina Mary Anstey, eds., The Travels of Peter Mundy in Europe and Asia, 1608–1667 (Londýn, 1914), IV, 169; Mr. Nugent, The Grand Tour, or, a Journey through the Netherlands, Germany, Italy and France ... (Londýn, 1756), I, 87; A Tour through Holland, etc. (Londýn, 1788), 80–81; John Barnes, A Tour throughout the Whole of France ... (Londýn, 1815), 6; NHCR I, 485; Matthiessen, Natten, 13, 31–32; Theodor Hampe, Crime and Punishment in Germany ... , prekl. Malcolm Letts (Londýn, 1929), 7–8.

42. Thomas Dekker, Villanies Discovered by Lanthorne and Candle-Light ... (Londýn, 1616); Walter George Bell, Unknown London (Londýn, 1966), 213; Félix-L. Tavernier, La Vie Quotidienne a Marseille de Louis XIV à Louis-Philippe (Paríž, 1973), 96; Hana Urbancová, „Nightwatchmen’s Songs as a Component of the Traditional Musical Culture“, Studies, 48 (2000), 14; John F. Curwen, Kirkbie-Kendall ... (Kendall, Eng., 1900), 116. Tiež pozri Einar Utzon Frank, ed., De Danske Vaegtervers (Kodaň, 1932).

43. Matthiessen, Natten, 48; Moryson, Unpublished Itinerary, 350.

44. Samuel Rowlands, Heavens Glory, Seeke It (Londýn, 1628); Henry Alexander, prekl., Four Plays by Holberg ... (Princeton, N.J., 1946), 170; „Insomnis“, PA, Oct. 8, 1767; Colm Lennon, Richard Stanyhurst the Dubliner, 1547–1618 (Blackrock, Ire., 1981), 147.

45. Second Report of the Record Commissioners of the City of Boston, Containing the Boston Records 1634–1660 ... (Boston, 1877), 151; Louis-Sébastien Mercier, The Picture of Paris Before & After the Revolution (New York, 1930), 132; Pounds, Culture, 132–134; Bridenbaugh, Cities in the Wilderness, 374; Schindler, Rebellion, 218; Jacques Rossiaud, „Prostitution, Youth, and Society in the Towns of Southeastern France in the Fifteenth Century“, Robert Forster a Orest Ranum, ed. Deviants and the Abandoned in French Society: Selections from the Annales Economies, Sociétés, Civilisations, prekl. Elborg Forster a Patricia Ranum (Baltimore, 1978), 45 n.85; Matthiessen, Natten, 115, 117.

46. Awnsham Churchill, comp., A Collection of Voyages and Travels ... (Londýn, 1745), I, 147; 11. sept. 1663, Pepys, denník, IV, 304.

47. Thomas Pennington, Continental Excursions ... (Londýn, 1809), I, 242; Fabian Philipps, Regale Necessarium: or the Legality, Reason and Necessity of the Rights and Priviledges Justly Claimed by the Kings Servants ... (Londýn, 1671), 580; William Edward Hartpole Lecky, A History of England in the Eighteenth Century (New York, 1892), II, 106–107; Edward Ward, Nuptial Dialogues and Debates ... (Londýn, 1723), 258; Shoemaker, Prosecution and Punishment, 264–265.

48. N. M. Karamzin, Letters of a Russian Traveler: 1789–1790 ... , prekl. Florence Jonas (New York, 1957), 305.

49. The Midnight-Ramble; or, the Adventures of Two Noble Females . . . (Londýn, 1754), 20; 19. sept. 1771, Basil Cozens-Hardy, ed., The Diary of Sylas Neville, 1767–1788 (Londýn, 1950), 117; Matthiessen, Natten, 23.

50. New England Courant (Boston), 16. nov. 1724. Skvelú rozpravu o presadzovaní práva v Londýne nájdete v Beattie, Policing, 77–225.

51. Walter Rye, ed., Extracts from the Court Books of the City of Norwich, 1666–1688 (Norwich, 1905), 140–141; OBP, 1. máj 1717, 5; A Report of the Record Commissioners of the City of Boston, Containing the Boston Records from 1660 to 1701 (Boston, 1895), 8; The Way to be Wiser ... (Londýn, 1705), 28; Urbancová, „Nightwatchmen’s Songs“, 6; Beattie, Policing, 172–174.

52. The Humourist: Being Essays Upon Several Subjects ... (Londýn, 1724), II, 88; Dekker, Writings, 107; Shakespeare, Much Ado About Nothing, III, 3, 56–57.

53. Thomas Brennan, Public Drinking and Popular Culture in Eighteenth-Century Paris (Princeton, N.J., 1988), 304; Legg, Low-Life, 15; Edward Phillips, The Mysteries of Love & Eloquence ... (Londýn, 1658), 101; ECR, VI, 439–440; Matthiessen, Natten, 41, 46; Walker, „Genève“, 76; Keith Wrightson, „Two Concepts of Order: Justices, Constables and Jurymen in Seventeenth-Century England“, John Brewer a John Styles, ed., An Ungovernable People: The English and Their Law in the Seventeenth and Eighteenth Centuries (Londýn, 1980), 21–46, na rôznych miestach.

54. Augusta Triumphans: or, the Way to Make London the Most Flourishing City in the Universe ... (Londýn, 1728), 47; Richard Mowery Andrews, Law, Magistracy, and Crime in Old Regime Paris, 1735–1789 (Cambridge, 1994), 521; Margaret J. Hoad, Portsmouth Record Series: Borough Sessions Papers, 1653–1688 (Londýn, 1971), 50; Janekovick-Römer, „Dubrovniks“, 107; Matthiessen, Natten, 137–139; Schindler, Rebellion, 218–219; De La Lande, Voyage en Italie, 122.

55. Herbert, Jaculum Prudentium: or Outlandish Proverbs ... (Londýn, 1651), 54.

56. Jean Carbonnier, Flexible Droit: Textes Pour une Sociologie de Droit sans Rigueur (Paríž, 1976), 46–51.

57. S. P. Scott, ed. a prekl., The Civil Law: Including the Twelve Tables ... (New York, 1973), I, 58; Crusius, Nocte, ch. 7.3, 7 na rôznych miestach, 13.6, 15.3; Ripae, Noctunro Tempore, na rôznych miestach; Nina Gockerell, „Telling Time without a Clock“, v podaní Mauricea a Mayra, Clockwork Universe, 137.

58. Matthew Hale, Historia Placitorum Coronae: The History of the Pleas of the Crown (1736; rpt. edn., Londýn, 1971), I, 547; David H. Flaherty, Privacy in Colonial New England (Charlottesville, Va., 1972), 88; Matthew Bacon and Henry Gwillim, A New Abridgement of the Law (Londýn, 1807), II, 346.

59. Legg, Low-Life, 101.

60. Ripae, Nocturno Tempore, ch. 91.11; DUR, Dec. 23, 1785; Tommaso Astarita, Village Justice: Community, Family, and Popular Culture in Early Modern Italy(Baltimore, 1999), 153–154; Patricia H. Labalme, „Sodomy and Venetian Justice in the Renaissance“, Legal History Review 52 (1984), 221–222; Samuel Cohn, „Criminality and the State in Renaissance Florence, 1344–1466“, JSH 14 (1980), 222; Guido Ruggiero, Violence in Early Renaissance Venice (New Brunswick, N.J., 1980), 6, 19; Matthiessen, Natten, 137; Aug. 17, 1497, Landucci, ed., Florentine Diary, prekl. Jervis, 125–126.

61. Bowsky, „Medieval Commune“, 4; Ripae, Nocturno Tempore, ch. 24:3, na rôznych miestach; JRAI, I and II, na rôznych miestach; High Court of Justiciary, Small Papers, Main Series, JC 26/42–43, na rôznych miestach, Scottish Record Office, Edinburgh; Julius R. Ruff, Crime, Justice and Public Order in Old Regime France: The Sénéchaussées of Libourne and Bazas, 1696–1789 (Londýn, 1984), 115; Matthiessen, Natten, 129.

62. Beattie, Crime, 148; Ian W. Archer, The Pursuit of Stability: Social Relations in Elizabethan London (Cambridge, 1991), 247; Ian Cameron, Crime and Repression in the Auvergne and the Guyenne, 1720–1790 (Cambridge, 1981), 155–156; Edgar J. McManus, Law and Liberty in Early New England: Criminal Justice and Due Process, 1620–1692 (Amherst, Mass., 1993), 30–31.

63. „Justus Sed Humanus“, London Magazine, apríl 1766, 204; Sir William Blackstone, Commentaries on the Laws of England, ed. William Draper Lewis (Phildadelphia, 1902), IV, 1579; Scott, ed. a prekl., Civil Law, 59; Katherine Fischer Drew, prekl., The Lombard Laws (Philadelphia, 1973), 58; F.R.P. Akehurst, ed., The Coutumes de Beauvaisis of Philippe de Beaumanoir (Philadelphia, 1992), 429–430; Ripae, Nocturno Tempore, ch. 24; Crusius, Nocte, ch. 11.5–8; Samuel E. Thorne, ed., Bracton on the Laws and Customs of England (Cambridge, Mass., 1968), II, 408; Porret, Crime et ses Circonstances, 288–289.

64. Lottin, Chavatte, 356; JRAI, II, 488; Blackstone, Commentaries, ed. Lewis, IV, 1618.

65. An Effectual Scheme for the Immediate Preventing of Street Robberies, and Suppressing All Other Disorders of the Night ... (Londýn, 1731), 62; Edmond-Jean-François Barbier, Journal d’un Bourgeois de Paris sous le Règne de Louis XV (Paríž, 1963), 169; Matthiessen, Natten, 12; Jeffry Kaplow, The Names of Kings: The Parisian Laboring Poor in the Eighteenth Century (New York, 1972), 22–23.

ŠTVRTÁ KAPITOLA

1. 6. apr. 1745, Parkman, denník, 114.

2. Bräker, Life, 67; John Milton, Complete Prose Works (New Haven, 1953), I, 228; Nina Gockerell, „Telling Time without a Clock“, in Klaus Maurice and Otto Mayr, eds., The Clockwork Universe: German Clocks and Automata, 1550–1650 (New York, 1980), 131–143.

3. Giambattista Basile, The Pentamerone ... , ed. a prekl. Stith Thompson (1932; rpt. edn., Westport, Ct., 1979), I, 297; Randle Cotgrave, A Dictionarie of the French and English Tongues (Londýn, 1611), Muchembled, Violence, 53; Thomas Hardy, The Woodlanders (1887; rpt. edn., Londýn, 1991), 99–100; Gockerell, „Telling Time“, 134–136.

4. Phineas Fletcher, The Purple Island, or the Isle of Man (n.p., 1633), 46; Wilson J. Litchfield, The Litchfield Family in America (Southbridge, Mass., 1906), V, 344; 30. sept. 1774, Patten, denník, 330, 385.

5. Henry Swinburne, Travels in the Two Siciliies ... (Londýn, 1783), II, 269; William Sewell, A Large Dictionary English and Dutch (Amsterdam, 1708), 79; Shakespeare, Macbeth, I, 5, 51.

6. „Fantasticks“, Breton, Works, II, 15.

7. Oct. 23, 1676, Sewall, Diary, I, 28; 10. máj 1776, Andrew Oliver, ed., The Journal of Samuel Curwen, Loyalist (Cambridge, Mass., 1972), 156; Philippe Contamine, „Peasant Hearth to Papal Palace: The Fourteenth and Fifteenth Centuries“, in HPL II, 499; W. Carew Hazlitt, ed., English Proverbs and Proverbial Phrases ... (Londýn, 1882), 291.

8. Barbara A. Hanawalt, The Ties That Bound: Peasant Families in Medieval England (New York, 1986), 44; Sir Edward Coke, The Reports ... (Londýn, 1658), 453; Burt, Letters, II, 206.

9. OBP, Apr. 29–1. máj 1747, 152, 14. máj 1741, 12, 15.-17. júl 1767, 244; David Ogborne, The Merry Midnight Mistake, or Comfortable Conclusion (Chelmsford, Angl., 1765), 34; Timothy J. Casey, ed., Jean Paul: A Reader, prekl. Erika Casey (Baltimore, 1992), 338; FLEMT, xi–xii.

10. Pounds, Home, 184–186; Hanawalt, Ties That Bound, 38; A Warning for House-Keepers ... (n.p., 1676), 4.

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12. Edward Clarke, Letters Concerning the Spanish Nation ... (Londýn, 1763), 344; 20. jún 1766, denník p. Tracyho a p. Dentanda, Bodl.; John Fielding, Thieving Detected ... (Londýn, 1777), 9; Monsieur du Sorbiere, A Voyage to England ... (Londýn, 1709), 11.

13. Paolo Da Certaldo, Libro di Buoni Costumi, ed. Alfredo Schiaffini (Florencia, 1945), 30; 12. nov., 21. okt. 1666, Pepys, denník, VII, 367, 336; Ann Feddon, 20. apr. 1751, Assi 45/24/3/42; John Cooper, 13. dec. 1765, Assi 45/28/2/137; Contamine, „Peasant Hearth to Papal Palace“, 502; Eugen Weber, „Fairies and Hard Facts: The Reality of Folktales“, Journal of the History of Ideas 42 (1981), 101–102.

14. 13. dec. 1672, Isham, Diary, 175; John Worlidge, Systema Agriculturae; The Mystery of Husbandry Discovered ... (1675; rpt. edn., Los Angeles, 1970), 221; London Gazette, 1. okt. 1694; John Houghton, A Collection for Improvement of Husbandry and Trade, 20. júl 1694; William Hamlet, The Plan and Description of a Machine ... against Fire and House-breaking (Birmingham, 1786).

15. C. G. Crump, ed., The History of the Life of Thomas Ellwood (New York, 1900), 7; An Account of a Most Barbarous Murther and Robbery ... 25th of October, 1704 (Londýn, 1704/1705); OED, s.v. „bedstaff“; Francis Bamford, ed., A Royalist’s Notebook: The Commonplace Book of Sir John Oglander (New York, 1971), 55; Ruff, Violence, 49.

16. 21. mar. 1763, Frederick A. Pottle, ed., Boswell’s London Journal, 1762–1763 (New York, 1950), 224; Leonard R. N. Ashley, ed., A Narrative of the Life of Mrs. Charlotte Charke ... (1755; rpt. edn., Gainesville, Fla., 1969), 45; J. S. Cockburn, „Patterns of Violence in English Society: Homicide in Kent, 1560–1985“, PP130 (1991), 86–87.

17. Thoresby, denník, I, 345; George Murray, 10. jan. 1778, Assi 45/33/2/150; Oct. 25, 1704, A. H. Quint, „Journal of the Reverend John Pike“, Massachusetts Historical Society Proceedings, 1st Ser., 14 (1875–1876), 139; The Province and Court Records of Maine (Portland, Maine, 1958), IV, 341.

18. OED, s.v. „bandog“; Harrison, Description, 339–348; Thomas Kirk and Ralph Thoresby, Tours in Scotland, 1677 & 1681, ed. P. Hume Brown (Edinburgh, 1892), 27; OBP, 9.-11. apr. 1746, 118; Keith Thomas, Man and the Natural World (New York, 1983), 101–104; Mrs. Reginald Heber, The Life of Reginald Heber ... (New York, 1830), I, 217; George Sand, Story of My Life ... , ed. Thelma Jurgrau (Albánsko, 1991), 631.

19. Augustin Gallo, Secrets de la Vraye Agriculture ... (Paríž, 1572), 204; Harrison, Description, 343; Daniel Defoe, Street-Robberies Consider’d ... , (1728; rpt. edn. Stockton, N.J., 1973), 68; M. Conradus Heresbachius, comp., Foure Bookes of Husbandry, prekl. Barnabe Googe, (Londýn, 1577), fo. 154–156; Charles Stevens a John Liebrault, Maison Rustique, or, the Countrey Farme, prekl. Richard Surflet (Londýn, 1616), 120–122; Worlidge, Systema Agriculturae, 162, 222; Times, 16. jan. 1790.

20. Campion, The Discription of a Maske (Londýn, 1607).

21. 2. aug. 1708, Cowper, Diary; Thomas, Religion and the Decline of Magic, na rôznych miestach, esp. 493–497.

22. George Peele, The Old Wives Tale, ed. Patricia Binnie (Manchester, 1980), 42 n. 104; Edward Young, Night Thoughts, ed. Stephen Cornford (Cambridge, 1989), 121; Casey, ed., Jean Paul, prekl. Casey, 338; R. Sherlock, The Practical Christian ... (Londýn, 1699), 322; Taillepied, Ghosts, 169.

23. W. M., Hesperi-neso-graphia: or, a Description of the Western Isle ... (Londýn, 1716), 8; Thomas, Religion and the Decline of Magic, 496–497; Robert Muchembled, „Popular Culture“, in Robert Muchembled et al., Popular Culture (Danbury, Ct., 1994), 11.

24. SAS, V, 335; C. Scott Dixon, The Reformation and Rural Society: The Parishes of Brandenburg-Ansbach-Kulmbach, 1528–1603 (Cambridge, 1996), 183, 180–181, 194–195; George Saintsbury, ed., The Works of John Dryden (Edinburgh, 1884), IX, 443; Thomas, Religion and the Decline of Magic, 222–231; Burke, Popular Culture, na rôznych miestach.

25. OED, s.v. „night-spell“; Minor White Latham, The Elizabethan Fairies: The Fairies of Folklore and the Fairies of Shakespeare (1930; rpt. edn., New York, 1972), 38; Ralph Merrifield, The Archaeology of Ritual and Magic (Londýn, 1987), 137–158.

26. Scott, Witchcraft, 27; Catherine Maloney, „A Witch-Bottle from Dukes Place, Aldgate“, Transactions of the London & Middlesex Archaeological Society 31 (1980), 157–159; John Demos, Remarkable Providences: Readings on Early American History (Boston, 1991), 437–438; Merrifield, Archaeology, 159–178.

27. Roderick A. McDonald, The Economy and Material Culture of Slaves: Goods and Chattels on the Sugar Plantations of Jamaica and Louisiana (Baton Rouge, 1993), 40; Carla Mulford et al., eds., Early American Writings (New York, 2002), 508.

28. Anna Brzozowska-Krajka, Polish Traditional Folklore: The Magic of Time (Boulder, Colo, 1998), 122; Matthiessen, Natten, 100; Anonym, cestovný denník, 1795, Chetham’s Library, Manchester, Eng.; OED, s.v. „mezuzah“.

29. Sewall, denník, I, 400; David D. Hall, „The Mental World of Samuel Sewall“, in David Hall et al., eds., Saints & Revolutionaries: Essays on Early American History (New York, 1984), 80; Brand 1848, II, 73, III, 20–21; Kingsley Palmer, The Folklore of Somerset (Totowa, N.J., 1976), 45; Mrs. Gutch, County Folk-Lore: Examples of Printed Folk-Lore Concerning the East Riding of Yorkshire (Londýn, 1912), 64; Karl Wegert, Popular Culture, Crime, and Social Control in 18th Century Württemberg (Stuttgart, 1994), 71.

30. Trenchard, The Natural History of Superstition (Londýn, 1709), 24; Thomas, Religion and the Decline of Magic, 636–637, 647–648.

31. UM, máj 1751, 220.

32. Henry Bull, comp., Christian Prayers and Holy Meditations ... (Cambridge, 1842), 75.

33. BC, 1. júl 1761; Brand 1848, III, 180–182, 228; Brzozowska-Krajka, Polish Folklore, 67, 204; R.W. Scribner, Popular Culture and Popular Movements in Reformation Germany (Londýn, 1987), 32; Mrs. M. MacLeod Banks, British Calendar Customs: Scotland (Londýn, 1941), III, 112, 116–117; e-mail z 29. jan. 2002 od Davida Bromwicha, Somerset Archaeological and Natural History Society, Taunton, Eng.; Muchembled, „Popular Culture“, 24.

34. 7. dec. 1758, Dyer, denník; 3. jún 1662, Pepys, denník, III, 101; Ian Cameron, Crime and Repression in the Auvergne and the Guyenne, 1720–1790 (Cambridge, 1981), 127.

35. Eugen Weber, Peasants into Frenchmen: The Modernization of Rural France, 1870–1914 (Stanford, Calif., 1976), 161; Pounds, Culture, 109–117; Roche, Consumption, 125–130; Raffaella Sarti, Europe at Home: Family and Material Culture, 1500–1800, prekl. Allan Cameron (New Haven, 2002), 92–93.

36. William Carr, ed., The Dialect of Craven, in the West-Riding of the County of York (Londýn, 1828), I, 30; Joseph Lawson, Letters to the Young on Progress in Pudsey during the Last Sixty Years (Stanningley, Angl., 1887), 23; Annik Pardailhe Galabrun, The Birth of Intimacy: Privacy and Domestic Life in Early Modern Paris, prekl. Jocelyn Phelps (Philadelphia, 1991), 120.

37. Pounds, Culture, 110–112; Roche, Consumption, 130–131; Tobias George Smollett, Travels through France and Italy, ed. Frank Felsentein (Oxford, 1979), 209.

38. John Earl Perceval, The English Travels of Sir John Percival and William Byrd II, ed. Mark R. Wenger (Columbia, Mo., 1989), 137; Defoe, Tour, II, 676; Mr. Ozell, prekl., M. Misson’s Memoirs and Observations in His Travels over England (Londýn, 1719), 37–39; Celia Fiennes, The Illustrated Journeys of Celia Fiennes, 1685–c.1712 (Londýn, 1982), 147, 161; Joan Thirsk, The Agrarian History of England and Wales (Londýn, 1967), IV, 453.

39. Caroline Davidson, A Woman’s Work is Never Done: A History of Housework in the British Isles, 1650–1950 (Londýn, 1982), 73–75; SAS, V, 424, XII, 297, 747; SAI, I, 4, 198; James Ayres, Domestic Interiors: The British Tradition, 1500–1850 (New Haven, 2003), 16.

40. SAS, XVIII, 480; Edward Ward, A Journey to Scotland ... (Londýn, 1699), 9; Thirsk, Agrarian History, IV, 453; Davidson, Woman’s Work, 81–87; E. Veryard, An Account of Divers Choice Remarks ... in a Journey . . . (Londýn, 1701), 19; Paul Zumthor, Daily Life in Rembrandt’s Holland (New York, 1963), 45–46, 302.

41. Robert W. Malcolmson, Life and Labour in England, 1700–1780 (New York, 1981), 46–47; Davidson, Woman’s Work, 76–77; Carl Bridenbaugh, Vexed and Troubled Englishmen, 1590–1642 (New York, 1967), 99.

42. Llewellynn Jewitt, ed., The Life of William Hutton ... (Londýn, 1872), 160; Davidson, Woman’s Work, 101.

43. Pounds, Culture, 120; A. Alvarez, Night: Night Life, Night Language, Sleep, and Dreams (New York, 1995), 6.

44. Anne Elizabeth Baker, comp., Glossary of Northamptonshire Words and Phrases (Londýn, 1854), I, 89; Wilson, English Proverbs, 377.

45. Joan Wildeblood a Peter Brinson, The Polite World: A Guide to English Manners and Deportment from the Thirteenth to the Nineteenth Century (Londýn, 1965), 84; Witold Rybczynski, Home: A Short History of an Idea (New York, 1986), 138; O’Dea, Lighting, 217. Suma 28 000 livier zhruba predstavovala ekvivalent 900 anglických libier. W. S. Lewis et al., eds., Horace Walpole’s Correspondence with Hannah More . . . (New Haven, 1961), 80. Cenu sviec v Anglicku nájdete v Lord Beveridge et al., Prices and Wages in England: From the Twelfth to the Nineteenth Century (Londýn, 1939), I, na rôznych miestach.

46. Eric Sloane, Seasons of America Past (New York, 1958), 107; Shakespeare, Cybleline, I, 6, 110–111; O’Dea, Lighting, 35–37, 43; Crowley, Comfort, 112–115; Davidson, Woman’s Work, 104–105, 110; R. D. Oliver Heslop, comp., Northumberland Words . . . (Londýn, 1894), II, 666; S. K. Tillyard, Aristocrats: Caroline, Emily, Louisa, and Sarah Lennox, 1740–1832 (New York, 1994), 202.

47. 1. nov. 1794, 25. dec. 1799, Woodforde, denník, IV, 150, V, 231.

48. 8 Anne c.9; Sarti, Europe at Home, prekl. Cameron, 105.

49. Cobbett, Cottage Economy . . . (1926; rpt. edn., New York, 1970), 144; SAS, V, 335; Gilbert White, The Natural History and Antiquities of Selborne ... (1789; rpt. edn., Menston, Angl., 1972), 197–199; John Caspall, Making Fire and Light in the Home Pre-1820 (Woodbridge, Angl., 1987), 171–179.

50. „A Dissertation on the Instruments that Communicate Light“, UM, May, 1749, 229; Max J. Okenfuss, ed., The Travel Diary of Peter Tolstoi, a Muscovite in Early Modern Europe (DeKalb, Ill., 1987), 304; 8. okt. 1773, Frederick A. Pottle and Charles H. Bennett, eds., Boswell’s Journal of a Tour to the Hebrides with Samuel Johnson, L.L.D., 1773 (New York, 1961), 281; Pinkerton, Travels, I, 766, III, 587; O’Dea, Lighting, 40–41; Crowley, Comfort, 111–113; Davidson, Woman’s Work, 106, 109; Maurice Vaussard, Daily Life in Eighteenth Century Italy, prekl. Michael Heron (New York, 1963), 194.

51. Caspall, Making Fire and Light, 176; Journal of James Robertson, 1767, 91–92, Manuscripts, Národná knižnica Škótska, Edinburgh; “16th Century Lighting in Sweden“, Rushlight 15 (1949), 4; Rushlight 39 (1973), 8; Jean Kathryn Berger, „The Daily Life of the Household in Medieval Novgorod (Rusko)“ (Ph.D. diss., Univ. of Minnesota, 1998), 92–94; Davidson, Woman’s Work, 107–108; James Brome, Travels over England, Scotland and Wales (Londýn, 1700), 99, 218; Perceval, English Travels, ed. Wenger, 139; Burt, Letters, II, 127–128; Ménétra, Journal, 32.

52. Everett Emerson, ed., Letters from New England: The Massachusetts Bay Colony, 1629–1638 (Amherst, Mass., 1976), 36; Thomas Coulson, „The Story of Domestic Lighting“, Journal of the Franklin Institute 256 (1953), 207–208; Caspall, Fire and Light, 262.

53. Tilley, Proverbs in England, 144; 6. jún 1712, Louis B. Wright and Marion Tinling, eds., The Secret Diary of William Byrd of Westover, 1709–1712 (Richmond, 1941), 540.

54. Garnert, Lampan, 104–105, 278–279; Magnús Gíslason, Kvällsvaka: En Isländsk Kulturtradition Belyst Genom Studier i Bondebefolkningens Vardagsliv ... (Uppsala, 1977), 144, 149; Jonathan Swift, Directions to Servants: and Miscellaneous Pieces, 1733–1742, ed. Herbert John Davis (Oxford, 1959), 20.

55. George Washington Greene, ed., The Works of Joseph Addison (Philadelphia, 1883), I, 314; O’Dea, Lighting, 2; Domestic Management ... (Londýn, bez datovania), 22, 48.

56. J. J. Evans, ed., Welsh Proverbs: A Selection, with English Translations (Llandysul, Wales, 1965), 31; Jean-Jacques Rousseau, Emile: or On Education, prekl. Allan Bloom (New York, 1979), 133; Craufurd Tait Ramage, Ramage in South Italy ... , ed. Edith Clay (Londýn, 1965), 150; Garnert, Lampan, 76–77; Robert Cleaver, A Godly Forme of Houshold Government (Londýn, 1621); Tour of Sotterley Plantation, Md., 11. okt. 1992.

57. Alice Morse Earle, Customs and Fashions in Old New England (1893; rpt. edn., Detroit, 1968), 127; Henry Davidoff, World Treasury of Proverbs ... (New York, 1946), 81; UM, máj, 1751, 220; Peter Thornton, The Italian Renaissance Interior, 1400–1600 (New York, 1991), 276; Moryson, Itinerary, IV, 201–202.

58. Cotgrave, Dictionarie.

59. Ruff, Violence, 76; Rétif de la Brétonne, My Father’s Life, prekl. Richard Veasey (Gloucester, Eng., 1986), 6; Rudolf Dekker, Childhood, Memory and Autobiography in Holland: From the Golden Age to Romanticism (New York, 2000), 33.

60. 30. apr. 1645, Josselin, denník, 39; 18. máj 1668, Pepys, denník, IX, 204.

61. James Gregory, 26. nov. 1773, Assi 45/31/2; 6., 11. sept. 1794, 6. jún 1795, Drinker, denník, I, 590, 592, 689; 2. dec. 1766 a 8. feb. 1767, Cole, denník, 161, 184.

62. Vittore Branca, ed., Mercanti Scrittori: Ricordi Nella Firenze Tra Medioevo e Rinascimento (Miláno, 1986), 379; 31. mar. 1771, Carter, denník, I, 554–555; 15. dec. 1780, 14. apr. 1781, 13. apr. 1785, 28. dec. 1794, 14. a 17. mar. 1795, Woodforde, denník, I, 298, 307, II, 184, IV, 163, 182, 183.

63. Pinkerton, Travels, II, 94; 20. máj 1786, Denník Samuela Adamsa, 1758–1819, New York Public Library, a na rôznych miestach; 7. jún 1745, Kay, denník, 97, a na rôznych miestach.

64. Laurel Thatcher Ulrich, „Martha Ballard and Her Girls: Women’s Work in Eighteenth-Century Maine“, in Stephen Innes, ed., Work and Labor in Early America (Chapel Hill, N.C., 1988), 70; D. B. Horn a Mary Ransome, eds., English Historical Documents, 1714–1783 (New York, 1957), 671–672; 10. apr. 1785, 1. okt. 1804, „Mrs. Ballard’s Diary“, in Charles E. Nash, The History of Augusta, Maine (Augusta, Maine, 1904), 237, 421, a na rôznych miestach; PL, 22. okt. 1765; Laurel Thatcher Ulrich, A Midwife’s Tale: The Life of Martha Ballard, Based on Her Diary, 1785–1812 (New York, 1990), 203; Anthony F. Aveni, Empires of Time: Calendars, Clocks, and Cultures (New York, 1989), 35.

65. 1. apr. 1657, Josselin, denník, 395; 14. apr. 1768, Woodforde, denník, I, 74.

66. Abel Boyer, Dictionaire Royal ... (Amsterdam, 1719); Marvin Lowenthal, prekl., The Memoirs of Glückel of Hameln (n.p., 1932), 120; Frank D. Prager, ed., The Autobiography of John Fitch (Philadelphia, 1976), 41; Mary J. Dobson, Contours of Death and Disease in Early Modern England (New York, 1997), 274–276.

67. Paroimiographia (angl.), 8; 6. apr. 1669, East Anglian Diaries, 119; Benjamin Franklin, Writings, ed. J. A. Leo Lemay (New York, 1987), 221; Thoresby, denník, I, 7.

68. Smith, De Republica Anglorum, ed. Mary Dewar (Cambridge, 1982), 107; OBP, na rôznych miestach; Brettone, Father’s Life, prekl. Veasey, 119; Henry Brisker, 9. apr. 1766, Assi 45/28/2/124; Elizabeth S. Cohen, „Honor and Gender in the Streets of Early Modern Rome“, JIH 22 (1992), 614.

69. 13. dec. 1672, Isham, denník, 175; Henry Preston, Assi 45/14/1/135; OBP, Apr. 24–27, 1745, 137.

70. OBP, 10. máj 1722, 7; Select Trials, I, 305.

71. ECR, VIII, 101; OBP, 16.-21. okt. 1728, 15. apr. 1724, 4–5, 8.-14. apr. 1752, 131.

72. Jean-Louis Flandrin, Families in Former Times: Kinship, Household and Sexuality, prekl. Richard Southern (Cambridge, 1979), 44; 5. okt. 1725, Sanderson, denník, 80–81; OBP, 16.-18. jan. 1745, 62–63; Samuel H. Baron, ed. a prekl., The Travels of Olearius in Seventeenth-Century Russia (Stanford, Calif., 1967), 150. Tiež pozri A. Voisin, „Notes sur la Vie Urbaine au XV. Siécle: Dijon la Nuit“, Annales de Bourgogne 9 (1937), 276.

73. Bonaventure Des Périers, Cymbalum Mundi: Four Very Ancient Joyous and Facetious Poetic Dialogues (New York, 1965), 66. Tiež pozri OBP, 2.-5. máj 1739, 86; Select Trials, III, 336; The Authentick Tryals at large of John Swan and Elizabeth Jeffryes ... (Londýn, 1752), 10, 11.

PIATA KAPITOLA

1. Davenant, The Platonick Lovers (Londýn, 1636).

2. 28. aug. 1624, Beck, denník, 159–160; 27. nov. 1683, Heywood, denníky, II, 341; Sandford Fleming, Children & Puritanism (New York, 1969), 148.

3. Suzanne Chantal, La Vie Quotidienne au Portugal, après le Tremblement de Terre de Lisbonne de 1755 (Paríž, 1962), 245.

4. 24. dec. 1647, Yorkshire Diaries & Autobiographies in the Seventeenth and Eighteenth Centuries (Durham, Angl., 1886), 81–82; 5. jan. 1763, Frederick A. Pottle, ed., Boswell’s London Journal, 1762–1763 (New York, 1950), 125; 7.-31. aug. 1732, Clegg, denník, I, 151–152.

5. Samuel Briggs, The Essays, Humor, and Poems of Nathaniel Ames, Father and Son, of Dedham, Massachusetts, from Their Almanacks, 1726–1775 (Cleveland, 1891), 67; 21. máj 1707, Cowper, Diary; Robert W. Malcolmson, Life and Labour in England, 1700–1780 (New York, 1981), 95–96; Burke, Popular Culture; Robert Muchembled, Popular Culture and Elite Culture in France, 1400–1750, prekl. Lydia Cochrane (Baton Rouge, 1985), 1–107.

6. Rousseau, Emile: or On Education, prekl. Allan Bloom (New York, 1979), 63.

7. Bacon, Essays (Oxford, 1930), 3; Le Loyer, Specters, fo. 105; Lucretius, On the Nature of Things: De Rerum Nautra, ed. and prekl. Anthony M. Esolen (Baltimore, 1995), 93; Leon Battista Alberti, The Family in Renaissance Florence, prekl. Renée Neu Watkins (Columbia, S.C., 1969), 63.

8. Bacon, Essays, 3; Scott, Witchcraft, 139; Herman W. Roodenburg, „The Autobiography of Isabella de Moerloose: Sex, Childrearing, and Popular Belief in Seventeenth Century Holland“, JSH 18 (1985), 522, 521, 523–524; Rudolf Dekker, Childhood, Memory and Autobiography in Holland: From the Golden Age to Romanticism (New York 2000), 28, 81–84; Mark Motley, Becoming a French Aristocrat: The Education of the Court Nobility, 1580–1715 (Princeton, N.J., 1990), 48–49.

9. H. C. Barnard, prekl., Fénelon on Education (Cambridge, 1966), 8; Pinkerton, Travels, II, 757; Timothy J. Casey, ed., Jean Paul: A Reader, prekl. Erika Casey (Baltimore, 1992), 339; Olwen Hufton, „Women, Work, and Family“, in HWW III, 40; Linda A. Pollock, „Parent-Child Relations“, in FLEMT, 197.

10. Thomas Bewick, A Memoir of Thomas Bewick, ed. Iain Bain (Londýn, 1975), 16.

11. Dialogues on the Passions, Habits, and Affections Peculiar to Children ... (Londýn, 1748), 40; William Hazlitt and Elbridge Colby, eds., The Life of Thomas Holcroft (New York, 1968), I, 14–15. Tiež pozri Hibernicus; or Memoirs of an Irishman ... (Pittsburgh, 1828).

12. Rousseau, Emile, prekl. Bloom, 137; Mollie Harris, A Kind of Magic (Londýn, 1969), 104–105; Restif de la Bretonne, Monsieur Nicolas; or, the Human Heart Laid Bare (Londýn, 1966), 29; Autobiography of John Younger, Shoemaker, St. Boswells (Kelso, Eng., 1881), 45; Mrs. Laura M., Oct. 7, 14, 1938, „Game Songs and Rhymes“, American Life Histories: Manuscripts from the Federal Writers’ Project, 1936–1940, Manuscripts Division, Library of Congress, Washington, D.C.; Percy B. Green, A History of Nursery Rhymes (1899; rpt. edn., Detroit, 1968), 78–80.

13. Thomas Balston, The Life of Jonathan Martin ... (Londýn, 1945), 3. Tiež pozri napr. Joseph Bougerel, Vie de Pierre Gassendi ... (1737; rpt. edn., Geneva, 1970), 3.

14. Torriano, Proverbi, 171.

15. 7. mar. 1787, Diary of Dr. Samuel Adams, Diary, 1758–1819, New York Public Library; Jan. 4, 1705, Cowper, Diary.

16. Griffiths, Youth, 135; Robert Morgan, My Lamp Still Burns (Llandysul, Wales, 1981), 64; Bräker, Life, 57–58, 63, 67; Ménétra, Journal, 24; Valentin Jamerey-Duval, Memoires: Enfance et Éducation d’un Paysan au XVIIIe Siècle, ed. Jean Marie Goulemot (Paríž, 1981), 114; Pounds, Culture, 273–274, 409.

17. Joachim Schlör, Nights in the Big City: Paris, Berlin, London 1840–1930, prekl. Pierre Gottfried Imhof a Dafydd Rees Roberts (Londýn, 1998), 57; Alberti, Family in Renaissance Florence, prekl. Watkins, 107.

18. PG, 11. feb. 1789.

19. OED, s.v. „cat’s eye“; T. Row, „Hints for Constructing Glasses to Shew Objects in the Night“, GM, 1777, 59; Lorus Johnson Milne and Margery Joan Milne, The World of Night (New York, 1956), 8–9; Faber Birren, The Power of Color . . . (Secaucus, N.J., 1997), 228–229. See also C. E. Roybet, ed., Les Serées de Guillaume Bouchet Sieur de Brocourt (Paríž, 1874), III, 238–239.

20. John Caspall, Making Fire and Light in the Home Pre-1820 (Woodbridge, Eng., 1987), 223–227; O’Dea, Lighting, 70–76.

21. 15. nov. 1729, Sanderson, Diary, 30; OBP, Apr. 4, 1733, 119; Thomas Wright, The Homes of Other Days: A History of Domestic Manners and Sentiments in England . . . (New York, 1871), 460.

22. Eric Partridge, A Dictionary of the Underworld ... (New York, 1950), 448; Eugène Defrance, Histoire de l’Éclairage des Rues de Paris (Paríž, 1904), 30–33; Christopher Hibbert, Venice: The Biography of a City (New York, 1989), 166; Jeremy D. Popkin, ed., Panorama of Paris: Selections from Le Tableau de Paris, Louis-Sébastien Mercier (University Park, Pa., 1999), 132.

23. Defoe, Second Thoughts Are Best ... (Londýn, 1729), 15; G. C. Faber, ed., The Poetical Works of John Gay . . . (Londýn, 1926), 81; Popkin, ed., Panorama of Paris, 132; The Novels and Miscellaneous Works of Daniel Defoe (Londýn, 1885), 515.

24. OBP, Oct. 4, 1719, 5.

25. Donald E. Crawford, ed., Journals of Sir John Lauder (Edinburgh, 1900), 120; Harry Ross-Lewin, With „The Thirty-Second“ in the Peninsular and other Campaigns, ed. John Wardell (Dublin, 1904), 146.

26. Torriano, Proverbi, 89; Shakespeare, Venus and Adonis, 825–826. Lokality neustále obmedzovali používanie pochodní. Kvôli nebezpečenstvu ohňa z otvorených plameňov začali mestá koncom 17. storočia používať lampáše. Štokholm v roku 1725 vyhradil pochodne pre kráľovskú rodinu. Matthiessen, Natten, 28.

27. Tilley, Proverbs in England, 471; Anne Elizabeth Baker, comp. Glossary of Northamptonshire Words and Phrases ... (Londýn, 1854), 95; G. F. Northall, comp., A Warwickshire Word-Book ... (1896; rpt. edn., Vaduz, Liecht, 1965), 167; J. W. Goethe, Italian Journey, 1786–1788 (New York, 1968), 325; OED, s.v. „night-sun“.

28. Victor Hugo Paltsits, „Journal of Benjamin Mifflin on a Tour from Philadelphia to Delaware and Maryland, July 26 to Aug. 14, 1762“, Bulletin of the New York Public Library 39 (1935), 438; Mary Yates, Dec. 11, 1764, Assi 45/28/1/16.

29. William Dickinson, comp., A Glossary of Words and Phrases Pertaining to the Dialect of Cumberland (Londýn, 1878), 103; OBP, Sept. 15–18, 1762, 164; Street Lighting Manual: Prepared by the Street and Highway Lighting Committee of the Edison Electric Institute (New York, 1969), 63–64; Milne and Milne, World of Night, 10.

30. Robert Bator, Masterworks of Children’s Literature, 1740–1836: The Middle Period (New York, 1983), 254; „A.B.“, SJC, Sept. 13, 1764; Margaret Spufford, Small Books and Pleasant Histories: Popular Fiction and Its Readership in Seventeenth-Century England (Atény, Ga., 1981), 2; Michael O’Malley, „Time, Work and Task Orientation: A Critique of American Historiography“, Time & Society 1 (1992), 350.

31. Bradford Torrey, ed. The Writings of Henry David Thoreau (Boston, 1906), II, 372; 21. nov. 1786, Woodforde, denník, II, 284; Edward Browne, Journal of a Visit to Paris in the Year 1664, ed. Geoffrey Keynes (Londýn, 1923), 22; 28. feb. 1664, Pepys, denník, V, 68, I–IX, na rôznych miestach; Swift, Journal, I, 356, na rôznych miestach; 9. nov. 1792, Dorothy Heighes Woodforde, ed., Woodforde Papers and Diaries (Londýn, 1932), 80.

32. OBP, 8. dec. 1742, 16; OED, s.v. „shepherd’s lamp“; John Clare, Cottage Tales, ed. Eric Robinson et al. (Manchester, 1993), 88; Baker, comp., Northamptonshire Glossary, III, 225; H. J. Deverson, ed., Journey into Night (New York, 1966), 138; OBP, 30.-31. máj 1745.

33. Universal Magazine of Knowledge and Pleasure 12 (jan. 1753), 3; OED, s.v. „Milky Way“, „Walsingham“, „Watling-street“; Eveline Camilla Gurdon, Suffolk(Londýn, 1893), 166; „Impressions of a Night Sky Unaffected by Light Pollution“, International Dark-Sky Association, Information Sheet #111, Web: www.darksky.org.

34. Torrey, ed., Thoreau Writings, II, 383.

35. 24. jún 1801, Drinker, denník, II, 1422; M. McGrath, ed., Cinnine Amhiaoibh Ui Shuileabháin: The Diary of Humphrey O’Sullivan (Londýn, 1936–1937), I–IV, na rôznych miestach; Peter Barber, „Journal of a Traveller in Scotland, 1795–1796“, Scottish Historical Review 36 (1957), 43.

36. Mansie Wauch, The Life of Mansie Wauch, Tailor in Dalkeith (Edinburgh, 1827), 85; ECR, VIII, 387; William H. Cope, ed., A Glossary of Hampshire Words and Phrases (1883; rpt. edn., Vaduz, Liecht., 1965), 23; Walter W. Skeat, ed., A Collection of English Words . . . (Londýn, 1874), 57, 87, 93; Baker, comp., Northamptonshire Words and Phrases, II, 119; Frederic Thomas Elsworthy, comp., The West Somerset Word-Book ... (1886; rpt. edn., Vaduz, Liecht., 1965), 575; 18. jan. 1666, Pepys, denník, VII, 18; Giuseppe Marco Antonio Baretti, A Dictionary, Spanish and English ... (Londýn, 1794); OBP, 24. apr. – 1. máj 1754, 183.

37. 23. jan. 1786, Woodforde, denník, II, 226; William Hazlitt, Notes of a Journey through France and Italy (Londýn, 1826), 179.

38. Denník Roberta Moodyho, 1660–1663, Bodl., Rawlinson Coll. D.84; Crawford, ed., Lauder Journals, 177; George P. Rawick, ed., The American Slave: A Composite Autobiography (Wesport, Ct., 1972) XIII, 109. Tiež pozri 9. okt. 1662, Pepys, denník, III, 217; 1. okt. 1794, Woodforde, denník, IV, 138; Barber, „Traveller“, 49.

39. William Cobbett, Rural Rides in Surrey, Kent, and Other Counties (Londýn, 1948), II, 139; Winslow C. Watson, ed., Men and Times of the Revolution; or, Memoirs of Elkanah Watson, Including Journals of Travels (New York, 1856), 59. Tiež pozri Thomas Hardy, The Woodlanders (1887; rpt. edn., Londýn, 1991), 12.

40. George Edward Dartnell a Edward Hungerford Goddard, comps., A Glossary of Words Used in the County of Wiltshire (Londýn, 1893), 192; Autobiography of the Rev. Dr. Alexander Carlyle, Minister of Inveresk ... (Edinburgh, 1860), 125–126; Barber, „Traveller“, 48.

41. Burton E. Stevenson, ed., The Home Book of Proverbs, Maxims and Familiar Phrases (New York, 1948), 168; Walter W. Skeat, ed., Five Reprinted Glossaries . . . (Londýn, 1879), 95; Bernard J. Hibbitts, „Making Sense of Metaphors: Visuality, Aurality and the Reconfiguration of American Legal Discourse“, Cardozo Law Review 16 (1994), 229–356; Donald M. Lowe, History of Bourgeois Perception (Brighton, Angl., 1982), 6–8.

42. Shakespeare, A Midsummer Night’s Dream, III, 2; Bruce R. Smith, The Acoustic World of Early Modern England: Attending to the O-Factor (Chicago, 1999), 58–59.

43. John M. Hull, Touching the Rock: An Experience of Blindness (New York, 1990), 166, 83; Julian Jaynes, The Origin of Consciousness in the Breakdown of the Bicameral Mind (Boston, 1977), 96–97.

44. Barber, „Traveller“, 39; Denník rev. Williama Benneta, 1785, Bodl., Eng. Misc. f. 54, fo. 74; E. P. Thompson, Customs in Common (New York, 1991), 362; Joshua Lucock Wilkinson, The Wanderer . . . through France, Germany and Italy in 1791 and 1793 (Londýn, 1798), I, 58; Jasper Danckaerts, Journal of a Voyage to New York and a Tour in Several of the American Colonies in 1679–80, ed. a prekl. Henry C. Murphy (New York, 1867), 125.

45. 20. sept. 1791, Walter Johnson, ed., Gilbert White’s Journals (1931; rpt. edn., New York, 1970), 394; Milne and Milne, World of Night, 13–14, 94; Claire Murphy a William Cain, „Odor Identification: The Blind are Better“, Physiology & Behavior 37 (1986), 177–180. Spomienky na prenikavé vône v nás zostávajú ešte dlho po tom, ako sme zabudli na väčšinu vizuálnych javov. J. Douglas Porteous, Landscapes of the Mind: Worlds of Sense and Metaphor (Toronto, 1990), 34–36.

46. W. Carew Hazlitt, ed., English Proverbs and Proverbial Phrases . . . (Londýn, 1882), 94; Edward Ward, The London Spy (1709; rpt. edn., New York, 1985), 40; Barber, „Traveller“, 39; M. Betham-Edwards, ed., The Autobiography of Arthur Young (1898; rpt. edn., New York, 1967), 194. Tiež pozri 15. sept. 1779, Andrew Oliver, ed., The Journal of Samuel Curwen, Loyalist (Cambridge, Mass., 1972), 560.

47. OED, s.v. „blind road“; 16. sept. 1795, „Dr. Pierce’s Manuscript Journal“, Massachusetts Historical Society Proceedings, 2. séria, 3 (1886–1887), 52; Laurel Thatcher Ulrich, A Midwife’s Tale: The Life of Martha Ballard, Based on Her Diary, 1785–1812 (New York, 1990), 202; Hull, Touching the Rock, 103.

48. Faber, ed., Gay Works, 83.

49. Descartes, Selected Philosophical Writings, prekl. John Cottingham et al. (Cambridge, 1988), 58; Harry Porter, The Pleasant History of the Two Angry Women of Abington (n.p., 1599); 2. okt. 1724, Parkman, denník, 6.

50. Cecil Aspinall-Oglander, ed., Admiral’s Wife: Being the Life and Letters of the Hon. Mrs. Edward Boscawen from 1719 to 1761 (Londýn, 1940), 235; Monique Savoy, Lumiéres sur la Ville: Introduction et Promotion de l’Electricité en Suisse: L’Éclairage Lausannois, 1881–1921 (Lausanne, 1988), 50.

51. L’Estrange, Fables of Aesop and Other Eminent Mythologists: With Morals and Reflections (Londýn, 1699), I, 103.

52. Torrey, ed., Thoreau Writings, III, 340.

53. Farley’s Bristol Journal, 18. Feb. 1769; Ward, London Spy, III, 48–49; Aileen Riberio, Dress in Eighteenth-Century Europe, 1715–1789 (New Haven, 2002), 85.

54. OBP, 9.-11. júl 1740, 174; Joseph Lawson, Letters to the Young on Progress in Pudsey during the Last Sixty Years (Stanningley, Eng., 1887), 33; Torriano, Proverbi, 170.

55. Hadrianus Junius, The Nomenclator . . . (Londýn, 1585), 160–161; OED, s.v. „great-coat“; John Owen, Travels into Different Parts of Europe, in the Years 1791 and 1792 ... (Londýn, 1796), II, 81; Tobias Smollett, The Life and Adventures of Sir Launcelot Greaves (Londýn, 1762), 239; Daniel Defoe, The Life of ... Robinson Crusoe (Londýn, 1729), 180; Henry Swinburne, Travels in the Two Sicilies ... (Londýn, 1783), II, 308; Jonas Hanway, An Historical Account of the British Trade over the Caspian Sea ... (Londýn, 1753), II, 336; Riberio, Dress, 22–24, 30–31, 87.

56. W. Hooper, ed., Letters of Baron Bielfeld ... (Londýn, 1768), IV, 166; OED, s.v. „night-kerchief“, „mob“; Tilley, Proverbs in England, 296; John Owen, Travels into Different Parts of Europe, in the Years 1791 and 1792 ... (Londýn, 1796), II, 81; 24. a 25. apr. 1665, Pepys, denník, VI, 89; F. Pomey and A. Lovell, Indiculus Universalis; or, the Universe in Epitome ... (Londýn, 1679), 68; Riberio, Dress, 49.

57. Thomas Burke, English Night-Life: From Norman Curfew to Present Black-Out (New York, 1971), 54; Andrew Henderson, ed., Scottish Proverbs (Edinburgh, 1832), 69; OBP, Oct. 4, 1719, 6; Cohens, Taliansko, 49.

58. Torrington, Denníky, III, 290.

59. 28. nov. 1785, Woodforde, denník, II, 216; James Peller Malcolm, Anecdotes of the Manners and Customs of London during the Eighteenth Century ... (Londýn, 1810), I, 145. Tiež pozri 30. júl 1755, Parkman, denník, 293.

60. LC, 18. aug. 1785.

61. Varro, On the Latin Language, prekl. Roland G. Kent (Cambridge, Mass., 1957), I, 177–179; Censorinus, De Die Natale, prekl. William Maude (New York, 1900), 40; Henry Hibbert, Syntagma Theologicum ... (Londýn, 1662), 30.

62. Augustin Gallo, Secrets de la Vraye Agriculture ... (Paríž, 1572), 213; Leonard Lawrence, A Small Treatise betwixt Arnalte and Lucenda (Londýn, 1639), 7; Nina Gockerell, „Telling Time without a Clock“, in Klaus Maurice and Otto Mayr, eds., The Clockwork Universe: German Clocks and Automata, 1550–1650 (New York, 1980), 137. Základom chronológie je čítanie mnohých primárnych zdrojov.

63. Ralph Knevet, Rhodon and Iris ... (Londýn, 1631); OED, s.v. „hen and chickens“, „seven stars“; Weinsberg, denník, I, 59; Gockerell, „Telling Time“, 137.

64. Barber, „Traveller“, 42; Crusius, Nocte, ch. 3.12; Shakespeare, Hamlet, I, 2, 198; The Rape of Lucrece, 113–119.

65. OBP, Oct. 12, 1737, 205; M. D’Archenholz, A Picture of England ... (Londýn, 1789), II, 79; Ménétra, Journal, 195–196.

66. SWP, I, 99; Shakespeare, Hamlet, I, 1, 143; Bourne, Antiquitates Vulgares, 38; Alan Gailey, „The Bonfire in North Irish Tradition“, Folklore 88 (1977), 18; Crusius, Nocte, ch. 3.36.

67. William Howitt, The Boy’s Country Book (Londýn, bez datovania), 196; Bourne, Antiquitates Vulgares, 87, 84, na rôznych miestach; Francis Grose, A Provincial Glossary (1787; rpt. ed., Menston, Angl., 1968), 3, 2. Tiež pozri James Dawson Burn, The Autobiography of a Beggar Boy, ed. David Vincent (Londýn, 1978), 67; Bartholomäus Sastrow et al., Social Germany in Luther’s Time: Being the Memoirs of Bartholomew Sastrow, prekl. H.A.L. Fisher (Westminster, Angl., 1902), 291.

68. Lynn Doyle, An Ulster Childhood (Londýn, 1926), 61; Charles Jackson, ed., The Diary of Abraham De la Pryme, the Yorkshire Antiquary (Durham, Angl., 1870), 39. See also Life and Struggles of William Lovett . . . (Londýn, 1876), 11.

69. OBP, 16.-20. jan. 1752, 48; Matthiessen, Natten, 63; 27. okt. 1771, Basil Cozens-Hardy, ed., The Diary of Sylas Neville, 1767–1788 (Londýn, 1950), 132; Richard Cobb, Paris and Its Provinces, 1792–1802 (New York, 1975), 45; Paul Zumthor, Daily Life in Rembrandt’s Holland (New York, 1963), 249; James Lackington, Memoirs of the First Forty-Five Years ... (Londýn, 1792), 34.

70. 23. jún 1745, Lewis, denník, 184; „Journal of P. Oliver, 1776–1810“, Egerton Mss. 2672, I, fo. 68, BL; Diary of John Leake, 1713, Rawlinson Mss., D. 428, fo. 37, Bodl.; F. Platter, Journal, 36.

71. Taillepied, Ghosts, 78; Moryson, Itinerary, IV, 294; Early Prose and Poetical Works of John Taylor the Water Poet (1580–1653) (Londýn, 1888), 156; Letters from Minorca . . . (Dublin, 1782), 213; Matthiessen, Natten, 24.

72. Clare Williams, ed., Thomas Platter’s Travels in England, 1599 (Londýn, 1937), 150; 19. sept. 1662, Pepys, denník, III, 201; Paolo Da Certaldo, Libro di Buoni Costumi, ed. Alfredo Schiaffini (Florencia, 1945), 14; OBP,17.-19. okt. 1749, 163; Mrs. Grant, Essays on the Superstitions of the Highlanders of Scotland ... (New York, [1831?]), I, 121; Jackson, ed., De la Pryme Diary, 71; Schindler, Rebellion, 215.

73. Yves-Marie Bercé, History of Peasant Revolts: The Social Origins of Rebellion in Early Modern France, prekl. Amanda Whitmore (Ithaca, N.Y., 1990), 278; Diary of James Scudamore, asi 1710, Hereford City Library, Angl.; 13. a 14. feb. 1667, Pepys, denník, VIII, 60, 62; Lawrence F. Stone, The Family, Sex and Marriage in England, 1500–1800 (New York, 1977), 94.

74. 18. nov. 1762, Frederick A. Pottle, ed., Boswell’s London Journal, 1762–1763 (New York, 1950), 43. Tiež pozri 17. dec. 1769, Woodforde, denník, I, 95.

75. Brian Hill, Observations and Remarks in a Journey through Sicily and Calabria (Londýn, 1792), 49; Journal of Twisden Bradbourn, 1693–1967, 1698, 103, Miscellaneous English Manuscripts c. 206, Bodl. „The aspersion of Holy Water“, wrote Noël Taillepied, is „A sure protection against the malice and attacks of evil spirits“ (Ghosts, 174).

76. Grose, Provincial Glossary, 70; R. D. Oliver Heslop, comp., Northumberland Words ... (Londýn, 1894), I, 204; Brand 1848, III, 15; Muchembled, Popular Culture, prekl. Cochrane, 84–85; Enid Porter, Cambridgeshire Customs and Folklore (New York, 1969), 62; Paul-Yves Sébillot, Le Folklore de la Bretagne ... (Paríž, 1968), II, 132; Jean Delumeau, La Peur en Occident, XIVe-XVIIIe Siècles: Une Cité Assiégée (Paríž, 1978), 92; William Dillon Piersen, Black Yankees: The Development of an Afro-American Subculture in Eighteenth-Century New England (Amherst, Mass., 1988), 85.

77. Faber, ed., Gay Works, 81; Rousseau, Emile, prekl. Bloom, 148; John Burnap, 10. júl 1766, Assi 45/28/2/97c. Tiež pozri Thomas Hardy, The Trumpet-Major ... (1912; rpt. edn., New York, 1984), 274.

78. Remarks 1717, 175; Watson, ed., Men and Times, 115; Bernard Mandeville, An Enquiry into the Causes of the Frequent Executions at Tyburn, ed. Malvin R. Zirker, Jr. (Los Angeles, 1964), 10; Muchembled, Violence, 65, 120–121.

79. Schindler, Rebellion, 223; Muchembled, Violence, 120–123, 259; William Mowfitt, 14. aug. 1647, Assi 45/2/1/229; T. Platter, Journal, 197; Pinkerton, Travels, I, 224; Milly Harrison a O.M. Royston, comps., How They Lived ... (Oxford, 1965), II, 253; OBP, 2.-5. máj 1739, 73; Rousseau, Emile, prekl. Bloom, 138.

80. Anna Brzozowska-Krajka, Polish Traditional Folklore: The Magic of Time (Boulder, Colo., 1998), 63; Sébillot, Folklore de la Bretagne, II, 162; Autobiography of the Blessed Mother Anne of Saint Bartholomew (St. Louis, 1916), 15; Casey, ed., Jean Paul, prekl. Casey, 339; F. Platter, Journal, 104.

81. Abel Boyer, Dictionaire Royal ... (Amsterdam, 1719); Paul Monroe, Thomas Platter and the Educational Renaissance of the Sixteenth Century (New York, 1904), 161, 107; Dietz, Surgeon, 110–111. Tiež pozri Stephen Bradwell, A Watch-Man for the Pest ... (Londýn, 1625), 39.

82. Llewellynn Jewitt, ed., The Life of William Hutton ... (Londýn, 1872), 159; Bräker, Life, 58; David Pulsifer, ed., Records of the Colony of New Plymouth in New England (Boston, 1861), XI, 106; 13. dec. 1765, Frank Brady a Frederick A. Pottle, eds., Boswell on the Grand Tour: Italy, Corsica, and France, 1765–1766 (New York, 1955), 232.

83. 7. feb. 1704, Cowper, denník.

84. 29. jan. 1735, Clegg, denník, I, 217; 14. jún 1757, Turner, denník, 100.

85. SWP, II, 560–561; 28. okt. 1833, McGrath, ed., Denník O’Sullivana, III, 247.

TRETIA ČASŤ

ÚVOD

1. L. E. Kastner, ed., The Poetical Works of William Drummond of Hawthornden . . . (New York, 1968), I, 46.

2. Flaherty, Privacy, 94; David Levine and Keith Wrightson, The Making of an Industrial Society: Whickham, 1560–1765 (Oxford, 1991), 280.

3. Penry Williams, The Later Tudors: England, 1547–1603 (Oxford, 1995), 515; G. R. Quaife, Wanton Wenches and Wayward Wives: Peasants and Illicit Sex in Early Seventeenth Century England (Londýn, 1979), 180–181.

4. Gottfried Von Bulow, ed., „Diary of the Journey of Philip Julius, Duke of Stettin-Pomerania, through England in the Year 1602“, Transactions of the Royal Historical Society, New Ser., 6 (1892), 65.

5. 16. okt. 1773, Frederick A. Pottle and Charles H. Bennett, eds. Boswell’s Journal of a Tour to the Hebrides with Samuel Johnson, LL.D., 1773 (New York, 1961), 312; A View of London and Westminster ... (Londýn, 1725), 5–6.

6. 27. mar. 1782, Sanger, denník, 409; Yves Castan, „Politics and Private Life“, in HPL III, 49; Lorna Weatherill, Consumer Behavior and Material Culture in Britain, 1660–1760 (Londýn, 1988), 76–77, 80, 88, 168.

7. „B“, Westminster Magazine 8 (1780), 16. Tiež pozri Georg Christoph Lichtenberg, Aphorisms, ed. R. J. Hollingdale (Londýn, 1990), 44–45; Lena Cowen Orlin, ed., Elizabethan Households: An Anthology (Washington, D.C., 1995), 119–120; SAS, II, 311.

8. Norman Egbert McClure, ed., The Letters of John Chamberlain (Philadelphia, 1939), I, 283; 17. máj 1709, PL 27/2; OBP, 28. apr. – 3. máj 1742, 77; SAS, II, 311; Levine and Wrightson, Making of an Industrial Society, 281; Roger Thompson, “‘Holy Watchfulness’ and Communal Conformism: The Functions of Defamation in Early New England Communities“, New England Quarterly 56 (1983), 513.

9. John Aubrey, Miscellanies upon Various Subjects (Londýn, 1857), 215; British Magazine, 2 (1747), 441; Alexandre Wolowski, La Vie Quotidienne en Pologne au XVIIe Siècle (Paríž, 1972), 184; Breton, Works, II, 11.

10. Kathleen Elizabeth Stuart, „The Boundaries of Honor: ‘Dishonorable People’ in Augsburg, 1500–1800“ (Ph.D. diss., Yale Univ., 1993), 26, 38–40; Jütte, Poverty, 164; Ruth Mellinkoff, Outcasts: Signs of Otherness in Northern European Art of the Late Middle Ages (Berkeley, Calif., 1993), 43–47, 184–190; Raffaella Sarti, Europe at Home: Family and Material Culture, 1500–1800, prekl. Allan Cameron (New Haven, 2002), 207–211.

11. Weekly Rehearsal (Boston), 24. apr. 1732; Schindler, Rebellion, 288–289; Mellinkoff, Outcasts, 188–193.

12. OED, s.v. „privacy“, „private“ (tiež „privy“ a „privity“); The Bastard (Londýn, 1652), 71; Herbert’s Devotions ... (Londýn, 1657), 217; Flaherty, Privacy, 1–13; Ronald Huebert, „Privacy: The Early Social History of a Word“, Sewanee Review, 105 (1997), 21–38.

13. Frederick J. Furnivall, ed., Philip Stubbes’s Anatomy of the Abuses in England in Shakespeare’s Youth, a.d. 1583 (Londýn, 1877), I, 329; Natalie Zemon Davis, Society and Culture in Early Modern France (Stanford, Calif., 1975), 97–123; Maria José del Rio, „Carnival, the World Upside Down“, in Robert Muchembled et al., Popular Culture (Danbury, Ct., 1994), 83–84.

14. Harrison, Description, 36; David Cressy, Bonfires and Bells: National Memory and the Protestant Calendar in Elizabethan and Stuart England (Londýn, 1989), na rôznych miestach; Griffiths, Youth, 156–158; Burke, Popular Culture, 194–196.

15. Richard Lassels, An Italian Voyage . . . (Londýn, 1698), II, 118; Iain Cameron, Crime and Repression in the Auvergne and the Guyenne, 1720–1790 (Cambridge, 1981), 197–198; David Chambers and Trevor Dean, Clean Hands and Rough Justice: An Investigating Magistrate in Renaissance Italy (Ann Arbor, Mich., 1997), 20. Tiež pozri Donald E. Crawford, ed., Journals of Sir John Lauder (Edinburgh, 1900), 118; Schindler, Rebellion, 200–201.

16. The Works of Mr. Thomas Brown in Prose and Verse . . . (Londýn, 1708), III, 114; The Poems of the Late Christopher Smart ... (Londýn, 1790), II, 9; Charles Gildon, The Post-Boy Rob’d of His Mail ... (Londýn, 1692), 147; Mr. Dibdin, The Lamplighter ([Londýn, 1790?]); Kenneth J. Gergen et al., „Deviance in the Dark“, Psychology Today 7 (1973), 129–130.

17. Alastair Fowler, ed., The New Oxford Book of Seventeenth Century Verse (Oxford, 1991), 416; Bernard Bailyn, „The Boundaries of History: The Old World and the New“, in The Dedication of the Casperen Building ... (Providence, 1992), 36; The London Jilt: or, the Politick Whore ... (Londýn, 1683), Pt. II, 156; Aphra Behn, Five Plays ... , ed. Maureen Duffy (Londýn, 1990), 35; Dionysius, „Contemplations by Moonlight“, European Magazine 34 (1798), 307.

18. Rétif de la Bretonne, Les Nuits de Paris, ou le Spectateur-Nocturne, eds. Jean Varloot and Michel Delon (Paríž, 1986), 38; Edward Young, Night Thoughts, ed. Stephen Cornfield (Cambridge, 1989), 122; Bernard Le Bovier de Fontenelle, Conversations on the Plurality of Worlds, prekl. H. A. Hargreaves (Berkeley, Calif., 1990), 10; J. W. Goethe, Italian Journey, 1786–1788 (New York, 1968), 182; Lewis, denník, 161.

ŠIESTA KAPITOLA

1. Mill, A Nights Search: Discovering the Nature and Condition of all Sorts of Night-Walkers ... (Londýn, 1639).

2. John 9:4; Paroimiographia (španielsky), 22; Georgina F. Jackson, comp., Shropshire Word-Book ... (Londýn, 1879), 38; Grose, slovník.

3. Gerhard Dohrn-van Rossum, History of the Hour: Clocks and Modern Temporal Orders, prekl. Thomas Dunlap (Chicago, 1996), 293, 235, 246; Torriano, Proverbi, 171; Verdon, Night, 110–112; Monica Chojnacka and Merry E. Wiesner-Hanks, eds., Ages of Woman, Ages of Man: Sources in European Social History, 1400–1750 (Londýn, 2002), 159; Wilson, English Proverbs, 122; Henri Hauser, Ouvriers du Temps Passé XVe–XVIe Siècles (Paríž, 1927), 82–83.

4. Dohrn-van Rossum, History of the Hour, prekl. Dunlap, 311–312, 294; G. C. Coulton, ed., Life in the Middle Ages (Cambridge, 1929), 99; Hauser, Ouvriers, 82–85; Silvia Mantini, „Per Un’Immagine Della Notte“, Archivio Storico Italino 4 (1985), 578–579; Maurice Bouteloup, „Le Travail de Nuit dans la Boulangerie“ (Ph.D. diss., Université de Paris, 1909), 2.

5. 13. jan. 1573, I. H. Van Eeghen, ed., Dagboek Van Broeder Wouter Jacobsz (Gaultherus Jacobi Masius Prior Van Stein: Amsterdam, 1572–1578, En Montfoort, 1578–1579) (Gronningen, Neth., 1959), I, 134; R.H. Tawney and Eileen Power, eds., Tudor Economic Documents: Being Select Documents Illustrating the Economic and Social History of Tudor England (Londýn, 1953), I, 342; Pierre Goubert, The French Peasantry in the Seventeenth Century, prekl. Ian Patterson (Cambridge, 1986), 100; Helen Simpson, ed. a prekl., The Waiting City: Paris 1782–88 ... (Philadelphia, 1933), 75.

6. Anthony Horneck, The Happy Ascetick, or, the Best Exercise ([Londýn], 1680), 409; Torriano, Proverbi, 104; Erskine Beveridge, comp., a J. D. Westwood, ed., Fegusson’s Scottish Proverbs from the Original Print of 1641 ... (Edinburgh, 1924), 266.

7. Burkitt, The Poor Man’s Help ... (Londýn, 1694), 16.

8. Thompson, „Time, Work-Discipline, and Industrial Capitalism“, PP 38 (1967), 73, 56–97, na rôznych miestach.

9. „John Dane’s Narrative“, New England Historical and Geneological Register 8 (1854), 150; ECR, II, 150; Ménétra, Journal, 32–33; OBP, 7. sept. 1722.

10. Wilson, English Proverbs, 169; Thomas Dekker, The Seven Deadly Sinnes of London, ed. H.F.B. Brett-Smith, ed. (New York, 1922), 30; OBP, 2. feb. – 2. mar. 1765, 120; John Clayton, Friendly Advice to the Poor ... (Manchester, 1755), 37; Franco Sacchetti, Tales from Sacchetti, prekl. Mary G. Steegmann (1908; rpt. edn., Westport, Ct., 1978), 231.

11. Gaetano Zompini, Le Arti Che Vanno per Via Nella Città di Venezia (Benátky, 1785), obr. 15, na rôznych miestach; Max J. Okenfuss, prekl., The Travel Diary of Peter Tolstoi: A Muscovite in Early Modern Europe (DeKalb, Ill., 1987), 301; Marybeth Carlson, „Domestic Service in a Changing City Economy: Rotterdam, 1680–1780“ (Ph.D. diss., Univ. of Wisconsin, 1993), 158; Tim Meldrum, Domestic Service and Gender, 1660–1750: Life and Work in the London Household(Harlow, Angl., 2000), 150–51; OBP, 12. okt. 1726, 3; Thompson, „Time, Work-Discipline“, 60; Legg, Low-Life, 10; Restif de la Bretonne, Oeuvres (Geneva, 1971), II, 148–149.

12. 25. mar. 1661, Pepys, denník, II, 60; J. W. Goethe, Italian Journey, 1786–1788 (New York, 1968), Part II, 315; OED, s.v. „bunter“.

13. Beveridge, comp., and Westwood, ed., Scottish Proverbs, 25; 18. jan. 1624, Beck, denník, 34; A General Description of All Trades ... (Londýn, 1747), 204, na rôznych miestach; John Collinges, The Weaver Pocket-Book, or, Weaving Spiritualized ... (n.p., 1695), 87; William Howitt, The Boy’s Country Book (Londýn, bez datovania), 12–13.

14. 24. dec. 1660, Pepys, denník, I, 322; Joan Wake and Deborah Champion Webster, eds., The Letters of Daniel Eaton to the Third Earl of Cardigan, 1725–1732 (Kettering, Angl., 1971), 72; R. Campbell, The London Tradesman; Being a Compendius View of All the Trades, Professions, Arts, both Liberal and Mechanic now Practised in the Cities of London and Westminster (Londýn, 1747), na rôznych miestach; Description of Trades, na rôznych miestach.

15. Steven L. Kaplan, The Bakers of Paris and the Bread Question, 1700–1775 (Durham, N.C., 1996), 227, na rôznych miestach; Bouteloup, „Travail de Nuit“, 3–5; Description of Trades, 10–11.

16. Campbell, London Tradesman, 264, 332; OBP, 17. jan. 1728, 24.-27. apr. 1745, 104; 2. a 8. apr. 1777, Clement Young Sturge, ed., Leaves from the Past: The Diary of John Allen, Sometime Brewer of Wapping (1757–1808) ... (Bristol, 1905), 30, 34.

17. Celia Fiennes, The Illustrated Journeys of Celia Fiennes, 1685–c.1712, ed. Christopher Morris (Londýn, 1982), 70; „Speculations“, PA, 15. júl 1763; The Memoirs of Charles-Lewis Baron de Pollnitz ... (Londýn, 1739), I, 410; Bouteloup, „Travail de Nuit“, 2; The Lawes of the Market (Londýn, 1595).

18. T. Platter, Journal, 46; Woodward, ed., Books, 108; Goubert, French Peasantry, prekl. Patterson, 140; John Webster, The Displaying of Supposed Witchcraft ... (Londýn, 1677), 299.

19. Edward Halle, The Union of the Two Noble and Illustrious Families of Lancastre & Yorke ... (n.p., 1548), fo. xli; Sigrid Maurice and Klaus Maurice, „Counting the Hours in Community Life of the 16th and 17th Centuries“, Klaus Maurice a Otto Mayr ed.,, The Clockwork Universe: German Clocks and Automata, 1550–1650 (New York, 1980), 149; Moryson, Itinerary, I, 22–23; Pinkerton, Travels, I, 329.

20. Margaret Killip, The Folklore of the Isle of Man (Totowa, N.J., 1976), 170; Garnet, Lampen, 102, 278; Schindler, Rebellion, 194, James Orchard Halliwell, A Dictionary of Archaic and Provincial Words . . . (Londýn, 1865), II, 924; Robert Greene, A Quip for an Upstart Courtier (1594; rpt. edn., Gainesville, Fla., 1954); George Latimer Apperson, English Proverbs and Proverbial Phrases: A Historical Dictionary (Londýn, 1929), 78; Paul Mantoux, The Industrial Revolution in the Eighteenth Century: An Outline of the Beginnings of the Modern Factory System in England (Londýn, 1952), 77; LE-P, Nov. 6, 1760.

21. Marjorie McIntosh, „The Diversity of Social Capital in English Communities, 1300–1640 (s pohľadom na modernú Nigériu)“, JIH 26 (1995), 471; Carol F. Karlsen, The Devil in the Shape of a Woman: Witchcraft in Colonial New England (New York, 1984), 171; Thomas Tusser, Five Hundred Pointes of Good Husbandrie, eds. V. Payne a Sidney J. Herrtage (Londýn, 1878), 162; Raffaella Sarti, Europe at Home: Family and Material Culture, 1500–1800, prekl. Allan Cameron (New Haven, 2002), 190–191.

22. Wilson, English Proverbs, 909; RB, III, Pt. 1, 302–303; Laurel Thatcher Ulrich, A Midwife’s Tale: The Life of Martha Ballard, Based on Her Diary, 1785–1812 (New York, 1990), 210; Stephen Duck, The Thresher’s Labour (1736) and Mary Collier, The Woman’s Labour (1739) (rpt. edn., Los Angeles, 1985), 15; Province and Court Records of Maine (Portland, Maine, 1928), I, 140; Caroline Davidson, A Woman’s Work is Never Done: A History of Housework in the British Isles, 1650–1950 (Londýn, 1982), 15.

23. 20. nov. 1660, Pepys, denník, I, 297; Mary Stower, Dec. 15, 1727, Assi 45/18/15/84; OBP, 28. apr. – 4. máj 1756, 179; Davidson, Woman’s Work, 136–152.

24. Collier, Woman’s Labour, 16; Helen and Keith Kelsall, Scottish Lifestyle 300 Years Ago: New Light on Edinburgh and Border Families (Edinburgh, 1986), 97; Timothy J. Casey, ed., Jean Paul: A Reader, prekl. Erika Casey (Baltimore, 1992), 339; SAS, XIV, 320, XV, 125; Richard Harvey, „The Work and Mentalité of Lower Orders Elizabethan Women“, Exemplaria 5 (1993), 418–419.

25. OBP, 3. dec. 1729, 6; „Extract of a Letter from Edinburgh, dated June 27“, SJC, 6. júl 1769; Catherine Parker, 7. jan. 1773, Assi 45/31/1/55; OBP, Dec. 7–12, 1763, 2.

26. Grose, slovník; Tusser, Good Husbandrie, ed. Payne and Herrtage, 58; 7. júl 1663, Pepys, denník, IV, 220; Ferdinando Bottarelli, The New Italian, English and French Pocket-Dictionary ... (Londýn, 1777), III; Gerald Strauss, Nuremberg in the Sixteenth Century: City Politics and Life Between Middle Ages and Modern Times (Bloomington, Ind., 1976), 192; James Clifford, „Some Aspects of London Life in the Mid-18th Century“, in Paul Fritz and David Williams, eds., City & Society in the 18th Century (Toronto, 1973), 23–34; Burt, Letters, I, 25; Susan B. Hanley, „Urban Sanitation in Preindustrial Japan“, JIH 18 (1987), 1–26.

27. Donald Lupton, London and the Countrey Carbonadoed and Quartered into Severall Characters (1632; rpt. edn. Amsterdam, 1977), 94–96; Kathleen Elizabeth Stuart, „The Boundaries of Honor: ‘Dishonorable People’ in Augsburg, 1500–1800 (Ph.D. diss., Yale Univ., 1993), 171–175; 5.-7. mar. 1799, Drinker, denník, II, 1142–1143; Clifford, „London Life“, 27.

28. Daniel Defoe, A Journal of the Plague Year ... (1722; rpt. edn., Londýn, 1927), 223, 233, na rôznych miestach; James S. Amelang, A Journal of the Plague Year: The Diary of the Barcelona Tanner Miguel Parets1651 (New York, 1991), 82; OED, s.v. „vespillon“; F. Altieri, Dizionario Italiano ed. Inglese ... (Londýn, 1726), I; A Report of the Record Commissioners of the City of Boston, Containing the Selectmen’s Minutes from 1764 to 1768 (Boston, 1889), 12; 15. a 20. aug. 1665, Pepys, denník, VI, 192, 199; Michael Kunze, Highroad to the Stake: A Tale of Witchcraft, prekl. William E. Yuill (Chicago, 1987), 163.

29. The Ecologues and Georgics of Virgil, prekl. C. Day Lewis (Garden City, N.Y., 1964), 105.

30. 21. okt. 1807, Diary of Hiram Harwood (strojopis), Bennington Historical Society, Bennington, Vt.; A Journal for the Years 1739–1803 by Samuel Lane of Stratham New Hampshire, ed. Charles J. Hanson (Concord, N.H., 1937), 29; „Mus Rusticus“, SJC, 27. apr. 1773; Crusius, Nocte, ch. 4.25; Lucius Junius Moderatus Columella, On Agriculture and Trees, prekl. E. S. Forster and Edward H. Heffner (Cambridge, Mass., 1955), III, 57.

31. 4. nov. 1777, Sanger, Journal, 165, na rôznych miestach; SAS, XVII, 597; 1. júl 1767, Cole, denník, 236; 7. máj 1665, James M. Rosenheim, ed., The Notebook of Robert Doughty, 1662–1665 (Aberystwyth, Wales, 1989), 54.

32. 27. aug. 1691, H. J. Morehouse a C. A. Hulbert, eds., Extracts from the Diary of the Rev. Robert Meeke (Londýn, 1874), 43; Awnsham Churchill, comp., A Collection of Voyages and Travels ... (Londýn, 1746), VI, 729; Journal of James Robertson, 1767, 118, Manuscripts, National Library of Scotland, Edinburgh; William W. Hagen, Ordinary Prussians: Brandenburg, Junkers and Villagers (1500–1840) (Cambridge, 2002), 120.

33. John Brown, 19. mar. 1777, Assi 45/33/10c; Augustin Gallo, Secrets de la Vraye Agriculture ... (Paríž, 1572), 16; Tusser, Good Husbandrie, ed. Payne and Herrtage, 177; Charles Stevens and John Liebault, comps., Maison Rustique, or, the Countrey Farme, prekl. Richard Surflet (Londýn, 1616), 22.

34. 25. apr. 1698, Denník Johna Richardsa, 52, Dorset Record Office, Bournemouth, Eng.; Best, Books, 124; 27. feb. 1692, Sewall, denník, I, 288; Patten, denník, 190; 26. júl 1749, Parkman, denník, 199; 21. aug. 1782, Sanger, Journal, 432; Cole, denník, 90.

35. Halliwell, Archaic and Provincial Words, I, 149; Giacomo Agostinetti, Cento e Dieci Ricordi Che Formano[il] Bvon Fattor di Villa (Benátky, 1717), 230; 23. feb. 1764, Carter, denník, I, 257, na rôznych miestach, II, na rôznych miestach; 14. aug. 1672, Isham, denník, 139; „Henry Vagg“, B. Chron., 27. jún 1788; Howitt, Country Book, 71; Henry Fielding, The History of the Adventures of Joseph Andrews (New York, 1950), 158; Yorkshire Diaries & Autobiographies in the Seventeenth and Eighteenth Centuries (Durham, Eng., 1886), 106; Best, Books, 145.

36. Stevens and Liebault, comps., Maison Rustique, prekl. Surflet, 24–26; Leonard Digges and Thomas Digges, A Prognostication Everlastinge ... (Londýn, 1605), fo. 6; Piero Camporesi, The Anatomy of the Senses: Natural Symbols in Medieval and Early Modern Italy (Cambridge, 1994), 196–197.

37. Best, Books, 152; Nov. 7, 1774, 5. feb. 1776, 13. mar. 1779, Sanger, Journal, 13, 86, 236; James Kelly, A Complete Collection of Scottish Proverbs ... (Londýn, 1818), 212; Jasper Charlton, The Ladies Astronomy and Chronology ... (Londýn, 1735), 35; „Charles Ley“, SWA or LJ, 10. dec. 1770; „On the Harvest Moon“, SJC, 1. sept. 1774.

38. SAS, XVII, 557; Robert Southey, Journal of a Tour in Scotland, ed. C.H. Hertford (Londýn, 1929), 113–114; P. Brydone, A Tour through Sicily and Malta ... (Londýn, 1773), 220; Patten, denník, na rôznych miestach; SAS, XIII, 602.

39. Jonas Hanway, An Historical Account of the British Trade over the Caspian Sea ... (Londýn, 1753), II, 216; „A Visit to Rome in 1736“, GM 39 (1853), 264; Gallo, Secrets de la Vraye Agriculture, 370, 204; Moryson, Unpublished Itinerary, 355; Pinkerton, Travels, VI, 370; Samuel Deane, The New England Farmer ... (Worcester, Mass., 1790), 327.

40. NYWJ, 4. máj 1741; John Lough, France Observed in the Seventeenth Century by British Travellers (Stocksfield, Eng., 1984), 44; Cohens, Taliansko, 168, 268–269. Tiež pozri William Langland, Piers Plowman: The C Version, prekl. George Economou (Philadelphia, 1996), 43.

41. Hester Lynch Piozzi, Observations and Reflections Made in the Course of a Journey through France, Italy, and Germany, ed. Herbert Barrows (Ann Arbor, Mich., 1967), 103–104; Joseph Palmer, A Four Months Tour through France (Londýn, 1776), II, 13; 28. jan. 1708, Cowper, denník; Jeremy D. Popkin, ed., Panorama of Paris: Selections from Le Tableau de Paris, Louis-Sébastien Mercier (University Park, Pa., 1999), 96; NYWJ, 20. aug. 1750; Richard Cobb, Paris and Its Provinces, 1792–1802 (New York, 1975), 18–19, 26–27.

42. Paroimiographia (francúzsky), 21; Columella, On Agriculture and Trees, prekl. Forster and Heffner, III, 123; Josiah Tucker, Instructions for Travellers, 1757(New York, bez datovania), 243; Patricia James, ed., The Travel Diaries of Thomas Robert Malthus (Londýn, 1966), 73; G. E. Fussell a K. R. Fussell, The English Countrywoman: A Farmhouse Social History, a.d. 1500–1900 (New York, 1971), 38, 69–70.

43. 9. a 12. feb. 1767, Woodforde, denník, I, 62; Rétif de la Brétonne, My Father’s Life, prekl. Richard Veasey (Gloucester, Eng., 1986), 162; 8. apr. 1777, Sanger, Journal, 139, na rôznych miestach; Markham’s Farewell to Husbandry ... (Londýn, 1620), 146.

44. Philip D. Morgan, Slave Counterpoint: Black Culture in the Eighteenth-Century Chesapeake and Lowcountry (Chapel Hill, N.C., 1998), 153, 168, 191, 195.

45. Taylor, A Preter-Pluperfect ... (n.p., 1643), 1.

46. Verdon, Night, 113–114; „Mus Rusticus“, SJC, Apr. 27, 1773; Jeffry Kaplow, France on the Eve of Revolution: A Book of Readings (New York, 1971), 145; OBP, 17.-20. apr. 1765, 174; Frank Cundall, ed., Lady Nugent’s Journal: Jamaica One Hundred and Thirty-eight Years Ago (Londýn, 1939), 86; Michael Sonenscher, „Work and Wages in Paris in the Eighteenth Century“, in Maxine Berg et al., eds., Manufacture in Town and Country before the Factory (Cambridge, 1983), 167.

47. Bouteloup, „Travail de Nuit“, 3; Lydia Dotto, Losing Sleep: How Your Sleeping Habits Affect Your Life (New York, 1990), 226, 229; Kaplan, Bakers of Paris, 264–265.

48. SAS, IX, 480.

49. OBP, 28. aug. 1728; Peter Linebaugh, The London Hanged: Crime and Civil Society in the Eighteenth Century (Cambridge, 1992), 377; Robert C. Davis, Shipbuilders of the Venetian Arsenal: Workers and Workplace in the Preindustrial City (Baltimore, 1991), 160–161; Beattie, Crime, 175–178. Tiež pozri Kaplan, Bakers of Paris, 244.

50. Merry E. Wiesner, Working Women in Renaissance Germany (New Brunswick, N.J., 1986), 94; „Dane’s Narrative“, 150; ECR, II, 373.

51. Bräker, Life, 76, 56; Thompson, „Time, Work-Discipline“, 77; Paul Monroe, ed., Thomas Platter and the Educational Renaissance of the Sixteenth Century (New York, 1904), 155–156. Tiež pozri Émile Guillaumin, The Life of a Simple Man, ed. Eugen Weber, prekl. Margaret Crosland (Hanover, N.H., 1983), 74.

52. Evangeline W. and Charles M. Andrews, eds., Journal of a Lady of Quality; Being the Narrative of a Journey from Scotland to the West Indies, North Carolina, and Portugal, in the Years 1774 to 1776 (New Haven, 1923), 108; Morgan, Slave Counterpoint, 138, 140, 251–253, 358–376, na rôznych miestach; Roderick A. McDonald, The Economy and Material Culture of Slaves: Goods and Chattels on the Sugar Plantations of Jamaica and Louisiana (Baton Rouge, 1993), 47.

53. Piero Camporesi, Bread of Dreams: Food and Fantasy in Early Modern Europe, prekl. David Gentilcore (Chicago, 1989), 96; 15. jún 1760, Drinker, denník, I, 66; SAS, XI, 110; William Moraley, The Infortunate: or, the Voyage and Adventures of William Moraley ... (Newcastle, Angl., 1743), 51; George Lyman Kittredge, The Old Farmer and His Almanack . . . (New York, 1967), 172–173; Roger D. Abrahams, Singing the Master: The Emergence of African American Culture in the Plantation South (New York, 1982), 81.

54. J. J. Evans, ed., Welsh Proverbs ... (Llandysul, Wales, 1965), 23; Tilley, Proverbs in England, 753.

55. Abel Boyer, Dictionaire Royal ... (Amsterdam, 1719); Mr. Ozell, prekl., M. Misson’s Memoirs and Observations in His Travels over England (Londýn, 1719), 332; Suzanne Tardieu, La Vie Domestique dans le Mâconnais Rural Préindustriel (Paríž, 1964), 154–161; Verdon, Night, 117–123; Hans Medick, „Village Spinning Bees: Sexual Culture and Free Time among Rural Youth in Early Modern Germany“, in Hans Medick and David Warren Sabean, eds., Interest and Emotion: Essays on the Study of Family and Kinship (Cambridge, 1984), 317–339; Stephen P. Frank, “‘Simple Folk, Savage Customs?’ Youth, Sociability, and the Dynamics of Culture in Rural Russia, 1856–1914“, JSH 25 (1992), 716, 711–737, na rôznych miestach; Alessandro Falassi, Folklore by the Fireside: Text and Context of the Tuscan Veglia (Austin, 1980), 3, 248, na rôznych miestach; 16. dec. 1783, Lady T. Lewis, ed., Journals and Correspondence of Miss Berry(Londýn, 1865), I, 53; Darryl Ogier, „Night Revels and Werewolfery in Calvinist Guernsey“, Folklore 109 (1998), 54–56; Magnús Gíslason, Kvällsvaka: En Isländsk Kulturtradition Belyst Genom Studier i Bondebefolkningens Vardagsliv och Miljö Under Senare Hälften av 1800-Talet och Början av 1900-Talet (Uppsala, 1977); James H. Delargy, „The Gaelic Story-Teller, with Some Notes on Gaelic Folk-Tales“, Proceedings of the British Academy 31 (1945), 191–192; SAS, VI, 482–483; Mrs. Grant, Essays on the Superstitions of the Highlanders of Scotland ... (New York, [1831?]), I, 103; Hugh Evans, The Gorse Glen(Liverpool, 1948), 146.

56. Leona C. Gabel, ed., Memoirs of a Renaissance Pope: The Commentaries of Pius II, an Abridgement, prekl. Florence A. Gragg (New York, 1962), 35; G. E. Mingay, „Rural England in the Industrial Age“, in G. E. Mingay, ed., The Victorian Countryside (Londýn, 1981), I, 14.

57. Robert Bell, A Description of the Conditions and Manners ... of the Peasantry of Ireland ... (Londýn, 1804), 20.

58. Medick, „Spinning Bees“, 322–323; Jakob Stutz, Siebenmal Sieben Jahre aus Meinem Leben: Als Beitrag zur Näheren Kenntnis des Volkes (Frauenfeld, Švajč., 1983), 66–67; James Macpherson, The Poems of Ossian (Edinburgh, 1805), II, 341; SAI, I, 318.

59. Daniello Bartoli, La Ricreazione del Savio (Parma, 1992), 336; Burke, Popular Culture, 105–106; Bernard J. Hibbitts, „Making Sense of Metaphors: Visuality, Aurality and the Reconfiguration of American Legal Discourse“, Cardozo Law Review 16 (1994), 343–344; Crusius, Nocte, ch. 6.3; Takashi Tomita, Yoru no Shinrijutsu: Hiru Kara Yoru e no Kåodåo, Korkoro no Henka o (Tokio, 1986), 24–25; Henrie Glassie, Passing the Time in Ballymenone: Culture and History of an Ulster Community (Philadelphia, 1982), 40–41, 74, 105; Mircea Eliade, Myth and Reality (Londýn, 1964), 10; Raffaele Pettazzoni, Essays on the History of Religions (Leiden, 1954), 13–14.

60. Moses Heap, „My Life and Times, or an Old Man’s Memories, Illustrated with Numerous Anecdotes and Quaint Sayings“, 3, District Central Library, Rawtenstall, Eng.; Bourne, Antiquitates Vulgares, 76; Garnert, Lampan, 114.

61. Brétonne, My Father’s Life, prekl. Veasey, 111; Eric Robinson et al., eds., The Early Poems of John Clare, 1804–1822 (Oxford, 1989), II, 126; SAS, XVII, 518; Roger Chartier, „Leisure and Sociability: Reading Aloud in Early Modern Europe“, in Susan Zimmerman and Ronald F. E. Weissman, eds., Urban Life in the Renaissance (Newark, Del., 1989), 112.

62. William Howitt, The Rural Life of England (1844; rpt. edn., Shannon, Ire., 1972), 238; Pierre-Jakez Hélias, The Horse of Pride: Life in a Breton Village, prekl. June Guicharnaud (New Haven, 1978), 73–74; George Peele, The Old Wive’s Tale (Londýn, 1595).

63. Jean-Louis Flandrin, Families in Former Times: Kinship, Household and Sexuality, prekl. Richard Southern (Cambridge, 1979), 108–109.

64. Breton, Works, II, 10; Medick, „Spinning Bees“, 334; Paroimiographia (taliansky), 7; Schindler, „Youthful Culture“, 257.

65. Medick, „Spinning Bees“, 334; Martine Segalen, Love and Power in the Peasant Family: Rural France in the Nineteenth Century, prekl. Sarah Matthews (Chicago, 1983), 126; Madeline Jeay, ed., Les Évangiles des Quenouilles ... (Paríž, 1985), na rôznych miestach; Verdon, Night, 121–122; Rozsika Parker, The Subversive Stitch: Embroidery and the Making of the Feminine (Londýn, 1984), 98.

66. Rudolph M. Bell, How to Do It: Guides to Good Living for Renaissance Italians (Chicago, 1999), 249; Medick, „Spinning Bees“, 333, 331; Lyndal Roper, The Holy Household: Women and Morals in Reformation Augsburg (Oxford, 1989), 179.

67. SAS, VIII, 417; Bell, Peasantry of Ireland, 20–21; Harvey Mitchell, „The World between the Literate and Oral Traditions in Eighteenth-Century France: Ecclesiastical Instructions and Popular Mentalities“, in Roseann Runte, ed., Studies in Eighteenth-Century Culture: Volume 8 (Madison, Wisc., 1979), 55; Jean-Michel Boehler, La Paysannerie de la Plaine d’Alsace (Strasbourg, 1995), II, 1963.

SIEDMA KAPITOLA

1. Mercier, The Night Cap (Philadelphia, 1788), 4.

2. RB, I, 87; Sean Shesgreen, Hogarth and the Times-of-the-Day Tradition (Ithaca, N.Y., 1983), 47.

3. 10. jan. 1694, East Anglian Diaries, 207, na rôznych miestach; John Holloway, ed., The Oxford Book of Local Verses (Oxford, 1987), 15; Keith Thomas, „Work and Leisure in Pre-Industrial Society“, PP 29 (1964), 50–62; Peter Burke, „The Invention of Leisure in Early Modern Europe“, PP 146 (1995), 136–151; Joan-Lluis Marfany, „The Invention of Leisure in Early Modern Europe: Comment“, PP 156 (1997), 174–192.

4. John Aubrey, Aubrey’s Natural History of Wiltshire (1847; rpt. edn., New York, 1969), 11; Edward Shorter, The Making of the Modern Family (New York, 1975), 76.

5. 10. sept. 1758, Woodforde, denník, IV, 226, na rôznych miestach; 26. júl 1761, 7. mar. 1758, Turner, denník, 232, 141, na rôznych miestach; ECR, na rôznych miestach.

6. 14. jan., 14. mar., 10. a 15. nov. 1624, Beck, denník, 32, 61, 203, 206, na rôznych miestach; Jeroen Blaak, „Autobiographical Reading and Writing: The Diary of David Beck (1624)“, in Rudolph Dekker, ed., Egodocuments and History: Autobiographical Writing in Its Social Context since the Middle Ages (Hilversum, 2002), 61–87.

7. 23. jan. 1662, 5. jún 1661, Pepys, denník, III, 17, II, 115, na rôznych miestach.

8. Clare Williams, prekl., Thomas Platter’s Travels in England, 1599 (Londýn, 1937), 189; Keith Wrightson, „Alehouses, Order and Reformation in Rural England, 1590–1660“, Eileen a Stephen Yeo ed, Popular Culture and Class Conflict, 1590–1914: Explorations in the History of Labour and Leisure (Sussex, Angl., 1981), 10, na rôznych miestach; Burke, Popular Culture, 110; Peter Clark, The English Alehouse: A Social History (Londýn, 1983), na rôznych miestach; Thomas Brennan, Public Drinking and Popular Culture in Eighteenth-Century Paris (Princeton, N.J., 1988); B. Ann Tlusty, Bacchus and Civic Order: The Culture of Drink in Early Modern Germany (Charlottesville, Va., 2001).

9. Monsieur Sorbiere, A Voyage to England ... (Londýn, 1709), 62; LC, 6. jún 1761; William W. Hagen, „Village Life in East-Elbian Germany and Poland, 1400–1800: Subjections, Self-Defence, Survival“, in Tom Scott, ed., The Peasantries of Europe: From the Fourteenth to the Eighteenth Centuries (Harlow, Angl., 1998), 146; Wrightson, „Alehouses“, 2; Thomas, Religion and the Decline of Magic, 19; Hans-Joachim Voth, Time and Work in England 1750–1830 (Oxford, 2000), 80–81; Brennan, Public Drinking, 160–171; Tlusty, Bacchus, 150, 158, 187, na rôznych miestach.

10. OED, s.v. „kidney“; Daniel Defoe, The True-Born English-Man ... (Londýn, 1708), 15; L. H. Butterfield et al. eds., Diary and Autobiography of John Adams(Cambridge, Mass., 1961), I, 214; RB, I, 414; LC, 23. jan. 1762, 76; A. M., The Reformed Gentleman ... (Londýn, 1693), 49; LE-P, 23. jún 1763; Yves-Marie Bercé, History of Peasant Revolts: The Social Origins of Rebellion in Early Modern France, prekl. Amanda Whitmore (Ithaca, N.Y., 1990), 59.

11. The Works of Mr. Thomas Brown in Prose and Verse . . . (Londýn, 1708), 3; 30. máj 1760, Butterfield et al., eds., Adams Diary and Autobiography, I, 130; John Addy, Sin and Society in the Seventeenth Century (Londýn, 1989), 141; A. Lynn Martin, Alcohol, Sex, and Gender in Late Medieval and Early Modern Europe (New York, 2001), 89–91; RB, VII, 231; Richard Rawlidge, A Monster Late Found Out ... (Londýn, 1628), 6.

12. A Curtaine Lecture (Londýn, 1638), 7.

13. David Herlihy, Cities and Society in Medieval Italy (Londýn, 1980), 136; Jeffrey R. Watt, „The Impact of the Reformation and Counter-Reformation“, in FLEMT, 147–150; Edward Muir, Ritual in Early Modern Europe (Cambridge, 1997), 135.

14. 6. jan. 1761, Butterfield et al., eds., Adams Diary and Autobiography, I, 195; Sara Mendelson and Particia Crawford, Women in Early Modern England, 1550–1720 (Oxford, 1998), 119.

15. Shakespeare, The Rape of Lucrece, 674; Ménétra, Journal, 37–38, 168. Tiež pozri Jack Ayres, ed., Paupers and Pig Killers: The Diary of William Holland: A Somerset Parson, 1799–1818 (Gloucester, Angl., 1984), 19.

16. David P. French, comp., Minor English Poets, 1660–1780 (New York, 1967), III, 318; Paroimiographia (britsky), 4; John S. Farmer, ed., Merry Songs and Ballads Prior to the Year a.d. 1800 (New York, 1964), IV, 6; Lusts Dominion; or, the Lascivious Queen (Londýn, 1657); John Lough, France Observed in the Seventeenth Century by British Travellers (Boston, 1985), 119; „A New and Accurate Description of the City of Rome ... “, Town and Country Magazine 24 (1792), 261; ECR, IX, 29.

17. Maurice Andrieux, Daily Life in Venice in the Time of Casanova, prekl. Mary Fitton (Londýn, 1972), 128; Shakespeare, Romeo and Juliet, II, 2, 165; Hannah Richards, bez datovania, Suffolk Court Files #874, Suffolk County Court House, Boston; J. Douglas Porteous, Landscapes of the Mind: Worlds of Sense and Metaphor (Toronto, 1990), 7; Takashi Tomita, Yoru no Shinrijutsu: Hiru Kara Yoru e no Kåodåo, Korkoro no Henka o (Tokio, 1986), 13; Darrell L. Butler and Paul M. Biner, „Preferred Lighting Levels: Variability Among Settings, Behaviors, and Individuals“, Environment and Behavior 19 (1987), 696, 702, 709, 710.

18. Grose, Dictionary; Robert Abbot, The Young Mans Warning-Piece ... (Londýn, 1657), 35 (prevzaté Jób 24:15); F. Platter, Journal, 80; Samuel Rowlands, The Night-Raven (Londýn, 1620); Wendy Doniger, The Bedtrick: Tales of Sex and Masquerade (Chicago, 2000), na rôznych miestach; Joanne Bailey, Unquiet Lives: Marriage and Marriage Breakdown in England, 1660–1800 (Cambridge, 2003), 140–167.

19. 18. aug., 2. jún 1668, 8. nov. 1665, 9. apr. 1667, Pepys, denník, IX, 282, 221, VI, 294, VIII, 159, na rôznych miestach; Lawrence Stone, The Family, Sex and Marriage in England 1500–1800 (New York, 1977), 552–561.

20. Frederick J. Furnivall, ed., Phillip Stubbes’s Anatomy of the Abuses in England in Shakespeare’s Youth a.d. 1583 (Londýn, 1877), I, 149; David Cressy, Birth, Marriage & Death: Ritual, Religion, and the Life-Cycle in Tudor and Stuart England (Oxford, 1997), 352; Moryson, Unpublished Itinerary, 380.

21. Brand 1848, II, 229; Clodagh Tait, Death, Burial and Commemoration in Ireland, 1550–1650 (New York, 2002), 34–35; Cressy, Birth, Marriage & Death, 427; Margo Todd, The Culture of Protestantism in Early Modern Scotland (New Haven, 2002), 212–213; Edward MacLysaght, Irish Life in the Seventeenth Century(1950; rpt. edn., New York, 1970), 318.

22. Darryl Ogier, „Night Revels and Werewolfery in Calvinist Guernsey“, Folklore 109 (1998), 54; Jean-Louis Flandrin, Families in Former Times: Kinship, Household and Sexuality, prekl. Richard Southern (Cambridge, 1979), 108–109; John McManners, Church and Society in Eighteenth-Century France (Oxford, 1999), II, 203; Steven Ozment, Flesh and Spirit: Private Life in Early Modern Germany (New York, 1999), 208.

23. Farmer, ed., Songs and Ballads, II, 82; Gloria L. Main, Peoples of a Spacious Land: Families and Cultures in Colonial New England (Cambridge, Mass., 2001), 7; C. Scott Dixon, The Reformation and Rural Society: The Parishes of Brandenburg-Ansbach-Kulmbach, 1528–1603 (Cambridge, 1996), 112, 128; Griffiths, Youth, 258; Paroimiographia (British), 25; Thomas Willard Robisheaux, „The Origins of Rural Wealth and Poverty in Hohenlohe, 1470–1680“ (Ph.D. diss., Univ. of Virginia, 1981), 170; Sara Tilghman Nalle, God in La Mancha: Religious Reform and the People of Cuenca, 1500–1650 (Baltimore, 1985), 28–29; Schindler, „Youthful Culture“, 256.

24. 19. aug. 1794, Drinker, denník, I, 584; The Roving Maids of Aberdeen’s Garland ([Edinburgh?], 1776); 10. feb. 1873, William Plomer, ed., Kilvert’s Diary: Selections from the Diary of the Rev. Francis Kilvert ... (Londýn, 1971), II. 322. Tiež pozri Charles Woodmason, The Carolina Backcountry on the Eve of the Revolution ... , ed. Richard J. Hooker (Chapel Hill, N.C., 1953), 100.

25. Roger Lonsdale, The New Book of Eighteenth-Century Verse (Oxford, 1984), 405; George Parfitt a Ralph Houlbrooke, eds., The Courtship Narrative of Leonard Wheatcroft, Derbyshire Yeoman (Reading, Angl., 1986), 52; Émile Guillaumin, The Life of a Simple Man, ed. Eugen Weber, prekl. Margaret Crosland (Hanover, N.H., 1983), 41, 43–44.

26. Lochwd, Ymddiddan Rhwng Mab a Merch, Y’nghylch Myned I Garu yn y Gwely (n.p., [1800s]), 4.

27. A Tour in Ireland in 1775 (Londýn, 1776), 103–104; Ernest W. Marwick, The Folklore of Orkney and Shetland (Totowa, N.J., 1975), 86; Rosalind Mitchison a Leah Lenman, Sexuality and Social Control: Scotland, 1660–1780 (Oxford, 1989), 180; A Tour in Ireland in 1775 (Londýn, 1776), 103. Pre informácie o ranej Amerike nielen o Novom Anglicku, ale aj o New Jersey a Pennsylvánii, pozri Richard Godbeer, Sexual Revolution in Early America (Baltimore, 2002), 246–255; Laurel Thatcher Ulrich a Lois K. Stabler, “‘Girling of it’ in Eighteenth-Century New Hampshire“, Annual Proceedings, Dublin Seminar for New England Folklife (1985), 24–36; „John Hunt’s Diary“, New Jersey Historical Society Proceedings 53 (1935), 111, 112, 122; John Robert Shaw, An Autobiography of Thirty Years, 1777–1807, ed. Oressa M. Teagarden a Jeanne L. Crabtree (Columbus, Ohio, 1992), 108; Bernard Chevignard, „Les Voyageurs Europeens et la Pratique du ‘Bondelage’ (Bundling) en Nouvelle-Angleterre a la Fin du XVIIIe Siècle“, in L’Amerique et l’Europe: Réalities et Représentations (Aix-en-Provence, 1986), 75–87.

28. 5. máj 1663, William L. Sachse, ed., The Diary of Roger Lowe of Ashton-in-Makerfield, Lancashire, 1663–74 (New Haven, 1938), 20, na rôznych miestach; Reports of Special Assistant Poor Law Commissioners on the Employment of Women and Children in Agriculture (1843; rpt. edn., New York, 1968), 365; Griffiths, Youth, 259–261; 5. apr. 18, 1765, Turner, denník, 318, 320; Parfitt and Houlbrooke, eds., Courtship, 53, na rôznych miestach.

29. Tour in Ireland, 103–104; Rudolf Braun, Industrialization and Everyday Life, prekl. Sarah Hanbury Tension (Cambridge, 1990), 44; J.-L. Flandrin, „Repression and Change in the Sexual Life of Young People in Medieval and Early Modern Times“, in Robert Wheaton and Tamara K. Hareven, eds., Family and Sexuality in French History (Philadelphia, 1980), 34–35.

30. Enid Porter, Cambridgeshire Customs and Folklore (New York, 1969), 5; Les Nuits d’Épreuve des Villageoises Allemandes ... (Paríž, 1861), 8.

31. Cannon, denník, 137.

32. Howard C. Rice, Jr., and Anne S. K. Brown, prekl. a eds., The American Campaigns of Rochambeau’s Army 1780, 1781, 1782, 1783 (Princeton, N.J., 1972), I, 245; Michael Drake, Population and Society in Norway 1735–1865 (Cambridge, 1969), 144; Henry Reed Stiles, Bundling: Its Origin, Progress and Decline in America (1871; rpt. edn., New York, 1974), 33; Stone, Family, Sex and Marriage, 606.

33. Moryson, Unpublished Itinerary, 385; Hugh Jones, O Gerddi Newyddion (n.p., [1783?]), 3; Rice, Jr., a Brown, prekl. a eds., Rochambeau’s Army, I, 32, 169; Drake, Population, 144; Christine D. Worobec, Peasant Russia: Family and Community in the Post-Emancipation Period (Princeton, N.J., 1991), 138–139; Flandrin, „Repression“, 36.

34. Lochwd, Ymddiddan Rhwng Mab a Merch, 4; Stiles, Bundling, 96, 29–30; Flandrin, „Repression“, 36; Dana Doten, The Art of Bundling: Being an Inquiry into the Nature & Origins of that Curious but Universal Folk-Custom ... (Weston, Vt., 1938), 156; History and Journal of Charles Joseph de Losse de Bayac, 1763–1783, I, Manuscripts Department, Alderman Library, University of Virginia, Charlottesville; Jack Larkin, The Reshaping of Everyday Life, 1790–1840 (New York, 1988), 193–195, 199; Martine Segalen, Historical Anthropology of the Family, prekl. J. C. Whitehouse a Sarah Matthews (Cambridge, 1986), 130–131.

35. Flandrin, „Repression“, 35–36; John R. Gillis, For Better, For Worse: British Marriages, 1600 to the Present (New York, 1985), 30–31; Moryson, Unpublished Itinerary, 385.

36. Jollie’s Sketch of Cumberland Manners and Customs ... (1811; rpt. edn., Beckermet, Eng., 1974), 40; Bernard Capp, English Almanacs, 1500–1800: Astrology and the Popular Press (Ithaca, N.Y., 1979), 122.

37. 8. feb. 1779, Sanger, Journal, 29; Farmer, ed., Songs and Ballads, IV, 220–222.

38. Bräker, Life, 96; Rice, Jr., a Brown, prekl. a eds., Rochambeau’s Army, I, 245; Baker, Folklore and Customs of Rural England, 139; Les Nuits d’Épreuve, 9; Sara F. Matthews Grieco, „The Body, Appearance, and Sexuality“, in HWW III, 69; Stone, Family, 607; Gillis, British Marriages, 30; Shorter, Family, 103.

39. Cereta, Collected Letters of a Renaissance Feminist, ed. Diana Maury Robin (Chicago, 1997), 34.

40. Leo P. McCauley, S. J. a Anthony A. Stephenson, prekl., The Works of Saint Cyril of Jerusalem (Washington, D.C., 1969), I, 188; Another Collection of Philosophical Conferences of the French Virtuosi of France ... , prekl. G. Havers a J. Davies (Londýn, 1665), 316–317; Daniello Bartoli, La Ricreazione del Savio(Parma, 1992), 192–193.

41. Burton E. Stevenson, The Home Book of Proverbs, Maxims and Familiar Phrases (New York, 1948), 1686; Lucien Febvre, Life in Renaissance France, ed. a prekl. Marion Rothstein (Cambridge, Mass., 1977), 34–36; ODNB, s.v. „Elizabeth Carter“ and „John Scott“; Cecile M. Jagodzinski, Privacy and Print: Reading and Writing in Seventeenth-Century England (Charlottesville, Va., 1999), 13; Raffaella Sarti, Europe at Home: Family and Material Culture, 1500–1800, prekl. Allan Cameron (New Haven, 2002), 138–139.

42. William Davenant, The Works ... (Londýn, 1673); Roger Chartier, „The Practical Impact of Writing“, in HPL III, 111–124.

43. J. R. Hale, Machiavelli and Renaissance Italy (Londýn, 1972), 112; Chartier, „Writing“, 124–157; Jagodzinski, Privacy and Print, 2–6; Anthony Grafton, „The Humanist as Reader“, in Guglielmo Cavallo and Roger Chartier, A History of Reading in the West, prekl. Lydia G. Cochrane (Amherst, Mass., 1999), 179–181.

44. 19. máj 1667, Pepys, denník, VIII, 223, X, 34–39; 4. nov. 1624, Beck, denník, 199–200, na rôznych miestach; Canon, denník, 41, 56; Blaak, „Reading and Writing“, 64–76, 83–87.

45. 27. apr. 1706, Cowper, denník, na rôznych miestach; Jagodzinski, Privacy and Print, 20, 25–43; François Lebrun, „The Two Reformations: Communal Devotion and Personal Piety“ a Chartier, „Writing“, in HPL III, 96–104, 130–134.

46. Yehonatan Eibeshitz, Yearot Devash (Jeruzalem, 2000), 371; Rabbi Aviel, ed. Mishnah Berurah: Laws Concerning Miscellaneous Blessings, the Minchah Service, the Ma’ariv Service and Evening Conduct ... (Jeruzalem, 1989), 413; Salo Wittmayer Baron, The Jewish Community: Its History and Structure to the American Revolution (Westport, Ct., 1972), II, 169, 176, III, 163.

47. Thomas Wright, Autobiography . . . 1736–1797 (Londýn, 1864), 24; Steven Ozment, Three Behaim Boys Growing Up in Early Modern Germany: A Chronicle of Their Lives (New Haven, 1990), 103; Alexander Teixeira de Mattos, prekl., The Memoirs of François René Vicomte de Chateaubriand ... (New York, 1902), I, 54.

48. 31. dec. 1666, Pepys, denník, VII, 426, X, 174–176, na rôznych miestach; 26. apr. 1740, Kay, denník, 34.

49. Tilley, Proverbs in England, 79; 2. jan. 1624, Beck, denník, 27–28, na rôznych miestach; Cereta, Letters, ed. Robin, 101, 31–32, na rôznych miestach; Lorraine Reams, „Night Thoughts: The Waking of the Soul: The Nocturnal Contemplations of Love, Death, and the Divine in the Eighteenth-Century and Nineteenth-Century French Epistolary Novel and Roman-Mémoire“ (Ph.D. diss., Univ. of North Carolina alebo Chapel Hill, 2000), 138; William Riley Parker, Milton: A Biography (Oxford, 1968), I, 578, II, 710; Blaak, „Reading and Writing“, 79–87; Chartier, „Writing“, Madeleine Foisil, „The Literature of Intimacy“, and Jean Marie Goulemont, „Literary Practices: Publicizing the Private“, in HPL III, 115–117, 157–159, 327–332, 380–383.

50. Henry Halford Vaughan, ed., Welsh Proverbs with English Translations (1889; rpt. edn., Detroit, 1969), 94; Michael J. Mikos, ed., Polish Renaissance Literature: An Anthology (Columbus, Ohio, 1995), 168; RB, I, 84.

ÔSMA KAPITOLA

1. Shakespeare, Antony and Cleopatra, III, 13, 184–187.

2. Verdon, Night, 127–131; Pierre Jonin, „L’Espace et le Temps de la Nuit dans les Romans de Chrètiens de Troyes“, Mélanges de Langue et de Littérature Médiévales Offerts à Alice Planche 48 (1984), 242–246; Gary Cross, A Social History of Leisure Since 1600 (State College, Pa., 1990), 17–18.

3. Edward Ward, The London Spy (1709; rpt. edn., New York, 1985), 43; Koslofsky, „Court Culture“, 745–748; Thomas D’Urfey, The Two Queens of Brentford(Londýn, 1721); Another Collection of Philosophical Conferences of the French Virtuosi ... , prekl. G. Havers a J. Davies (Londýn, 1665), 419; Schindler, Rebellion, 194–195.

4. Denník Roberta Moodyho, 1660–1663, Rawlinson Coll. D. 84, Bodl.; Marie-Claude Canova-Green, Benserade Ballets pour Louis XIV (Paríž, 1997), 93–160.

5. Ben Sedgley, Observations on Mr. Fielding’s Enquiry into the Causes of the Late Increase of Robbers ... (Londýn, 1751), 8; „A Short Account, by Way of Journal, of What I Observed Most Remarkable in My Travels ... “, 2. jún 1697, Historical Manuscripts Commission., 8th Report, diel 1 (1881), 99–100; Marcelin Defourneaux, Daily Life in Spain: The Golden Age, prekl. Newton Branch (New York, 1971), 70–71; Koslofsky, „Court Culture“, 745–748; Thomas Burke, English Night-Life: From Norman Curfew to Present Black-Out (New York, 1971), 11–22.

6. Tobias George Smollet, Humphry Clinker, ed. James L. Thorson (New York, 1983), I, 87; P. Brydone, A Tour through Sicily and Malta ... (Londýn, 1773), II, 87–90; Remarks 1717, 56; Sedgley, Observations, 8; The Memoirs of Charles-Lewis, Baron de Pollnitz ... (Londýn, 1739), I, 222; Burke, Night-Life, 23–70, na rôznych miestach.

7. US and WJ, 28. feb. 1730; Vanessa Harding, The Dead and the Living in Paris and London, 1500–1670 (Cambridge, 2002), 197, na rôznych miestach; Craig M. Koslofsky, The Reformation of the Dead: Death and Ritual in Early Modern Germany, 1450–1700 (New York, 2000), 138, 133–152, na rôznych miestach; Clare Gittings, Death, Burial and the Individual in Early Modern England (Londýn, 1984), 188–200.

8. Richards, The Tragedy of Messallina (Londýn, 1640).

9. Walter R. Davis, ed., The Works of Thomas Campion ... (New York, 1967), 147; Terry Castle, „The Culture of Travesty: Sexuality and Masquerade in Eighteenth-Century England“, in G. S. Rousseau and Roy Porter, eds., Sexual Underworlds of the Englightenment (Manchester, 1987), 158; Terry Castle, Masquerade and Civilization: The Carnivalesque in Eighteenth-Century English Culture and Fiction (Stanford, Calif., 1986).

10. The Rich Cabinet ... (Londýn, 1616), fo. 20; Sara Mendelson, „The Civility of Women in Seventeenth-Century England“, in Peter Burke et al., eds., Civil Histories: Essays Presented to Sir Keith Thomas (Oxford, 2000), 114; Stephen J. Greenblatt, Renaissance Self-Fashioning: From More to Shakespeare (Chicago, 1980).

11. Castle, Masquerade, 25, 1–109, na rôznych miestach; Castle, „Culture of Travesty“, 166–167; HMM and GA, 28. jan. 1755.

12. Castle, Masquerade, 73, 1–109, na rôznych miestach; „W.Z.“, GM 41 (1771), 404; WJ, 16. máj 1724; Occasional Poems, Very Seasonable and Proper for the Present Times ... (Londýn, 1726), 5; Amanda Vickery, The Gentleman’s Daughter: Women’s Lives in Georgian England (New Haven, 1998), 243.

13. Castle, Masquerade, 73, 1–109, na rôznych miestach; Nancy Lyman Roelker, ed. a prekl., The Paris of Henry of Navarre, as Seen by Pierre de l’Estoile: Selections from His Mémoires-Journaux (Cambridge, Mass., 1958), 58; Bulstrode Whitelock, The Third Charge ... (Londýn, 1723), 21.

14. Henry Alexander, prekl., Four Plays by Holberg (Princeton, N.J., 1946), 171.

15. Goffe, The Raging Turk (Londýn, 1631).

16. Alexander Hamilton, Gentleman’s Progress: The Itinerarium of Dr. Alexander Hamilton, 1744, ed. Carl Bridenbaugh (Chapel Hill, N.C., 1948), 177; PG, 23. dec. 1762.

17. Douglas Grant, ed., The Poetical Works of Charles Churchill (Oxford, 1956), 52, 55; John S. Farmer, ed., Merry Songs and Ballads prior to the Year a.d. 1800 (New York, 1964), III, 67; Anna Bryson, From Courtesy to Civility: Changing Codes of Conduct in Early Modern England (Oxford, 1998), 245, 246–275, na rôznych miestach.

18. 31. máj 1706, Cowper, denník; The Works of Mr. Thomas Brown in Prose and Verse ... (Londýn, 1708), III, 3; S. Johnson, London: A Poem ... (Londýn, 1739), 17; US and WJ, Apr. 11, 1730; Bryson, Courtesy to Civility, 248–249; Vickery, Daughter, 213–214; G.J. Barker-Benfield, The Culture of Sensibility: Sex and Society in Eighteenth-Century Britain (Chicago, 1992), 50–51.

19. Elborg Forster, ed. a prekl., A Woman’s Life in the Court of the Sun King: Letters of Liselotte von der Pfalz, 1652–1722 (Baltimore, 1984), 219; M. Dreux du Radier, Essai Historique, Critique, Philologuique, Politique, Moral, Litteraire et Galant, sur les Lanternes ... (Paríž, 1755), 92–96; Jeffry Kaplow, The Names of Kings: The Parisian Laboring Poor in the Eighteenth Century (New York, 1972), 106.

20. 10. okt. 1764, Frederick A. Pottle, ed., Boswell on the Grand Tour: Germany and Switzerland, 1764 (New York, 1953), 135; June 4, 1763, Frederick A. Pottle, ed., Boswell’s London Journal, 1762–1763 (New York, 1950), 272–273, 264 n.1, na rôznych miestach; Craig Harline and Eddy Put, A Bishop’s Tale: Matthias Hovius Among His Flock in Seventeenth-Century Flanders (New Haven, 2000), 253–254; John Owen, Travels into Different Parts of Europe, in the Years 1791 and 1792 ... (Londýn, 1796), II, 85.

21. Sara Mendelson a Patricia Crawford, Women in Early Modern England, 1550–1720 (Oxford, 1998), 109; Jerome Nadelhaft, „The Englishwoman’s Sexual Civil War: Feminist Attitudes towards Men, Women, and Marriage, 1650–1740“, Journal of the History of Ideas 43 (1982), 573, 576; Linda Pollock, “‘Teach Her to Live under Obedience’: The Making of Women in the Upper Ranks of Early Modern England“, Continuity and Change 4 (1989), 231–258.

22. Westward for Smelts. Or, the Water-man’s Fare of Mad-Merry Western Wenches ... (Londýn, 1620), 24; Giovannia Boccaccio, The Corbaccio, ed. a prekl. Anthony K. Cassell (Urbana, Ill., 1975), 28; George Chapman, An Humerous Dayes Myrth (Londýn, 1599), 9; 14. feb. 1668, Pepys, denník, IX, 71; apríl 1683, Wood, Life, 42; Jeffrey Merrick and Bryant T. Ragan, Jr., eds., Homosexuality in Early Modern France: A Documentary Collection (New York, 2001), 38; Piero Camporesi, Exotic Brew: The Art of Living in the Age of Enlightenment (Malden, Mass., 1994), 12.

23. Thomas D’Urfey, Squire Oldsapp: or, the Night-Adventures (Londýn, 1679), 29; 27. dec. 1775, Charles Ryskamp a Frederick A. Pottle, eds., Boswell: The Ominous Years, 1774–1776 (New York, 1963), 206, na rôznych miestach; Cecil Aspinall-Oglander, Admiral’s Widow: Being the Life and Letters of the Hon. Mrs. Edward Boscawen from 1761 to 1805 (Londýn, 1942), 88–89; 13. júl 1716, William Matthews, ed., The Diary of Dudley Ryder, 1715–1716 (Londýn, 1939), 274, na rôznych miestach; 5. jún 1763, Pottle, ed., Boswell’s London Journal, 273.

24. „A City Night-piece in Winter“, Walker’s Hibernian Magazine 9 (1779), 272; OBP, 28. apr. 1731, 16–17; „The Watchman’s Description of Covent Garden at Two o’Clock in the Morning“, Weekly Amusement (Londýn), 5. máj 1764.

25. „X.Y.“, LM, 26. jan. 1773; Graham Greene, Lord Rochester’s Monkey, Being the Life of John Wilmot, Second Earl of Rochester (Londýn, 1974), 106; 23. a 26. okt. 1668, 3. feb. 1664, Pepys, denník, IX, 335–336, 338–339, V, 37; „The Connoisseur“, HMM and GA, 18. mar. 1755; Bryson, Courtesy to Civility, 250, 254–255; James Grantham Turner, Libertines and Radicals in Early Modern London: Sexuality, Politics, and Literary Culture, 1630–1685 (Cambridge, 2002), 226–227.

26. Harold Love, ed., The Works of John Wilmot, Earl of Rochester (Oxford, 1999), 45; Guy Chapman, ed., The Travel-Diaries of William Beckford of Fonthill(Cambridge, 1928), II, 55; Robert Shoemaker, „Male Honour and the Decline of Public Violence in Eighteenth-Century London“, SH 26 (2001), 200; Bryson, Courtesy to Civility, 249; Barker-Benfield, Sensibility, 47; 3. máj 1709, Cowper, denník; Julius R. Ruff, Crime, Justice and Public Order in Old Regime France: The Sénéchaussées of Libourne and Bazas, 1696–1789 (Londýn, 1984), 91.

27. Thornton Shirley Graves, „Some Pre-Mohock Clansmen“, Studies in Philology 20 (1923), 395–421; Grose, Dictionary; Moryson, Unpublished Itinerary, 463; Helen Langdon, Caravaggio: A Life (New York, 1999), 133, 312–314.

28. Graves, „Pre-Mohock Clansmen“, 399, 395–421, na rôznych miestach; Bryson, Courtesy to Civility, 249; 30. máj 1668, Pepys, denník, IX, 218–219; The Town-Rakes: or, the Frolicks of the Mohocks or Hawkubites (Londýn, 1712); Swift, Journal, II, 524–525, 508–515, na rôznych miestach; 20. mar. 1712, Cowper, denník; Daniel Statt, „The Case of the Mohocks: Rake Violence in Augustan London“, SH 20 (1995), 179–199.

29. Shakespeare, 1 Henry IV, I, 2, 137–139, 159; Verdon, Night, 46; US and WJ, 11. apr. 1730; A Pleasant and Delightful Story of King Henry the VIII, and a Cobler(n.p., [1670?]); Theophilius Cibber, The Lives of the Poets of Great Britain and Ireland (1753; rpt. edn., Hildesheim, Ger., 1968), II, 289; Roelker, ed. a prekl., Paris of Henry of Navarre, 52, 47, 77; Edouard Fournier, Les Lanternes: Histoire de l’Ancien Éclairage de Paris (Paríž, 1854), 15; Matthiessen, Natten, 134, 132; Benjamin Silliman, A Journal of Travels in England, Holland, and Scotland ... (New Haven, 1820), I, 179; Frederic J. Baumgartner, France in the Sixteenth Century (New York, 1995), 222.

DEVIATA KAPITOLA

1. Shakespeare, King John, I, 1, 172.

2. Thomas Dekker, The Seven Deadly Sinnes of London, ed. H.F.B. Brett-Smith (1606; rpt. edn., New York, 1922), 31; Eric Robinson et al., eds., The Early Poems of John Clare, 1804–1822 (Oxford, 1989), II, 197; Douglas Grant, ed., The Poetical Works of Charles Churchill (Oxford, 1956), 58; E. P. Thompson, „Eighteenth-Century English Society: Class Struggle without Class?“, SH 3 (1978), 158; Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi and Eugene Rochberg-Halton, The Meaning of Things: Domestic Symbols and the Self (Cambridge, 1981), 16–52, na rôznych miestach.

3. 23. máj 1693, 25. máj 1686, Wood, Life, V, 423, 187; E.S. De Beer, ed., Diary of Mary, Countess Cowper (Londýn, 1864), I, 19; Legg, Low-Life, 93.

4. Franco Mormando, The Preacher’s Demons: Bernardino of Sienna and the Social Underworld of Early Renaissance Italy (Chicago, 1999), 85; 27. nov. 1625, [Andrés De La Vega], Memorias de Sevilla, 1600–1678, ed. Francisco Morales Padrón (Córdoba, 1981), 50; Thomas V. Cohen, „The Case of the Mysterious Coil of Rope: Street Life and Jewish Persona in Rome in the Middle of the Sixteenth Century“, Sixteenth Century Journal 19 (1988), 209–221; Elliot Horowitz, „The Eve of the Circumcision: A Chapter in the History of Jewish Nightlife“, JSH 23 (1989), 48; Anna Foa, The Jews of Europe after the Black Death, prekl. Andrea Grover (Berkeley, Calif., 2000), 143.

5. M[aster] Elias Schad, „True Account of an Anabaptist Meeting at Night in a Forest and a Debate Held There with Them“, Mennonite Quarterly Review 58 (1984), 292–295; E. Veryard, An Account of Divers Choice Remarks . . . Taken in a Journey ... (Londýn, 1701), 75; Famiano Strada, De Bello BelgioThe History of the Low-Countrey Warres, prekl. Sir Robert Stapylton (Londýn, [1650?]), 61–62; Henry Hibbert, Syntagma Theologicum ... (Londýn, 1662), 252; Natalie Zemon Davis, Society and Culture in Early Modern France (Stanford, Calif., 1975), 214.

6. 20. jan. 1640, Joseph Alfred Bradney, ed., The Diary of Walter Powell of Llantilo Crosseny in the County of Monmouth, Gentleman: 1603–1654 (Bristol, 1907), 25; Henry Fishwick, ed., The Note Book of the Rev. Thomas Jolly a.d. 1671–1693 (Manchester, 1894), 54, na rôznych miestach; David Cressy, Agnes Bowker’s Cat: Travesties and Transgressions in Tudor and Stuart England (Oxford, 2001), 116–137; Heywood, Diaries, I, na rôznych miestach.

7. F. P. Wilson, The Plague in Shakespeare’s London (Oxford, 1957), 61; Giula Calvi, Histories of a Plague Year: The Social and the Imaginary in Baroque Florence, prekl. Dario Biocca a Bryant T. Ragan, Jr. (Berkeley, Calif., 1989), 90–91; Daniel Defoe, A Journal of the Plague Year ... (1722; rpt. edn., Londýn, 1928), 233, na rôznych miestach; Walter George Bell, The Great Plague in London in 1665 (1924; rpt. edn., Londýn, 1979), 210.

8. Angeline Goreau, “‘Last Night’s Rambles’: Restoration Literature and the War Between the Sexes“, in Alan Bold, ed., The Sexual Dimension in Literature(Londýn, 1983), 51; OBP, 20. apr. 1726, 6; Michael Rocke, Forbidden Friendships: Homosexuality and Male Culture in Renaissance Florence (New York, 1996), 151–152, 154–155; Jeffrey Merrick and Bryant T. Ragan, Jr., eds., Homosexuality in Early Modern France: A Documentary Collection (New York, 2001), 59.

9. Katherine M. Rogers, ed., Selected Poems of Anne Finch, Countess of Winchilsea (New York, 1979), 157.

10. Paroimiographia (francúzsky), 28; Richard L. Kagan a Abigail Dyer, eds. a prekl., Inquisitorial Inquiries: Brief Lives of Secret Jews and Other Heretics(Baltimore, 2004), 97.

11. Joyce M. Ellis, The Georgian Town, 1680–1840 (New York, 2001), 74; Jütte, Poverty, 52–59, 146–149; Olwen H. Hufton, The Poor of Eighteenth-Century France, 1750–1789 (Oxford, 1974).

12. An Effectual Scheme for the Immediate Preventing of Street Robberies, and Suppressing All Other Disorders of the Night ... (Londýn, 1731), 33; Schindler, „Youthful Culture“, 271; Solomon Stoddard, Three Sermons Lately Preach’d at Boston ... (Boston, 1717), 104; Arthur Friedman, ed., Collected Works of Oliver Goldsmith (Oxford, 1966), 431.

13. Susan Brigden, „Youth and the English Reformation“, PP 95 (1982), 38, 44; Griffiths, Youth, 36, na rôznych miestach; Gary Cross, A Social History of Leisure Since 1600 (State College, Pa., 1990), 15.

14. Nicetas: or, Temptations to Sin ... (Boston, 1705), 35; Schindler, „Youthful Culture“, 243, 278; 5. jún 1713, Diary of Cotton Mather (New York, [1957?]), I, 216; William Davenant, The Works ... (Londýn, 1673).

15. David Garrioch, The Making of Revolutionary Paris (Berkeley, Calif., 2002), 36; Tim Meldrum, Domestic Service and Gender, 1660–1750: Life and Work in the London Household (Harlow, Eng., 2000), 34–67, 92–110; Bridget Hill, Servants: English Domestics in the Eighteenth Century (Oxford, 1996), 101, 105–106; Griffiths, Youth, 314–321; Anne Kussmaul, Servants in Husbandry in Early Modern England (Cambridge, 1981); Cissie Fairchilds, Domestic Enemies: Servants & Their Masters in Old Regime France (Baltimore, 1984); Richard S. Dunn, „Servants and Slaves: The Recruitment and Employment of Labor“, in Jack P. Greene and J. R. Pole, eds., Colonial British America: Essays in the New History of the Early Modern Era (Baltimore, 1984), 157–194; Philip D. Morgan, Slave Counterpoint: Black Culture in the Eighteenth-Century Chesapeake and Lowcountry (Chapel Hill, N.C., 1998).

16. Nathaniel B. Shurtleff, ed., Records of the Governor and Company of the Massachusetts Bay in New England (Boston, 1854), V, 62; 27. aug. 1705, Cowper, denník; SAS, XIV, 397.

17. Hillary Beckles, Black Rebellion in Barbados: The Struggle Against Slavery, 1627–1838 (Bridgetown, Barbados, 1987), 70; David A. Copeland, Colonial American Newspapers: Character and Content (Newark, Del., 1997), 134; Sarah McCulloh Lemmon, ed., The Pettigrew Papers (Raleigh, N.C., 1971), I, 398; Morgan, Slave Counterpoint, 524–526, na rôznych miestach.

18. Weinsberg, denník, IV, 11; PG, 2. aug. 1750; Peter H. Wood, Black Majority: Negroes in Colonial South Carolina from 1670 through the Stono Rebellion (New York, 1974), 257.

19. Tim Harris, „Perceptions of the Crowd in Later Stuart London“, in J. F. Merritt, ed., Imagining Early Modern London: Perceptions and Portrayals of the City from Stow to Strype, 1598–1720 (Cambridge, 2001), 251; George P. Rawick, ed., The American Slave: A Composite Autobiography (Westport, Ct., 1972), XV, 365; Samuel Phillips, Advice to a Child ... (Boston, 1729), 49, na rôznych miestach.

20. 3. feb. 1772, Carter, denník, II, 648; James Lackington, Memoirs of the First Forty-Five Years ... (Londýn, 1792), 35; Edward Ward, The Rambling Rakes, or, London Libertines (Londýn, 1700), 9; Meldrum, Domestic Service, 168–169.

21. Piero Camporesi, The Land of Hunger (Cambridge, Mass., 1996), 132; Louis Châtellier, The Religion of the Poor: Rural Missions in Europe and the Formation of Modern Catholicism, c.1500–c.1800, prekl. Brian Pearce (Cambridge, 1997), 171; Guy Chapman, ed., The Travel-Diaries of William Beckford of Fonthill(Cambridge, 1928), II, 54; „An Inhabitant of Bloomsbury“, PA, 8. aug. 1770; Bronislaw Geremek, Poverty: A History (Oxford, 1994), 215; Jeffry Kaplow, The Names of Kings: The Parisian Laboring Poor in the Eighteenth Century (New York, 1972), 108.

22. John Bruce, ed., Diary of John Manningham ... (1868; rpt. edn., New York, 1968), 83; The Vocal Miscellany: A Collection of Above Four Hundred Celebrated Songs ... (Londýn, 1734), 120.

23. Willie Lee Rose, ed., A Documentary History of Slavery in North America (New York, 1976), 19; J.F.D. Smyth, A Tour in the United States of America (Londýn, 1784), I, 46; Roger D. Abrahams, Singing the Master: The Emergence of African American Culture in the Plantation South (New York, 1982), 5; Mark M. Smith, „Time, Slavery and Plantation Capitalism in the Ante-Bellum American South“, PP 150 (1996), 160.

24. Lottin, Chavatte, 141; Pieter Spierenburg, „Knife Fighting and Popular Codes of Honor in Early Modern Amsterdam“, in Pieter Spierenburg, ed., Men and Violence: Gender, Honor, and Rituals in Modern Europe and America (Columbus, Ohio, 1998), 108; Ann Tlusty, „The Devil’s Altar: The Tavern and Society in Early Modern Augsburg (Germany)“ (Ph. D. diss., Univ. of Maryland, 1994), 184; OBP, 11. sep. 1735, 110; The Countryman’s Guide to London or, Villainy Detected ... (Londýn, 1775), 78; Thomas Brennan, Public Drinking and Popular Culture in Eighteenth-Century Paris (Princeton, N.J., 1988), 282–283, na rôznych miestach; Merry E. Wiesner, Working Women in Renaissance Germany (New Brunswick, N.J., 1986), 133–134; Daniel Roche, The People of Paris: An Essay in Popular Culture in the 18th Century, prekl. Marie Evans (Leamington Spa, Angl., 1987), 255; 3. feb. 1772, Carter, denník, II, 649.

25. Hardy, The Life and Death of the Mayor of Casterbridge: A Story of a Man of Character (New York, 1984), 307.

26. Erskine Beveridge, comp., a J. D. Westwood, ed., Fergusson’s Scottish Proverbs ... (Edinburgh, 1924), 39; Legg, Low-Life, 21; Bargellini, „Vita Notturna“, 83; F. Platter, Journal, 89–90; Fernando de Rojas, The Celestina: A Novel in Dialogue, prekl. Lesley Byrd Simpson (Berkeley, Calif., 1971), 81; Ernest A. Gray, ed., The Diary of a Surgeon in the Year 1751–1752 (New York, 1937), 74–75; WJ, 20. mar. 1725.

27. Laura Gowing, “‘The Freedom of the Streets’: Women and Social Space, 1560–1640“, v podaní Marka S. R. Jennera a Paula Griffithsa, Londinopolis: Essays in the Cultural and Social History of Early Modern London (Manchester, 2000), 143; Linda A. Pollock, „Parent-Child Relations“, in FLEMT, 215–217; Alan Williams, The Police of Paris, 1718–1789 (Baton Rouge, 1979), 196; Jane Brewerton, 29. feb. 1760, Assi 45/26/4/6.

28. 23. jan. 1574, I. H. Van Eeghen, ed., Dagboek Van Broeder Wouter Jacobsz (Gaultherus Jacobi Masius Prior Van Stein: Amsterdam, 1572–1578, En Montfoort, 1578–1579) (Gronningen, Neth., 1959), 359.

29. Thomas Dekker, The Seven Deadly Sinnes of London, ed. H.F.B. Brett-Smith (New York, 1922), 41; Nicolas-Edme Restif de la Bretonne, Les Nuits de Paris or the Nocturnal Spectator (New York, 1964), 68; Select Trials, II, 11; Legg, Low-Life, 100; Wilson, English Proverbs, 542; OED, s.v. „flitting“.

30. Dekker, Writings, 230; Richard Head, The Canting Academy; or Villanies Discovered ... (Londýn, 1674), 37, 40; Roger B. Manning, Village Revolts: Social Protest and Popular Disturbances in England, 1509–1640 (Oxford, 1988), 173; Gilbert Slater, The English Peasantry and the Enclosure of Common Fields (1907; rpt. edn., New York, 1968), 119–120; Hugh Evans, The Gorse Glen, prekl. E. Morgan Humphreys (Liverpool, 1948), 70.

31. Carol F. Karlsen, The Devil in the Shape of a Woman: Witchcraft in Colonial New England (New York, 1987), 159; Alan Taylor, „The Early Republic’s Supernatural Economy: Treasure Seeking in the American Northeast, 1780–1830“, American Quarterly 38 (1986), 6–34 (za poskytnutie kópie článku ďakujem Alanovi Taylorovi); William W. Hagen, Ordinary Prussians: Brandenburg, Junkers and Villagers, 1500–1840 (Cambridge, 2002), 479; W. R. Jones, “‘Hill-Diggers’ and ‘Hell-Raisers’: Treasure Hunting and the Supernatural in Old and New England“, in Peter Benes, ed., Wonders of the Invisible World: 1600–1900(Boston, 1995), 97–106. Tiež pozri Benjamin Franklin, Writings, ed. J. A. Leo Lemay (New York, 1987), 113–115.

32. PA, 3. jan. 1786; Rose, ed., Slavery, 460; Malcolm Letts, „Johannes Butzbach, a Wandering Scholar of the Fifteenth Century“, English Historical Review 32 (1917), 31; Thomas, Relgion and the Decline of Magic, 506–523; H. C. Erik Midelfort, „Were There Really Witches“, in Robert M. Kingdon, ed., Transition and Revolution: Problems and Issues of European Renaissance and Reformation History (Minneapolis, 1974), 198–199; David Thomas Konig, Law and Society in Puritan Massachusetts: Essex County, 1629–1692 (Chapel Hill, N.C., 1979), 145–179, na rôznych miestach.

33. Karlsen, Shape of a Woman, 140; SWP, II, 413; NHTR, II, 130–131.

34. Pinkerton, Travels, III, 316; Carmina Medii Aevi (Torino, 1961), 35; Jütte, Poverty, 152–153. Tiež pozri Letters from Barbary, France, Spain, Portugal ... (Londýn, 1788), II, 113.

35. 2. jún 1663, Pepys, denník, IV, 171; Beattie, Crime, 173–175. Tiež pozri Best, Books, 35.

36. Domestic Management, or the Art of Conducting a Family; with Instructions to Servants in General (Londýn, 1740), 59; Pinkerton, Travels, III, 316; 22. mar. 1770, Carter, denník, I, 372; John Greaves Nall, ed., Etymological and Comparative Glossary of the Dialect of East Anglia (Londýn, 1866), 521; William Hector, ed., Selections from the Judicial Records of Renfrewshire ... (Paisley, Škót., 1876), 203–204.

37. Newton D. Mereness, ed., Travels in the American Colonies, 1690–1783 (New York, 1916), 592, 606–607; John C. Fitzpatrick, ed., The Writings of George Washington (Washington, D.C., 1939), XXXII, 264; Richard Parkinson, The Experienced Farmer’s Tour in America (Londýn, 1805), 446–447; James M. Rosenheim, ed., The Notebook of Robert Doughty, 1662–1665 (Norfolk, 1989), 39; Morgan, Slave Counterpoint, na rôznych miestach.

38. Manning, Village Revolts, 296, 284–305, na rôznych miestach; Rachel N. Klein, „Ordering the Backcountry: The South Carolina Regulation“, WMQ, 3. séria, 38 (1981), 671–672.

39. Robert Bell, Early Ballads ... (Londýn, 1889), 436–437; David Davies, The Case of Labourers in Husbandry ... (Dublin, 1796), 77; Spike Mays, Reuben’s Corner(Londýn, 1969), 197; Frank McLynn, Crime and Punishment in Eighteenth-Century England (Londýn, 1989), 172–197. Tiež pozri Walker’s Hibernian Magazine, apríl 1792, 296.

40. LEP, 5. okt. 1738; Arthur Walter Slater, ed., Autobiographical Memoir of Joseph Jewell, 1763–1846 (Londýn, 1964), 134; Cal Winslow, „Sussex Smugglers“, in Douglas Hay et al., eds., Albion’s Fatal Tree: Crime and Society in Eighteenth-Century England (New York, 1975), 119–166; Hufton, Poor of Eighteenth-Century France, 284–305.

41. Defoe, Tour, I, 123; OED, s.v. „owler“; McLynn, Crime and Punishment, 177; Burton E. Stevenson, The Home Book of ProverbsMaxims and Familiar Phrases(New York, 1948), 1623; Eric Partridge, ed., A Dictionary of the Underworld ... (New York, 1950),449; 13. dec. 1794, Woodforde, denník, IV, 160, na rôznych miestach; Slater, ed., Jewell Memoir, 135; „Extract of a Letter from Orford“, LC, 23. mar. 1782; John Kelso Hunter, The Retrospect of an Artist’s Life: Memorials of West Countrymen and Manners of the Past Half Century (Kilmarnock, Scot., 1912), 42.

42. T.J.A. Le Goff and D.M.G. Sutherland, „The Revolution and the Rural Community in Eighteenth-Century Brittany“, PP 62 (1974), 100; Jütte, Poverty, 153–156. Na rozdiel od pašovania, „rabovanie“, pri ktorom obyvatelia pobrežia drancovali stroskotané lode, nebolo výlučne nočným zločinom. Napriek niekoľkým obvineniam, že na pobreží sa v noci objavovali svetlá, ktoré mali prilákať lode na plytčinu, existuje málo dôkazov. Vraky boli rabované čo najskôr, bez ohľadu na hodinu. Pozri „An Act for Enforcing the Laws Against Persons Who Shall Steal or Detain Shipwrecked Goods ... “, 26 George II c.19; W. H. Porter, A Fenman’s Story (Londýn, 1965), 129; John G. Rule, „Wrecking and Coastal Plunder“, in Hay et al., eds., Albion’s Fatal Tree, 180–181.

43. Tobias Smollett, Travels through France and Italy (Oxford, 1979), 215; Cannon, denník, 183; OBP, 18. sep. 1752, 244; Richard Jefferson, 16. okt. 1734, Assi 45/20/1/9; D. R. Hainsworth, Stewards, Lords, and People: The Estate Steward and His World in Later Stuart England (Cambridge, 1992), 208–209; Jim Bullock, Bowers Row: Recollections of a Mining Village (Wakefield, Eng., 1976), 163; Douglas Hay, „Poaching and the Game Laws on Canock Chase“, in Hay et al., eds., Albion’s Fatal Tree, 201–202; Manning, Village Revolts, 293; Douglas Hay „War, Dearth and Theft in the Eighteenth Century: The Record of the English Courts“, PP 95 (1982), 117–160. Ako povedal E. P. Thompson: „Muž, ktorý vo dne drie na panskom – a zapíše sa do dejín ako príklad úcty – môže v noci pokojne zabiť ovce, loviť bažanty alebo otráviť psy svojho pána.“ (Customs in Common: Studies in Traditional Popular Culture [New York, 1991], 66).

44. Robert M. Isherwood, Farce and Fantasy: Popular Entertainment in Eighteenth-Century Paris (New York, 1986), 208; Roger Thompson, Unfit for Modest Ears: A Study of Pornographic, Obscene and Bawdy Works Written or Published in England in the Second Half of the Seventeenth Century (Totowa, N.J., 1979), 59; Alexander Hamilton, Gentleman’s Progress: The Itinerarium of Dr. Alexander Hamilton, 1744, ed. Carl Bridenbaugh (Chapel Hill, N.C., 1948), 46; „T.S.C.P.“, PA, Nov. 13, 1767; Kathryn Norberg, „Prostitutes“, in HWW III, 459–474.

45. Helen Langdon, Caravaggio: A Life (New York, 1999), 144; Ferrante Pallavicino, The Whores Rhetorick . . . (Londýn, 1683), 144; OBP, na rôznych miestach; Norberg, „Prostitutes“, 462, 472–474.

46. OBP, 7.-12. dec. 1743, 13, 9.-11. dec. 1747, 15; J. M. Beattie, „The Criminality of Women in Eighteenth-Century England“, JSH 8 (1975), 90.

47. Koslofsky, „Court Culture“, 759; Fréderique Pitou, „Jeunesse et Désordre Social: Les ‘Coureurs de Nuit’ à Laval au XVIIIe Siècle“, Revue d’Histoire Moderne et Contemporaine 47 (2000), 69; Ferdinando Bottarelli, The New Italian, English and French Pocket-Dictionary ... (Londýn, 1795), I; S.A.H. Burne, ed., The Staffordshire Quarter Sessions Rolls, 1581–[1606] (Kendall, Angl., 1940), V, 238; PA, 30. júl 1762; Davenant, WorksThe Acts and Resolves, Public and Private, of the Province of Massachusetts Bay (Boston, 1881), III, 647; Daniel Fabre, „Families: Privacy versus Custom“, in HPL III, 546–561.

48. Schindler, Rebellion, 210; Matthiessen, Natten, 137; Rudolf Braun, Industrialization and Everyday Life, prekl. Sarah Hanbury Tension (Cambridge, 1990), 84; Minutes of the Common Council of the City of Philadelphia, 1704–1776 (Philadelphia, 1847), 405; J. R. Ward, „A Planter and His Slaves in Eighteenth-Century Jamaica“, in T. C. Smout, ed., The Search for Wealth and Stability: Essays in Economic and Social History Presented to M. W. Flinn (Londýn, 1979), 19.

49. HMM and GA, 10. mar. 1752; Koslofsky, „Court Culture“, 760; Pitou, „Coureurs de Nuit“, 72, 82–84; Elisabeth Crouzet-Pavan, „Potere Politico e Spazio Sociale“, in Mario Sbriccoli, ed., La Notte: Ordine, Sicurezza e Disciplinamento in Età Moderna (Florencia, 1991), 61; Maurice Andrieux, Daily Life in Venice in the Time of Casanova, prekl. Mary Fitton (Londýn, 1972), 29; Elizabeth S. Cohen, „Honor and Gender in the Streets of Early Rome“, JIH 22 (1992), 597–625; Matthiessen, Natten, 129; Schindler, „Youthful Culture“, 258–260; Auguste Philippe Herlaut, „L’Èclairage des Rues à Paris à la Fin du XVIIe Siècle et au XVIIIe Siècles“, Mémoire de la Société de l’Histoire de Paris et de l’Ile-de-France 43 (1916), 221–222, 226.

50. Iona Opie and Moira Tatem, eds., A Dictionary of Superstitions (Oxford, 1989), 142; Washington Irving, History, Tales and Sketches, ed. James W. Tuttleton (New York, 1983), 1071–1072; Darryl Ogier, „Night Revels and Werewolfery in Calvinist Guernsey“, Folklore 109 (1998), 56–57; Lavater, Spirites, 21–22; A.Voisin, „Notes sur la Vie Urbaine au XV. Siècle: Dijon la Nuit“, Annales de Bourgogne 9 (1937), 271.

51. D. M. Ogier, Reformation and Society in Guernsey (Rochester, N.Y., 1996), 137; 30. apr. 1673, Isham, denník, 207; Pavan, „Nuit Vénitienne“, 345; Muchembled, Violence, 124.

52. Schindler, „Youthful Culture“, 275; Evelyn, denník, II, 472; 25. mar. 1668, Pepys, denník, IX, 133.

53. Moryson, Itinerary, IV, 373; Hannah Miurk[?], 28. feb. 1677, Suffolk Court Files #1549, Suffolk County Court House, Boston; Janekovick-Römer, „Dubrovniks“, 103; Koslofsky, „Court Culture“, 755; Jacques Rossiaud, „Prostitution, Youth, and Society“, in Robert Forster and Orest Ranum, eds., Deviants and the Abandoned in French Society: Selections from the Annales Economies, Sociétés, Civilisations, prekl. Elborg Forster a Patricia Ranum (Baltimore, 1978), 12–13; 16. aug. 1624, Beck, denník, 152; T. Platter, Journal, 249; George Huppert, After the Black Death: A Social History of Early Modern Europe (Bloomington, Ind., 1986), 38.

54. Fabre, „Families“, 547; Schindler, „Youthful Culture“, 261; 26. dec. 1718, Lewis, denník; James R. Farr, Hands of Honor: Artisans and Their World in Dijon, 1550–1650 (Ithaca, N.Y., 1988), 211; Muchembled, Violence, 124; Pitou, „Coureurs de Nuit“, 73–74. Tiež pozri 20. nov. 1680, Heywood, denník, I, 276.

55. Eli Faber, „The Evil That Men Do: Crime and Transgression in Colonial Massachusetts“ (Ph.D. diss., Columbia Univ., 1974), 168; VG, 28. aug. 1752; Boston Gazette, 8. jan. 1754; 6. sept. 1774, The Journal of Nicholas Cresswell (New York, 1924), 35; NYWJ, 22. máj 1738; Morgan, Slave Counterpoint, 394–398.

56. James C. Scott, „Everyday Forms of Peasant Resistance“, James C. Scott a Benedict J. Kerkvliet ed., Everyday Forms of Peasant Resistance in South-east Asia(Londýn, 1986), 6. To neznamená, že oslavy karnevalu niekedy neviedli k nepredvídanému porušovaniu poriadku, obzvlášť po zotmení. Pozri Davis, Society and Culture, 103–104, 117–119, 122–123; Mikhail Baktin, Rabelais and His World, prekl. Helene Iswoldky (Cambridge, Mass., 1968).

57. M. Dorothy George, London Life in the XVIIIth Century (Londýn, 1925), 280; Joe Thompson, The Life and Adventures ... (Londýn, 1788), I, 93; „Advice to Apprentices“, Walker’s Hibernian Magazine (1791), 151; Awnsham Churchill, comp., A Collection of Voyages and Travels ... (Londýn, 1746), VI, 542; Philip D. Morgan, „Black Life in Eighteenth-Century Charleston“, Perspectives in American History, New Ser., 1 (1984), 324–325; Fabre, „Families“, 550, 548.

58. Pitou, „Coureurs de Nuit“, 88; A Report of the Record Commissioners of the City of Boston, Containing the Selectmen’s Minutes from 1764 to 1768 (Boston, 1889), 100; OED, s.v. „scour“; Burne, ed., Staffordshire Quarter Sessions, V, 238. Tiež pozri Matthiessen, Natten, 137–139; „John Blunt“, G and NDA, Oct. 31, 1765.

59. George, London Life, 400 n. 101; OBP, 7. sept. 1737, 187, 190.

60. Defoe, Tour, I, 123; Robert Semple, Observations on a Journey through Spain and Italy to Naples ... (Londýn, 1807), II, 218.

61. F. G. Emmison, Elizabethan Life: Disorder (Chelmsford, Eng., 1970), 245; Ann Kussmaul, ed., The Autobiography of Joseph Mayett of Quainton (1783–1839)(Londýn, 1979), 14–15.

62. V. S. Naipaul, The Loss of El Dorado: A History (Londýn, 1969), 251–257; Davis, Society and Culture, 97–123; Bernard Capp, „English Youth Groups and ‘The Pinder of Wakefield,’“ PP 76 (1977), 128–129; Giffiths, Youth, 169–175; Janekovick-Römer, „Dubrovniks“, 110; Ilana Krausman Ben-Amos, Adolescence and Youth in Early Modern England (New Haven, 1994), 176–177. Pre koncept „prelínajúcich sa subkultúr“ pozri Bob Scribner, „Is a History of Popular Culture Possible?“, History of European Ideas 10 (1989), 184–185; David Underdown, „Regional Cultures? Local Variations in Popular Culture during the Early Modern Period“, in Tim Harris, ed., Popular Culture in Englandc. 1500–1800 (New York, 1995), 29.

63. Jütte, Poverty, 180–185; Schindler, Rebellion, 275; The Honour of London Apprentices: Exemplified, in a Brief Historicall Narration (Londýn, 1647); Richard Mowery Andrews, Law, Magistracy, and Crime in Old Regime Paris, 1735–1789 (Cambridge, 1994), 521–535; „A Constant Correspondent“, PA, 22. apr. 1763; Dekker, Writings, 187–191; Schindler, „Youthful Culture“, 248–249; A. L. Beier, Masterless Men: The Vagrancy Problem in England, 1560–1640 (Londýn, 1985), 125–126.

64. Torriano, Proverbi Italiani, 34; Robert W. Malcolmson, Popular Recreations in English Society, 1700–1850 (Cambridge, 1973), 75.

65. Marston, The Malcontent, ed. M. L. Wine (Lincoln, Neb., 1964), 64.

66. Griffiths, Youth, 151–152; Davis, Society and Culture, 104–123; Fabre, „Families“, 533–556, na rôznych miestach; Thompson, Customs in Common, 467–533; Burke, Popular Culture, 199–201.

67. Fabre, „Families“, 555–566; The Libertine’s Choice ... (Londýn, 1704), 14–15; F. Platter, Journal, 172; Schindler, „Youthful Culture“, 252–253; Giffiths, Youth, 397.

68. American Weekly Mercury (Philadelphia), 21. okt. 1736; John Brewer, Party Ideology and Popular Politics at the Accession of George III (Cambridge, 1976), 186–188; Stanley H. Palmer, Police and Protest in England and Ireland, 1780–1850 (Cambridge, 1988), 129–130.

69. Jean Delumeau, Sin and Fear: The Emergence of a Western Guilt Culture, 13th–18th Centuries, prekl. Eric Nicholson (New York, 1990), 128; Muchembled, Violence, 241; Malcolmson, Recreations, 60–61, 75–76, 81–84; Burke, Popular Culture, 190, 201–203.

70. Bourne, Antiquitates Vulgares, 229–230; Henry Fielding, An Enquiry into the Causes of the Late Increase of Robbers and Related Writings, ed. Malvin R. Zirker (Middletown, Ct., 1988), 81; Stephen Duck, Poems on Several Occasions (Londýn, 1736), 27.

71. Parkinson, Farmer’s Tour, 440; G and NDA, 15. sept. 1767; Paul S. Seaver, „Declining Status in an Aspiring Age: The Problem of the Gentle Apprentice in Seventeenth-Century London“, in Bonnelyn Young Kunze and Dwight D. Brautigam, eds., Court, Country and Culture: Essays on Early Modern British History in Honor of Perez Zagorin (Rochester, N.Y., 1992), 139–140; Dekker, Writings, 173.

72. 13. okt. 1703, 20. máj 21, 1704, 27. jan. 1707, Cowper, denník; 15. okt. 1780, 25. nov. 1782, Woodforde, denník, I, 293, II, 45; Carter, denník, I, 359; Henry Wakefield, 4. aug. 1729, Assi 45/18/7/1; Eric Robinson, ed., John Clare’s Autobiographical Writings (Oxford, 1983), 62.

73. Robinson, ed., Clare’s Autobiographical Writings, 167; OBP, 16. okt. 1723, 7; 24. máj 1711, Cowper, denník; Marybeth Carlson, „Domestic Service in a Changing City Economy: Rotterdam, 1680–1780“ (Ph.D. diss., Univ. of Wisconsin, 1993), 132; Fairchilds, Domestic Enemies, 209; Patricia S. Seleski, „The Women of the Laboring Poor: Love, Work and Poverty in London, 1750–1820“ (Ph.D. diss., Stanford Univ., 1989), 89.

74. 24. jan. 1770, Carter, denník, I, 348; Fitzpatrick, ed., Washington Writings, XXXII, 246, XXXIII, 369, 444; Gladys-Marie Fry, Night Riders in Black Folk History(Knoxville, Tenn., 1975), 60–73; Morgan, Slave Counterpoint, 524–526.

75. Griffiths, Youth, 78; Manning, Village Revolts, 72–73, 97, 197, 207; Mihoko Suzuki, „The London Apprentice Riots of the 1590s and the Fiction of Thomas Deloney“, Criticism 38 (1996), 181–182; Matthiessen, Natten, 139; Thomas Willard Robisheaux, Rural Society and the Search for Order in Early Modern Germany (Cambridge, 1989), 119; Koslofsky, „Court Culture“, 759; Martina Orosová, „Bratislavskí žobráci v 18. storočí“, Slovenska Archivistika 34 (1999), 95; Faber, „Evil That Men Do“, 169–171; William M. Wiecek, „The Statutory Law of Slavery and Race in the Thirteen Mainland Colonies of British America“, WMQ, 3rd Ser., 34 (1977), 272; Carl Bridenbaugh, Cities in the Wilderness: The First Century of Urban Life in America, 1625–1742 (Oxford, 1971), 219.

76. WJ, 20. apr. 1723; Life of Michael Martin, Who Was Executed for Highway Robbery, December 20, 1821 (Boston, 1821), 6–7; Keith Lindley, Fenland Riots and the English Revolution (Londýn, 1982), na rôznych miestach; Manning, Village Revolts, 217–218; G and NDA, 24. aug., 9. a 13. sept. 1769; J. R. Dinwiddy, „The ‘Black Lamp’ in Yorkshire, 1801–1802“, PP 64 (1974), 118–119; Assi 45/25/2/30; Whitehall Evening-Post (Londýn), 3. aug. 1749; Andrew Barrett and Christopher Harrison, eds., Crime and Punishment in England: A Sourcebook (Londýn, 1999), 169–170.

77. E. P. Thompson, „The Crime of Anonymity“, in Hay et al., eds., Albion’s Fatal Tree, 278; Thomas D. Morris, Southern Slavery and the Law, 1619–1860 (Chapel Hill, N.C., 1996), 330–332; Bob Scribner, „The Mordbrenner Fear“, in Richard J. Evans, ed., The German Underworld: Deviants and Outcasts in German History(Londýn, 1988), 29–56; Penny Roberts, „Arson, Conspiracy and Rumor in Early Modern Europe“, Continuity and Change 12 (1997), 9–29; André Abbiateci, „Arsonists in Eighteenth-Century France: An Essay in the Typology of Crime“, in Forster and Ranum, eds., Deviants and the Abandoned, prekl. Forster and Ranum, 157–179; Bernard Capp, „Arson, Threats of Arson, and Incivility in Early Modern England“, in Peter Burke et al., eds., Civil Histories: Essays Presented to Sir Keith Thomas (Oxford, 2000), 199–200.

78. Morgan, Slave Counterpoint, 309; Kenneth Scott, „The Slave Insurrection in New York“, New York Historical Quarterly 45 (1961), 43–74; Rose, ed., Slavery, 99–101, 104, 109–113; Michael Craton, Testing the Chains: Resistance to Slavery in the British West Indies (Ithaca, N.Y., 1982), na rôznych miestach; Wood, Black Majority, 308–326; James Sidbury, Ploughshares into Swords: Race, Rebellion, and Identity in Gabriel’s Virginia, 1730–1810 (New York, 1997); David Barry Gaspar, Bondmen & Rebels: A Study of Master-Slave Relations in Antigua (Baltimore, 1985), 222; Elsa V. Goveia, Slave Society in the British Leeward Islands at the End of the Eighteenth Century (Westport, Ct., 1980), 184; Beckles, Black Rebellion, na rôznych miestach; Gwendolyn Midlo Hall, Africans in Colonial Louisiana: The Development of Afro-Creole Culture in the Eighteenth Century (Baton Rouge, 1992), 354–355.

79. Lindley, Fenland Riots, 179; E. P. Thompson, The Making of the English Working Class (New York, 1964), 559, 565; Gaspar, Bondmen & Rebels, 246–247; Craton, Testing the Chains, 122–123; Scott, „Slave Insurrection in New York“, 47; James S. Donnelly Jr., „The Whiteboy Movement, 1761–5“, Irish Historical Studies 21 (1978), 23; Peter Sahlins, Forest Rites: The War of the Demoiselles in Nineteenth-Century France (Cambridge, Mass., 1994), 42–47.

ŠTVRTÁ ČASŤ

ÚVOD

1. Geoffrey Keynes, ed., The Works of Sir Thomas Browne (Londýn, 1931), III, 230.

2. Alastair Fowler, ed., The New Oxford Book of Seventeenth Century Verse (Oxford, 1991), 416; Stanley Coren, Sleep Thieves: An Eye-Opening Exploration into the Science and Mysteries of Sleep (New York, 1996), 9; „Why Did the Caveman Sleep? (Not Just Because He Was Tired)“, Psychology Today 16 (marec 1982), 30; Burton E. Stevenson, ed., The Home Book of Proverbs, Maxims and Familiar Phrases (New York, 1948), 1685; Carol M. Worthman and Melissa K. Melby, „Toward a Comparative Ecology of Human Sleep“, in Mary A. Carskadon, ed., Adolescent Sleep Patterns: Biological, Social and Psychological Influences(Cambridge, 2002), 102–103.

3. Thomas Cogan, The Haven of Health (Londýn, 1588), 233; [Joseph Hall], The Discovery of a New World (Amsterdam, 1969), 219–244.

4. The Adventurer, 20. mar. 1753, 229; Craig Tomlinson, „G. C. Lichtenberg: Dreams, Jokes, and the Unconscious in Eighteenth-Century Germany“, Journal of the American Psychoanalytic Association 40 (1992), 781. Okrem Francisa Bacona, ktorý spísal históriu spánku, najviac zdôrazňoval dôležitosť historického výskumu George Steiner. Tvrdil, že štúdie spánku „sú pre naše chápenie evolúcie mravov a vnímavosti aspoň také dôležité, ak nie dôležitejšie, ako štúdie obliekania, starostlivosti o deti, stolovania, duševných a fyzických porúch, ktorým sa historici skúmajúci dejiny mentalít konečne venujú.“ No Passion Spent: Essays 1978–1996 [Londýn, 1996], 211–212). Nedávno Daniel Roche požadoval: „Snívajme o sociálnej histórii spánku“ (Consumption, 182). Medzi historické záznamy o snoch patria nasledovné: Peter Burke, „L’Histoire Sociale des Rêves“, Annales Economies, SociétésCivilisations 28 (1973), 329–342; Richard L. Kagan, Lucrecia’s Dreams: Politics and Prophecy in Sixteenth-Century Spain (Berkeley, Calif., 1990); Steven F. Kruger, Dreaming in the Middle Ages (Cambridge, 1992); Carole Susan Fungaroli, „Landscapes of Life: Dreams in Eighteenth-Century British Fiction and Contemporary Dream Theory“ (Ph.D. diss., Univ. of Virginia., 1994); S.R.F. Price, „The Future of Dreams: From Freud to Artemidorous“, PP 113 (1986), 3–37; Manfred Weidhorn, Dreams in Seventeenth-Century English Literature (Haag, 1970); David Shulman and Guy G. Stroumsa, eds. Dream Cultures: Explorations in the Comparative History of Dreaming (New York, 1999); Mechal Sobel, Teach Me Dreams: The Search for Self in the Revolutionary Era (Princeton, N.J., 2000). Postoje k spánku od staroveku až po 20. storočie zaznamenal Jaume Rosselló Mir et al., „Una Aproximacion Historica al Estudio Cientifico de Sueño: El Periodo Intuitivo el Pre-Cientifico“, Revista de Historia de la Psicologia 12 (1991), 133–142. Krátky prehľad spánku v stredoveku nájdete u Verdona, Night, 203–217; a kľúčové lekárske texty týkajúce sa spánku v ranom novoveku spísal Karl H. Dannenfeldt, „Sleep: Theory and Practice in the Late Renaissance“, Journal of the History of Medicine 41 (1986), 415–441. Nedávno Phillipe Martin analyzoval postoje katolíckych autorov k spánku počas 1 storočia: „Corps en Repos ou Corps en Danger? Le Sommeil dans les Livres de Piété (Seconde Moitré du XVIIIe Siècle)“, Revue d’Histoire et de Philosophie Religieuses 80 (2000), 255.

5. Wodrow, Analecta: or, Materials for a History of Remarkable Providences . . . , ed. Matthew Leishman (Edinburgh, 1843), III, 496; James Miller, The Universal Passion (Londýn, 1737), 46.

DESIATA KAPITOLA

1. WR or UJ, 22. sept. 1738

2. Cogan, The Haven of Health (Londýn, 1588), 232–233; Karl H. Dannenfeldt, „Sleep: Theory and Practice in the Late Renaissance“, Journal of the History of Medicine 41 (1986), 422–424.

3. Vaughan, Naturall and Artificial Directions for Health . . . (Londýn, 1607), 53; Henry Davidoff, ed., World Treasury of Proverbs . . . (New York, 1946), 25; Dannenfeldt, „Renaissance Sleep“, 7–12.

4. John Trusler, An Easy Way to Prolong Life . . . (Londýn, 1775), 11; F.K. Robinson, comp., A Glossary of Words Used in the Neighbourhood of Whitby (Londýn, 1876), 55; Tilley, Proverbs in England, 36.

5. Wilson, English Proverbs, 389.

6. The Whole Duty of Man ... (Londýn, 1691), 188–189; Stephen Innes, Creating the Commonwealth: The Economic Culture of Puritan New England (New York, 1995), 124; The Schoole of Vertue, and Booke of Good Nourture . . . (Londýn, 1557); An Essay on Particular Advice to the Young Gentry ... (Londýn, 1711), 170; David Hackett Fischer, Albion’s Seed: Four British Folkways in America (New York, 1989), 160–161.

7. Andrew Boorde, A Compendyous Regyment or a Dyetary of Health . . . (Londýn, 1547); Levinus Lemnius, Touchstone of Complexions ... , prekl. T. Newton (Londýn, 1576), 57.

8. Robert Macnish, The Philosophy of Sleep, ed. Daniel N. Robinson (Washington, D.C., 1977), 279; Boorde, Compendyous Regyment; Lawrence Wright, Warm and Snug: The History of the Bed (Londýn, 1962), 195.

9. William Bullein, A Newe Boke of Phisicke Called y Goveriment of Health . . . (Londýn, 1559), 91; Boorde, Compendyous Regyment; Tobias Venner, Via Recta ad Vitam Longam ... (Londýn, 1637), 279–280; Directions and Observations Relative to Food, Exercise and Sleep (Londýn, 1772), 22; Dannenfeldt, „Renaissance Sleep“, 430.

10. Wilson, English Proverbs, 738; Torriano, Proverbi, 76; Wright, Warm and Snug, 194; Gratarolus, A Direction for the Health of Magistrates and Studentes(Londýn, 1574); Sir Thomas Elyot, The Castel of Helthe (New York, 1937), iii; Dannenfeldt, „Renaissance Sleep“, JHM, 420.

11. 29. jan. 1624, Beck, denník, 39.

12. John Wilson, The Projectors (Londýn, 1665), 45.

13. 27. nov. 1705, Cowper, denník; Schindler, Rebellion, 216; Lean, Collectanea, I, 503; Wright, Warm and Snug, 117; Matthiessen, Natten, 8–9.

14. Eric Sloane, The Seasons of America Past (New York, 1958), 26; 8. feb. 1756, 26. dec. 1763, Turner, denník, 26–27, 283; Carol M. Worthman a Melissa K. Melby, „Toward a Comparative Developmental Ecology of Human Sleep“, in Mary A. Carskadon, ed., Adolescent Sleep Patterns: Biological, Social, and Psychological Influences (Cambridge, 2002), 79.

15. W. F., The Schoole of Good Manners (Londýn, 1609).

16. „Letter of M. Brady“, LC, 31. júl 1764; Arthur Friedman, ed., Collected Works of Oliver Goldsmith (Oxford, 1966), II, 214–218; James Boswell, The Hypochondriack, ed. Margery Bailey (Stanford, Calif., 1928), II, 110; George Steiner, No Passion Spent: Essays, 1978–1996 (Londýn, 1996), 211–212; Simon B. Chandler, „Shakespeare and Sleep“, Bulletin of the History of Medicine 29 (1955), 255–260.

17. Torriano, Proverbi, 77; „Wits Private Wealth“, in Breton, Works, II, 9; Another Collection of Philosophical Conferences of the French Virtuosi . . . , prekl. G. Havers and J. Davies (Londýn, 1665), 419; Richard Oliver Heslop, comp., Northumberland Words ... (1892; rpt. edn., Vaduz, Liecht., 1965), I, 248, II, 659; Alexander Hislop, comp., The Proverbs of Scotland (Edinburgh, 1870), 346.

18. William Rowley, All’s Lost By Lust (Londýn, 1633); Thomas Shadwell, The Amorous Bigotte (Londýn, 1690), 43; The Dramatic Works of Sir William D’Avenant(New York, 1964), 146; Boswell, Hypochondriack, ed. Bailey, II, 112; Erik Eckholm, „Exploring the Forces of Sleep“, New York Times Magazine, 17. apr. 1988, 32.

19. James Hervey, Meditations and Contemplations . . . (Londýn, 1752), II, 42; Boswell, Hypochondriack, ed. Bailey, II, 110; N. Caussin, The Christian Diary(Londýn, 1652), 35; 2. jún 1706, Cowper, denník; Alan of Lille, The Art of Preaching, prekl. G.R. Evans (Kalamazoo, Mich., 1981), 135. Pre Freudovu zaujímavú diskusiu o „neurotických ceremóniách“ spojených so spánkom pozri jeho „Obsessive Actions and Religious Practices“, in James Strachey, ed., The Standard Edition of the Complete Psychological Works of Sigmund Freud (Londýn, 1975), IX, 117–118; Barry Schwartz, „Notes on the Sociology of Sleep“, Sociological Quarterly 11 (1970), 494–495.

20. Herbert’s Devotions . . . (Londýn, 1657), 237; Walter L. Straus, ed., The German Single-Leaf Woodcut, 1550–1600: A Pictorial Catalogue (New York, 1975), II, 739; Stephen Bateman, A Christall Glasse of Christian Reformation . . . (Londýn, 1569).

21. Eugen Weber, My France: Politics, Culture, Myth (Cambridge, Mass., 1991), 85; Thomas Moffett, The History of Four-Footed Beasts and Serpents . . . (Londýn, 1658), II, 956–957; 16. júl 1678, John Lough, ed., Locke’s Travels in France, 1675–1679 (Cambridge, 1953), 207; John Southall, A Treatise of Buggs ... (Londýn, 1730); J.F.D. Shrewsbury, The Plague of the Philistines and Other Medical-Historical Essays (Londýn, 1964), 146–161.

22. 16. júl 1784, Torrington, denníky, I, 174; James P. Horn, Adapting to a New World: English Society in the Seventeenth-Century Chesapeake (Chapel Hill, N.C., 1994), 318–319. Sylas Neville deň pred príchodom z cesty poslal domov lístok, v ktorom požiadal, aby jeho gazdiná a jej dcéra „zohriali“ jeho posteľ v noc, keď sa má vrátiť (Basil Cozens-Hardy, ed., The Diary of Sylas Neville, 1767–1788 [Londýn, 1950], 162).

23. Carolyn Pouncy, ed., The „Domostroi“: Rules for Russian Households in the Time of Ivan the Terrible (Ithaca, N.Y., 1994), 170; Anna Brzozowska-Krajka, Polish Traditional Folklore: The Magic of Time (Boulder, Colo, 1998), 119; PA, 20. mar. 1764.

24. Steven Bradwell, A Watch-man for the Pest ... (Londýn, 1625), 39; 20. okt. 1763, Frederick A. Pottle, ed., Boswell in Holland 1763–1764 (New York, 1952), 49–50; Venner, Via Recta, 275; Izrael Spach, Theses Medicae de Somno et Vigilia ... (Strasburg, 1597).

25. Jon Cowans, ed., Early Modern Spain: A Documentary History (Philadelphia, 2003), 121; Alan Macfarlane, The Justice and the Mare’s Ale: Law and Disorder in Seventeenth-Century England (Oxford, 1981), 56; John C. Fitzpatrick, ed., The Writings of George Washington . . . (Washington, D.C., 1931), I, 17. Informácie o nočných odevoch sú zriedkavé, ale pozri C. Willett a Phillis Cunnington, The History of Underclothes (Londýn, 1951), 41–43, 52, 61; Almut Junker, Zur Geschichte der Unterwäsche 1700–1960: eine Ausstellung des Historischen Museums Frankfurt, 28 April bis 28 August 1988 (Frankfurt, 1988), 10–78; Norbert Elias, The Civilizing Process: The Development of Manners . . . , prekl. Edmund Jephcott (New York, 1978), I, 164–165. O absencii odevov na spanie, pozri Edmond Cottinet, „La Nudité au Lit Selon Cathos et l’Histoire“, Le Moliériste (apríl 1883), 20–25 (jún 1883) 86–89; Dannednfeldt, „Renaissance Sleep“, 426.

26. Randle Cotgrave, A Dictionaire of the French and English Tongues (Londýn, 1611); Laurence Sterne, The Life & Opinions of Tristam Shandy, Gentleman (New York, 1950), 568; 22. sep. 1660, Pepy, denník, I, 251; Alison Weir, Henry VIII: The King and His Court (New York, 2001), 84.

27. The Queens Closet Opened ... (Londýn, 1661), 60–61, 101–102; 11. aug. 1678, Michael Hunter a Annabel Gregory, eds., An Astrological Diary of the Seventeenth Century: Samuel Jeake of Rye, 1652–1699 (Oxford, 1988), 140; Christof Wirsung, Praxis Medicinae Universalis; or a Generall Practise of Phisicke ... (Londýn, 1598), 618.

28. Moryson, Itinerary, IV, 44; „T.C.“, PL, 5. dec. 1765. In the Celestina: A Novel in Dialogue by Fernando de Rojas, prekl. Lesley Byrd Simpson (Berkeley, Calif., 1971), protagonista hovorí o víne: „Za zimnej noci nieto lepšieho ohrevu – keď vypijem tri džbánky predtým, ako idem spať, po celú noc necítim žiaden chlad. “ (104).

29. Bradwell, Watch-man, 38; „W.“, LC, 9. okt. 1763; Henry G. Bohn, A Hand-book of Proverbs ... (Londýn, 1855), 28; 25. máj, 1767, Cozens-Hardy, ed., Neville Diary, 8; 29. feb. 1756, Turner, denník, 32.

30. Thomas Elyot, The Castel of Helthe (Londýn, 1539), fo. 46; Governal, In this Tretyse that Is Cleped Governayle of Helthe (New York, 1969); Bulletin, Goveriment of Health, 90.

31. 29. sep. 1661, Pepys, denník, II, 186; East Anglian Diaries, 51; Thomas, Religion and the Decline of Magic, 113–128; François Lebrun, „The Two Reformations: Communal Devotion and Personal Piety“, in HPL III, 96–97. Odkazy na „zamykanie“ noci nájdete v Owen Feltham, Resolves (Londýn, 1628), 406; 2. okt. 1704, Cowper, denník; Andrew Henderson, ed., Scottish Proverbs (Edinburgh, 1832), 48.

32. John Bartlett, Familiar Quotations . . . , ed. Emily Morison Beck et al. (Boston, 1980), 320; Whole Duty of Man, 388; Thomas Becon, The Early Works . . . , ed. John Ayre (Cambridge, 1843), 403.

33. Thankfull Remembrances of Gods Wonderful Deliverances ... (n.p., 1628). TIež pozri 18. júl 1709, Cowper, denník. Známa je posvätná cornishská modlitba: „Od duchov a mátoh a dlhonohých zverov, ktoré vyčíňajú po nociach, ochraňuj nás, dobrý Pane!“ (Bartlett, Familiar Quotations, ed. Beck et al., 921).

34. Martine Segalen, Love and Power in the Peasant Family: Rural France in the Nineteenth Century, prekl. Sarah Matthews (Chicago, 1983, 124–125; Phillipe Martin, „Corps en Repos ou Corps en Danger? Le Sommeil dans les Livres de Piété (Second Moitié du XVIIIe Siècle)“, Revue d’Histoire et de Philosophie Religieuses 80 (2000), 253.

35. Gwyn Jones, comp., The Oxford Book of Welsh Verse in English (Oxford, 1977), 78; 15. júl 1705, Cowper, denník; Gervase Markham, Countrey Contentments ... (Londýn, 1615), 31; William Lilly, A Groatsworth of Wit for a Penny; or, the Interpretation of Dreams (Londýn, [1750?]), 18.

36. Cogan, Haven of Health, 235.

37. Harrison, Description, 200–201; Raffaella Sarti, Europe at HomeFamily and Material Culture, 1500–1800, prekl. Allan Cameron (New Haven, 2002), 120; John E. Crowley, The Invention of Comfort: Sensibilities & Design in Early Modern Britain & Early America (Baltimore, 2001), 73–76; Anne Fillon, „Comme on Fait son Lit, on se Couche 300 Ans d’Histoire du Lit Villageois“, in Populatiens et Cultures ... Etudes Réunies en l’Honneur de François Lebrun (Rennes, 1989), 153–161.

38. Stephanie Grauman Wolf, As Various as Their Land: The Everyday Lives of Eighteenth-Century Americans (New York, 1993), 66; Carole Shammas, „The Domestic Environment in Early Modern England and America“, JSH 14 (1990), 169, 158; Dannenfeldt, „Renaissance Sleep“, 426 č. 31; Crowley, Comfort, na rôznych miestach; F. G. Emmison, Elizabethan Life: Home, Work & Land (Chelmsford, Eng., 1976), 12–15; Roche, Consumption, 182–185.

39. Bartlett, Familiar Quotations, ed. Beck et al., 290; Lemnius, Touchstone of Complexions, prekl. Newton, 73; Cogan, Haven of Health, 235; Bradwell, Watch-man, 39.

40. Alan Everitt, „Farm Labourers“, in Joan Thirsk, ed., The Agrarian History of England and Wales, IV, 1500–1640 (Londýn, 1967), 449; Horn, Adapting to a New World, 310–311, 324–325.

41. A. Browning, ed., English Historical Documents, 1660–1714 (New York, 1953), 729; [Ward], A Trip to Ireland ... (n.p., 1699), 5.

42. Harrison, Description, 201; OBP, Sept. 9–16, 1767, 259; 19. feb. 1665, Pepys, denník, VI, 39; Cissie Fairchilds, Domestic Enemies: Servants & Their Masters in Old Regime France (Baltimore, 1984), 39; Steven L. Kaplan, The Bakers of Paris and the Bread Question, 1700–1775 (Durham, N.C., 1996), 259. Sluha v koloniálnom Marylande sa sťažoval: „Ako si môžeme oddýchnuť, len sa zabaliť do deky a uložiť sa na zem.“ (Elizabeth Sprigs to John Sprigs, 22. sep., 1756, v Merrill Jensen, ed., English Historical Documents: American Colonial Documents to 1776 [New York, 1955], 489), čo bolo osudom väčšiny otrokov v americkom novoveku. V niektorých príbytkoch by sa aj našla „posteľ zbitá z dosák“, otroci však častejšie spali na zemi uprostred slamy, handier alebo – tí šťastnejší – prikrytí niekoľkými hrubými dekami. (Morgan, Slave Counterpoint, 114).

43. OED, s.v. „bulkers“; John Heron Lepper, The Testaments of François Villon (New York, 1926), 12; Príkaz z 28. nov. 1732, Londýnsky súd Spoločnej rady, BL; Menna Prestwich, Cranfield: Politics and Profits Under the Early Stuarts (Oxford, 1966), 529; Paroimiographia (French), 18; H. S. Bennett, Life on the English Manor: A Study of Peasant Conditions, 1150–1400 (Cambridge, 1967), 233; Richard Parkinson, ed., The Private Journal and Literary Remains of John Byrom(Manchester, 1854), I, Časť 2, 407.

44. RB, VI, 220; Torriano, Proverbi, 127.

45. Alain Collomp, „Families: Habitations and Cohabitations“, in HPL III, 507; Flandrin, Families, prekl. Southern, 98–99; Flaherty, Privacy, 76–79.

46. Constantia Maxwell, Country and Town in Ireland under the Georges (Londýn, 1940), 123; Ménétra, Journal, 137; Flandrin, Families, prekl. Southern, 100. Výraz „to pig“, pozri OED; Journal of Twisden Bradbourn, 1693–1694, 1698, 19, Miscellaneous English Manuscripts c. 206, Bodl.; Edward Peacock, comp., A Glossary of Words Used in the Wapentakes of Manley and Corringham, Lincolnshire (Vaduz, Liecht., 1965), 191.

47. John Dunton, Teague Land, or a Merry Ramble to the Wild Irish: Letters from Ireland, 1698, ed. Edward MacLysaght (Blackrock, Ire., 1982), 21; Howard William Troyer, Five Travel Scripts Commonly Attributed to Edward Ward (New York, 1933), 5, 6; Maxwell, Ireland, 125; Patricia James, ed., The Travel Diaries of Thomas Robert Malthus (Londýn, 1966), 188; Pinkerton, Travels, III, 667.

48. James E. Savage, ed., The „Conceited Newes“ of Sir Thomas Overbury and His Friends (Gainesville, Fla., 1968), 260.

49. Elias, Civilizing Process, prekl. Jephcott, I, 160–163; Abel Boyer, The Compleat French-Master ... (Londýn, 1699), 6; Elborg Forster, ed. and prekl., A Woman’s Life in the Court of the Sun King: Letters of Liselotte von der Pfalz, 1652–1722 (Baltimore, 1984), 149.

50. John Greaves Nall, ed., An Etymological and Comparative Glossary of the Dialect and Provincialism of East Anglia (Londýn, 1866), 512; Elias, Civilizing Process, prekl. Jephcott, I, 166–168.

51. 4. máj 1763, Frederick A. Pottle, ed., Boswell’s London Journal, 1762–1763 (New York, 1950), 253; 14. jún 1765, Frank Brady a Frederick A. Pottle, eds., Boswell on the Grand Tour: Italy, Corsica, and France, 1765–1766 (New York, 1955), 253; Isaac Heller, The Life and Confession of Isaac Heller ... (Liberty, Ind., 1836). Tiež pozri Mary Nicholson, 28. feb. 1768, Assi 45/29/1/169; 23. mar. 1669, Pepys, denník, IX, 495.

52. Milly Harrison a O. M. Royston, comps., How They Lived (Oxford, 1965), II, 235; OBP, 13.-16. sep. 1758, 291.

53. Thomas Newcomb, The Manners of the Age ... (Londýn, 1733), 454; 22. jún 1799, Drinker, denník, II, 1180; Thomas A. Wehr, „The Impact of Changes in Nightlength (Scotoperiod) on Human Sleep“, v F. W. Turek a P. C. Zee, eds., Neurobiology of Sleep and Circadian Rhythms (New York, 1999), 263–285.

54. LDA, 10. jún 1751; Sidney Oldall Addy, comp., A Supplement to the Sheffield Glossary (Vaduz, Liecht., 1965), 19; Kenneth J. Gergen et al., „Deviance in the Dark“, Psychology Today 7 (október 1973), 130.

55. Richard Bovet, Pandaemonium (Totowa, N.J., 1975), 118; James Orchard Halliwell, ed., The Autobiography and Personal Diary of Dr. Simon Forman ... (Londýn, 1849), 8–9; The Princess Cloria: or, the Royal Romance (Londýn, 1661), 530; 15. dec. 1710, Cowper, denník.

56. Helmut Puff, Sodomy in Reformation Germany and Switzerland, 1400–1600 (Chicago, 2003), 77–78; OBP, 10.-16. sep. 1755, 309; G. R. Quaife, Wanton Wenches and Wayward Wives: Peasants and Illicit Sex in Early Seventeenth-Century England (Londýn, 1979), 73; Michael Rocke, Forbidden Friendships: Homosexuality and Male Culture in Renaissance Florence (New York, 1996), 156.

57. The English Rogue ... (Londýn, 1671), Časť III, 31; David P. French, comp., Minor English Poets, 1660–1780 (New York, 1967), III, 318; Elias, Civilizing Process, prekl. Jephcott, I, 161; Maza, Servants and Masters, 184.

58. J. C. Ghosh, ed., The Works of Thomas Otway: Plays, Poems, and Love-Letters (Oxford, 1968), II, 340; Joanna Brooker, 21. nov. 1754, Suffolk Court Files #129733b, Suffolk County Court House, Boston.

59. Geoffrey Chaucer, Canterbury Tales (Avon, Ct., 1974), 440–441; George Morison Paul, ed., Diary of Sir Archibald Johnston of Wariston (Edinburgh, 1911), 56; 1. jan. 1663, Pepys, denník, IV, 2; 29. nov. 1776, Charles McC. Weiss a Frederick A. Pottle, eds., Boswell in Extremes, 1776–1778 (New York, 1970), 62; 28. dec. 1780, Joseph W. Reed a Frederick A. Pottle, eds., Boswell: Laird of Auchinleck, 1778–1782 (New York, 1977), 281.

60. Joshua Swetman, The Arraignment of Lewd, Idle, Froward [sic], and Unconstant Women ... (Londýn, 1702), 43–44; 11. máj 1731, Clegg, denník, I, 118; Rudolph M. Bell, How to Do It: Guides to Good Living for Renaissance Italians (Chicago, 1999), 232; The Fifteen Joys of Marriage, prekl. Elisabeth Abbott (Londýn, 1959), 22–24, 72–84.

61. Edward Jerningham, The Welch Heiress (Londýn, 1795), 70; Denník Johna Eliota, 1768, 3, na rôznych miestach, Connecticut Historical Society, Hartford; 21. júl, 1700, Denník Johna Richardsa, Dorsetshire Record Office, Dorchester. Tiež pozri Autobiography of the Rev. Dr Alexander Carlyle, Minister of Inveresk ... (Edinburgh, 1860), 545.

62. P.J.P. Goldberg, Women in England, c. 1275–1525: Documentary Sources (Manchester, 1995), 142; Ulinka Rublack, The Crimes of Women in Early Modern Germany (Oxford, 1999), 227; Boston Post-Boy, 17. aug. 17, 1752; NYWJ, 12. dec. 1737.

JEDENÁSTA KAPITOLA

1. C. e. roybet, ed., Les Serees de Guillaume Bouchet Sieur de Brocourt (Paríž, 1874), III, 154.

2. William C. Dement, The Promise of Sleep (New York, 1999), 101.

3. Adventurer 39, 20. mar. 1753, 228; Christof Wirsung, Praxis Medicinae Universalis; or a Generall Practise of Phisicke ... (Londýn, 1598), 618.

4. T. D. Gent, Collin’s Walk through London and Westminster ... (Londýn, 1690), 43; Shakespeare, Macbeth, II, 2, 35; William Mountfort, The Injur’d Lovers ... (Londýn, 1688), 49.

5. Sylvain Matton, „Le Rêve Dans les <<Secrètes Sciences>>: Spirituels, Kabbalistes Chrétiens et Alchimistes“, Revue des Sciences Humaines 83 (1988), 160; Adventurer 39, 20. mar. 1753, 229. Pravdaže, v gréckej mytológii sa „spánok“ (hypnos) a „smrť“ (thantos) považovali za dvojičky – synov „noci“.

6. J.C. Smith and E. De Selincourt, eds., Spenser: Poetical Works (Londýn, 1969), 606; Burton E. Stevenson, ed., The Home Book of Proverbs, Maxims and Familiar Phrases (New York, 1948), 2134; Philip Sidney, Astrophel and Stella ... (Londýn, 1591); Miguel de Cervantes Saavedra, The Adventures of Don Quixote, prekl. J. M. Cohen (Baltimore, 1965), 906.

7. Joshua Sylvester, prekl., Du Bartas: His Divine Weekes and Workes (Londýn, 1621), 465; Shakespeare, King Henry V, IV, 1, 264–267; Verdon, Night, 203–206. Predstavu o „sladkom spánku pracujúceho človeka“ nájdeme v Ecclesiastes V, 12.

8. George Laurence Gomme, ed., The Gentleman’s Magazine Library: Being a Classified Collection of the Chief Contents of the Gentleman’s Magazine from 1731 to 1868: Popular Superstitions (Londýn, 1884), 122; 22. júl, 13. feb. 1712, Cowper, denník; 4. okt. 1776, Charles McC. Weiss and Frederick A. Pottle, eds., Boswell in Extremes, 1776–1778 (New York, 1970), 39.

9. Jean-François Senault, Man Become Guilty, or the Corruption of Nature by Sinne, prekl. Henry Earle of Monmouth (Londýn, 1650), 243; Philip D. Morgan, „British Encounters with Africans and African Americans, circa 1600–1780“, in Bernard Bailyn a Philip D. Morgan, eds., Strangers within the Realm: Cultural Margins of the First British Empire (Chapel Hill, N.C., 1991), 206; 16. nov. 1664, 6. okt. 1663, Pepys, denník, V, 322, IV, 325.

10. Nashe, Works, I, 355; 22. júl 1712, 12. okt. 1703, Cowper, denník; Dement, Promise of Sleep, 17.

11. Spenser, Amoretti and Epithalamion (1595; rpt. edn., Amsterdam, 1969).

12. Herbert’s Devotions ... (Londýn, 1657), 1; Alexander B. Grosart, ed., The Complete Works in Prose and Verse of Francis Quarles (New York, 1967), II, 206; 4. apr. 1782, Denník Petra Olivera, rukopisy Egerton, BL; Benjamin Mifflin, „Journal of a Journey from Philadelphia to the Cedar Swamps & Back, 1764“, Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography 52 (1928), 130–131.

13. Kenneth Jon Rose, The Body in Time (New York, 1989), 87–88; Jane Wegscheider Hyman, The Light Book: How Natural and Artificial Light Affect Our Health, Mood and Behavior (Los Angeles, 1990), 140–141; Gay Gaer Luce, Body Time (Londýn, 1973), 151, 178.

14. 21. nov. 1662, Pepys, denník, III, 262; 25. máj 1709, Cowper, denník; OED, s.v. „spitting“; SAS, XI, 124–125; 1. jan., 21. feb. 1706, Raymond A. Anselment, ed., The Remembrances of Elizabeth Freke, 1671–1714 (Cambridge, 2001), 84; Hyman, Light Book, 140–141; Mary J. Dobson, Contours of Death and Disease in Early Modern England (Cambridge, 1997), 242, 252–253; Carol M. Worthman and Melissa K. Melby, „Toward a Comparative Developmental Ecology of Human Sleep“, in Mary A. Carskadon, ed., Adolescent Sleep Patterns: Biological, Social, and Psychological Influences (Cambridge, 2002), 74.

15. Charles Severn, ed., Diary of the Rev. John Ward ... (Londýn, 1839), 199; 24. sep. 1703, 18. okt. 1715, Cowper, denník; Suellen Hoy, Chasing Dirt: The American Pursuit of Cleanliness (Oxford, 1995), 5; Henry Vaughan, Welsh Proverbs with English Translations (Felinfach, Wales, 1889), 85; Legg, Low-Life, 9.

16. Burton, The Anatomy of Melancholy (New York, 1938), 597; Bräker, Life, 82; 28. nov. 1759, James Balfour Paul, ed., Diary of George Ridpath ... 1755–1761 (Edinburgh, 1922), 288; 1. okt. 1703, Cowper, denník; Michael MacDonald, Mystical Bedlam: Madness, Anxiety, and Healing in Seventeenth-Century England (Cambridge, 1981), 245.

17. Piero Camporesi, Bread of Dreams: Food and Fantasy in Early Modern Europe, prekl. David Gentilcore (Chicago, 1989), 64; John Wilson, The Projectors(Londýn, 1665), 18; Lydia Dotto, Losing Sleep: How Your Sleep Habits Affect Your Life (New York, 1990), 157.

18. M. Andreas Laurentius, A Discourse of the Preservation of the Sight ... , prekl. Richard Surphlet (Londýn, 1938), 104, 96; Dagobert D. Runes, ed., The Selected Writings of Benjamin Rush (New York, 1974), 200; Hyman, Light Book, 87, 96–97, na rôznych miestach.

19. Thomas Overbury, The „Conceited Newes“ of Sir Thomas Overbury and His Friends, ed. James E. Savage (1616; rpt. edn., Gainesville, Fla., 1968), 262; Henry Nevil Payne, The Siege of Constantinople (Londýn, 1675), 51; Georg Christoph Lichtenberg, Aphorisms, prekl. R. J. Hollingdale (Londýn, 1990), 83–84; Luce, Body Time, 204–210.

20. Stevenson, ed., Proverbs, 2132; Henry Bachelin, Le Serviteur (Paríž, 1918), 216; 6. nov. 1715, William Matthews, ed., The Diary of Dudley Ryder, 1715–1716(Londýn, 1939), 105; 20. máj 1624, Beck, denník, 99. Tiež pozri 30. jan. 1665, Pepys, denník, VI, 25.

21. Heaton, „Experiences or Spiritual Exercises“ (text), 4, North Haven Historical Society, North Haven, Ct.; Burton, Anatomy of Melancholy, 465; Barbara E. Lacey, „The World of Hannah Heaton: The Autobiography of an Eighteenth-Century Connecticut Farm Woman“, WMQ, 3. Ser., 45 (1988), 284–285.

22. M. A. Courtney a Thomas Q. Couch, eds., Glossary of Words in Use in Cornwall (Londýn, 1880), 39; OED, s.v. „nightmare“; Edward Phillips, The Chamber-Maid . . . (Londýn, 1730), 57; The Works of Benjamin Jonson (Londýn, 1616), 951.

23. Joseph Angus a J. C. Ryle, eds., The Works of Thomas Adams ... (Edinburgh, 1861), II, 29.

24. Charles P. Pollak, „The Effects of Noise on Sleep“, in Thomas H. Fay, ed., Noise and Health (New York, 1991), 41–60.

25. Wilson, English Proverbs, 169; R. Murray Schafer, The Tuning of the World (Philadelphia, 1977), 59; Luce, Body Time, 141.

26. Thomas Shadwell, Epsom-Wells (Londýn, 1672), 83; The Works of Monsieur Boileau (Londýn, 1712), I, 193–194, 200–201; The Works of Mr. Thomas Brown in Prose and Verse ... (Londýn, 1708), III, 15; Bruce R. Smith, The Acoustic World of Early Modern England: Attending to the O-Factor (Chicago, 1999), 52–71. Niektoré zvuky v ranom novoveku podľa Francisa Bacona napomáhali spánku, napr. zvuk tečúcej vody alebo tichý spev. James Spedding et al., eds., The Works of Francis Bacon (Londýn, 1859), II, 579–580.

27. Joseph Leech, Rural Rides of the Bristol Churchgoer, ed. Alan Sutton (Gloucester, Angl., 1982), 70; 16. mar. 1706, Cowper, denník.

28. 24. okt., 1794, 19. okt. 1796, Drinker, denník, II, 610, 853.

29. William Beckford, Dreams, Waking Thoughts and Incidents, ed. Robert J. Gemmett (Rutherford, N.J., 1972), 165; Robert Forby, comp., The Vocabulary of East Anglia (Newton Abbot, Angl., 1970), I, 43; 15. jún 1800, Jack Ayres, ed., Paupers and Pig Killers: The Diary of William Holland, a Somerset Parson (Gloucester, Angl., 1984), 38.

30. P. Hume Brown, ed., Tours in Scotland, 1677 & 1681 ... (Edinburgh, 1892), 33; Donald Gibson, ed., A Parson in the Vale of White Horse: George Woodward’s Letters from East Hendred, 1753–1761 (Gloucester, Angl., 1982), 37; 26. nov. 1703, Doreen Slatter, ed., The Diary of Thomas Naish (Devizes, Angl., 1965), 51; Pounds, Culture, 364–365; Smith, Acoustic World, 71–82.

31. Alice Morse Earle, Customs and Fashions in Old New England (1893; rpt edn., Detroit, 1968), 128; LEP, 12. jan. 1767; 19. dec. 1799, Woodforde, denník, V, 230; Brian Fagan, The Little Ice Age: How Climate Made History, 1300–1850 (New York, 2000), 113–147; Stanley Coren, Sleep Thieves: An Eye-Opening Exploration into the Science and Mysteries of Sleep (New York, 1996), 164.

32. Legg, Low-Life, 4; John Ashton, comp., Modern Street Ballads (New York, 1968), 51; Stevenson, ed., Proverbs, 280; Lynne Lamberg, Bodyrhythms: Chronobiology and Peak Performance (New York, 1994), 111–112; Remarks 1717, 193–194; 3. aug. 1774, Edward Miles Riley, ed., The Journal of John Harrower: An Indentured Servant in the Colony of Virginia, 1773–1776 (Williamsburg, 1963), 52.

33. Torrington, denníky, III, 317; Evelyn, denník, II, 507; Robert Southey, Journal of a Tour in Scotland (1929; rpt edn. Edinburgh, 1972), 91–92.

34. John Locke, The Works . . . (Londýn, 1963), IX, 23; Coren, Sleep Thieves, 160–161.

35. 4. apr. 1624, Beck, denník, 71; Lawrence Wright, Warm and Snug: The History of the Bed (Londýn, 1962), 199–200; 22. okt. 1660, Pepys, denník, I, 271; Carl Bridenbaugh, ed., Gentleman’s Progress: The Itinerarium of Dr. Alexander Hamilton (Chapel Hill, N.C., 1948), 195; F.P. Pankhurst and J. A. Horne, „The Influence of Bed Partners on Movement during Sleep“, Sleep 17 (1994), 308–315.

36. A. Aspinall, ed., Lady Bessborough and Her Family Circle (Londýn, 1940), 111–112; John S. Farmer, ed., Merry Songs and Ballads Prior to the Year a.d. 1800 (New York, 1964), I, 202–203; Lawrence Wright, Clean and Decent: The Fascinating History of the Bathroom & the Water Closet ... (New York, 1960), 78; Pounds, Culture, 366–367.

37. Pozri napr. Thomas Brewer, The Merry Devill of Edmonton (Londýn, 1631), 44; OED, s.v. „urinal“; 27. mar. 1706, Sewall, denník, I, 543; Jonathan Swift, Directions to Servants ... (Oxford, 1959), 61; Burt, listy, II, 47.

38. James T. Henke, Gutter Life and Language in the Early „Street“ Literature of England: A Glossary of Terms and Topics Chiefly of the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries (West Cornwall, Ct., 1988), 51; 28. sep. 1665, Pepys, denník, VI, 244; John Greenwood, 9. mar. 1771, Assi 45/30/1/70; Paroimiographia (taliansky), 16.

39. Cibber and Vanbrugh, The Provok’d Husband; or a Journey to London (Londýn, 1728), 76.

40. Peter Thornton, The Italian Renaissance Interior 1400–1600 (New York, 1991), 248, 249–251, a Seventeenth-Century Interior Decoration in England, France, and Holland (New Haven, 1978), 324–326, 328.

41. Boileau Works, I, 201.

42. Benjamin Franklin, Writings, ed. J. A. Leo Lemay (New York, 1987), 1121–1122; 16. a 17. feb. 1668, Pepys, denník, IX, 73, 75; Louis B. Wright and Marion Tinling, ed., Quebec to Carolina in 1785–1786: Being the Travel Diary and Observations of Robert Hunter Jr. ... (San Marino, Calif., 1943), 278–279; Raffaella Sarti, Europe at Home: Family and Material Culture, 1500–1800, prekl. Allan Cameron (New Haven, 2002), 122.

43. 9. júl 1774, Philip Vickers Fithian, Journal & Letters of Philip Vickers Fithian, 1773–1774: A Plantation Tutor of the Old Dominion, ed. Hunter Dickinson Farish (Williamsburg, 1943), 178.

44. Nicholas James, Poems on Several Occasions (Truro, Angl., 1742), 13; Herbert’s Devotions, 223; Sarah C. Maza, Servants and Masters in Eighteenth-Century France: The Uses of Loyalty (Princeton, N.J., 1983), 183 n. 61. Autor z robotníckej triedy John Younger sa neskôr vysmieval „rozvláčnym autorom jemnocitných románov“ za „opis sladkej nevedomosti chrápajúcioch roľníkov bez toho, aby skutočne poznali podmienky týchto ľudí.“ (Autobiografia Johna Youngera, obuvníka, St. Boswells ... [Edinburgh, 1881], 133).

45. Pollak, „Effects of Noise“, 43.

46. 13. apr. 1719, William Byrd, The London Diary (1717–1721) and Other Writings, ed. Louis B. Wright a Marion Tinling (Oxford, 1958), 256; 9. okt. 1647, Yorkshire Diaries and Autobiographies in the Seventeenth and Eighteenth Centuries (Durham, Angl., 1875), I, 67; Coren, Sleep Thieves, 72–74, 286. Niet divu, že medzi nižšími vrstvami v ranom novoveku Európy bola mimoriadne príťažlivá „krajina Cockaigne“. Okrem iných pôžitkov v tomto utopickom raji muži a ženy odpočívali na „hodvábnych lôžkach“ a „tým, čo spali najviac, sa najviac dostávalo.“ (Piero Camporesi, The Land of Hunger, prekl. Tania Croft-Murray [Cambridge, Mass., 1996], 160–164).

47. Mechal Sobel, The World They Made Together: Black and White Values in Eighteenth-Century Virginia (Princeton, N.J., 1987), 24; James Scholefield, ed., The Works of James Pilkington, B. D., Lord Bishop of Durham (New York, 1968), 446; E. P. Thompson, „Time, Work-Discipline, and Industrial Capitalism“, PP 38 (1967), 56–97.

48. Camporesi, Bread of Dreams, 68–69; Coren, Sleep Thieves, na rôznych miestach.

DVANÁSTA KAPITOLA

1. Philip Wheelwright, Heraclitus (Princeton, N.J., 1959), 20.

2. Herbert’s Devotions ... (Londýn, 1657), 236; Robert Louis Stevenson, The Cevennes Journal: Notes on a Journey through the French Highlands, ed. Gordon Golding (Edinburgh, 1978), 79–82.

3. Na výraz „prvý spánok“ som našiel 83 odkazov v celkovo 72 rôznych zdrojoch z obdobia rokov 1300-1800. Pre príklady, pozri text. Pre výrazy „prvé zdriemnutie“ a „hlboký spánok“, pozri A. Roger Ekirch, „Sleep We Have Lost: Pre-industrial Slumber in the British Isles“, AHR 106 (2001), 364. Menej odkazov na prerušovaný spánok som našiel v zdrojoch z ranej novovekej Ameriky, z čoho vyplýva, že tento jav – hoci sa v Severnej Amerike objavil – bol menej rozšírený, než v Európe. Dôvodom môžu byť rozdiely v pomere dňa a noci, alebo lepšia dostupnosť umelého osvetlenia v kolóniách. Vo dvoch zdrojoch—Benjamin Franklin, „Letter of the Drum“, PG, 23. apr. 1730, a Hudson Muse to Thomas Muse, 19. apr. 1771,„Original Letters“, WMQ 2 (1894), 240—sa objavuje výraz „prvé zdriemnutie“. Tiež pozri Ekirch, „Sleep We Have Lost“, 364.

4. Našiel som 21 odkazov na tieto pojmy, v celkovo devätnástich zdrojoch zo sedemnásteho a osemnásteho storočia (Ekirch, „Sleep We Have Lost“, 364).

5. Pre výrazy „primo sonno“ a „primo sono“, existuje v databáze ranej talianskej literatúry Opera del Vocabolario Italiano obsiahnutej v asociácii ItalNet (Web: www.lib.uchicago.edu/efts/ARTFL/projects/OVI/), 57 odkazov v celkovo 32 textoch, a to len zo štrnásteho storočia.

6. Pre výrazy „primo somno“, alebo s drobnými variáciami „primus somnus“ či „primi somni“, na ktoré som objavil 19 odkazov v 16 textoch, z nich polovicu z obdobia skoršieho ako trináste storočie, pozri napr. Ekirch, „Sleep We Have Lost“, 364–365. Pre výraz „concubia nocte“, pozri D. P. Simpson, Cassell’s Latin Dictionary (Londýn, 1982), 128.

7. Mid-Night Thoughts, Writ, as Some Think, by a London-Whigg, or a Westminster Tory ... (Londýn, 1682), A 2, 17; William Keatinge Clay, ed., Private Prayers, Put Forth by Authority during the Reign of Queen Elizabeth (Londýn, 1968), 440–441; OED, s.v. „watching“.

8. Geoffrey Chaucer, The Canterbury Tales (Avon, Ct., 1974), 403; William Baldwin, Beware the Cat, ed. William Ringler, Jr., and Michael Flachmann (San Marino, Calif., 1988), 5.

9. George Wither, Ivvenila (Londýn, 1633), 239; Locke, An Essay Concerning Human Understanding (Londýn, 1690), 589. Tiež pozri Francis Peck, Desiderrata Curiosa ... (Londýn, 1732), II, 33. Pre odkazy na „prvý spánok“ zvierat pozri napr. James Shirley, The Constant Maid (Londýn, 1640); Samuel Jackson Pratt, Harvest-Home ... (Londýn, 1805), II, 457.

10. Raimundus Lullus, Liber de Regionibus Sanitatis et Informitatis (n.p., 1995), 107; Harrison, Description, 382. Tiež pozri Crusius, Nocte, ch. 3.11.

11. The Dramatic Works of Sir William D’Avenant (New York, 1964), III, 75; J. Irvine Smith, ed, Selected Justiciary Cases, 1624–1650 (Edinburgh, 1974), III, 642; Taillepied, Ghosts, 97–98; Richard Hurst, prekl., Endimion: An Excellent Fancy First Composed in French by Mounsieur Gombauld (Londýn, 1639), 74; Shirley Strum Kenny, ed., The Works of George Farquhar (Oxford, 1988), I, 100.

12. Governal, In this Tretyse that Is Cleped Governayle of Helthe (New York, 1969); William Bullein, A Newe Boke of Phisicke Called y Goveriment of Health ... (Londýn, 1559), 90; Andrew Boorde, A Compendyous Regyment or a Dyetary of Health ... (Londýn, 1547); André Du Laurens, A Discourse of the Preservation of the Sight ... , ed. Sanford V. Larkey, prekl. Richard Surfleet ([Londýn], 1938), 190.

13. Emmanuel Le Roy Ladurie, Montaillou: The Promised Land of Error, prekl. Barbara Bray (New York, 1978), 277, 227; Nicolas Rémy, La Démonolâtrie, ed. Jean Boës (1595; rpt. edn., Lyons, bez datovania), 125. Tiež pozri Jean Duvernoy, ed., Le Régistre d’Inquisition de Jacques Fournier, Évêque de Pamiers (1318–1325) (Toulouse, 1965), I, 243.

14. Anthony C. Meisel a M. L. del Mastro, prekl., The Rule of St. Benedict (Garden City, N.Y., 1975), 66; Alan of Lille, The Art of Preaching, prekl. Gillian R. Evans (Kalamazoo, Mich., 1981), 136; Richard Baxter, Practical Works . . . (Londýn, 1838), I, 339; Mid-Night Thoughts, 158–159; Abbot Gasquet, English Monastic Life (Londýn, 1905), 111–112; C. H. Lawrence, Medieval Monasticism: Forms of Religious Life in Western Europe in the Middle Ages (Londýn, 1984), 28–30; John M. Staudenmaier, S. J., „What Ever Happened to the Holy Dark in the West? The Enlightenment Ideal & the European Mystical Tradition“, in Leo Marx and Bruce Mazlish, eds., Progress: Fact or Illusion? (Ann Arbor, Mich., 1996), 184.

15. Livy with an English Translation in Fourteen Volumes, prekl. F. G. Moore (Cambridge, Mass., 1966), VI, 372–373; Virgil, The Aeneid, prekl. Robert Fitzgerald (New York, 1992), 43; Pausanias, Description of Greece, prekl. W.H.S. Jones and H. A. Ormerod (Cambridge, 1966), II, 311; Plutarch, The Lives of the Noble Grecians and Romans, prekl. John Dryden (New York, 1979), 630, 1208; Allardyce Nicoll, ed., Chapman’s Homer: The Iliad, The Odyssey and the Lesser Homerica (Princeton, N.J., 1967), II, 73.

16. Paul Bohannon, „Concepts of Time among the Tiv of Nigeria“, Southwestern Journal of Anthropology 9 (1953), 253; Paul and Laura Bohannan, Three Source Notebooks in Tiv Ethnography (New Haven, 1958), 357; Bruno Gutmann, The Tribal Teachings of the Chagga (New Haven, 1932); George B. Silberbauer, Hunter and Habitat in the Central Kalahari Desert (Cambridge, 1981), 111.

17. Thomas A. Wehr, „A ‘Clock for All Seasons’ in the Human Brain“, in R. M. Buijs et al., eds., Hypothalamic Integration of Circadian Rhythms (Amsterdam, 1996), 319–340; Thomas A. Wehr, „The Impact of Changes in Nightlength (Scotoperiod) on Human Sleep“, in F. W. Turek and P. C. Zee, eds., Neurobiology of Sleep and Circadian Rhythms (New York, 1999), 263–285; Natalie Angier, „Modern Life Suppresses Ancient Body Rhythm“, New York Times, 14. mar. 1995; súkromná komunikácia Thomasa Wehra, 23. a 31. dec. 1996.

18. Warren E. Leary, „Feeling Tired and Run Down? It Could be the Lights“, NYT, 8. feb. 1996; Charles A. Czeisler, „The Effect of Light on the Human Circadian Pacemaker“, Derek J. Chadwick a Kate Ackrill, eds., Circadian Clocks and Their Adjustment (Chichester, Angl., 1995), 254–302; William C. Dement, The Promise of Sleep (New York, 1999), 98–101. Zásluhou Wehra je, že sa zamýšľal nad tým, že k bimodálnemu vzorcu spánku mohli prispieť aj iné okolnosti v jeho experimentoch, napr. nuda alebo nútený odpočinok jeho subjektov. „Bude potrebný ďalší výskum,“ napísal, „ktorým by sa zistilo, či a do akej miery bola tma ako taká alebo iné faktory spojené s tmou príčinou rozdielov, ktoré sme zaznamenali v spánku subjektov.“ (Thomas A. Wehr et al., „Conservation of Photoperiod-responsive Mechanisms in Humans“, American Journal of Physiology 265 [1993], R855.) Takéto faktory však zjavne v objemnom počte predindustriálnych zmienok o prvom a druhom spánku neprevládali. Odpočinok v týchto prípadoch nebol nedobrovoľný, ani nebol následkom monotónneho prostredia.

19. 14. dec. 1710, George Aitken, ed., The Tatler (1899; rpt. edn., New York, 1970), IV, 337, 339; 9. apr. 1664, Pepys, denník, V, 118; 19. mar. 1776, Charles Ryskamp a Frederick A. Pottle, eds., Boswell: The Ominous Years, 1774–1776 (New York, 1963), 276.

20. Edward MacCurdy, ed., The Notebooks of Leonardo Da Vinci (New York, 1938), II, 256–257.

21. Boorde, Compendyous Regyment, viii; John Dunton, Teague Land, or A Merry Ramble to the Wild Irish: Letters from Ireland, 1698, ed. Edward MacLysaght (Blackrock, Írsko., 1982), 25.

22. Thomas Jubb, 17. nov. 1740, Assi 45/22/1/102; 12. nov. 1729, 30. nov. 1726, 4. jan. 1728, Robert Sanderson, denník, St. John’s College, Cambridge; Francis James Child, ed., The English and Scottish Popular Ballads (New York, 1965), II, 241; Robert Boyle, Works ... (Londýn, 1772), V, 341; Richard Wiseman, Eight Chirurgical Treatises ... (Londýn, 1705), 505; Lyne Walter, An Essay towards a ... Cure in the Small Pox (Londýn, 1714), 37.

23. Tobias Venner, Via Recta ad Vitam Longam ... (Londýn, 1637), 272; Walter Pope, The Life of the Right Reverend Father in God Seth, Lord Bishop of Salisbury ... (Londýn, 1697), 145; Best, Books, 124; Vosgien, An Historical and Biographical Dictionary ... , prekl. Catharine Collignon, (Cambridge, 1801), IV.

24. Jane Allison, 15. mar. 1741, Assi 45/22/2/64B; Stephen Duck, The Thresher’s Labour (Los Angeles, 1985), 16; A. R. Myers, ed., English Historical Documents, 1327–1485 (Londýn, 1969), 1190.

25. Notes and Queries, 2. ser., 5, č. 115 (13. mar. 1858), 207; Tobias Smollett, Peregrine Pickle (New York, 1967), II, 244.

26. Franklin, Writings, ed. J. A. Leo Lemay (New York, 1987), 835.

27. JRAI, II, 376; Thomas Nicholson, 2. jún 1727, Assi 45/18/4/39–40; Herbert’s Devotions, 237; Anthony Horneck, The Happy Ascetick, or, the Best Exercise([Londýn], 1680), 414; Mary Atkinson, Mar. 9, 1771, Assi 45/30/1/3; Jane Rowth, 11. apr. 1697, Assi 45/17/2/93.

28. Nicolas Remy, Demonolatry, ed. Montague Summers a prekl. E. A. Ashwin (Secaucus, N.J., 1974), 43–46; Francesco Maria Guazzo, Compendium Maleficarum, ed. Montague Summers and prekl. E. A. Ashwin (Secaucus, N.J., 1974), 33–48.

29. Horneck, Happy Ascetick, 415; M. Lopes de Almeida, Diálogos de D. Frei Amador Arrais (Porto, 1974), 19; The Whole Duty of Prayer (Londýn, 1657), 13; Richard a John Day, A Booke of Christian Praiers . . . (Londýn, 1578), 440–441; R. Sherlock, The Practical Christian: or, the Devout Penitent ... (Londýn, 1699), 322–323; Frederick James Furnivall, ed., Phillip Stubbes’s Anatomy of the Abuses in England in Shakespere’s Youth, a.d. 1583 (Londýn, 1877), 221.

30. Cowper, The Works (Londýn, 1836), IX, 45–50; Danielle Régnier-Bohler, „Imagining the Self“, in HPL II, 357; Mid-Night Thoughts.

31. Dorothy Rhodes, Mar. 18, 1650, York Depositions, 28. Tiež pozri Geoffroy de La Tour-Landry, Book of the Knight of La Tour Landry (Londýn, 1906), fo. 3b.; 4. jan. 1728, Sanderson, denník.

32. The Deceyte of Women ... (n.p., 1568); Helen Simpson, ed. a prekl., The Waiting City: Paris, 1782–88. Being an Abridgement of Louis-Sébastian Mercier’s „Le Tableau de Paris“ (Philadelphia, 1933), 76; Aviel Orenstein, ed., Mishnah Berurah: Laws Concerning Miscellaneous Blessings, the Minchah Service, the Ma’ariv Service and Evening Conduct ... (Jeruzalem, 1989), 435.

33. Laurent Joubert, Popular Errors, prekl. Gregory David de Rocher (Tuscaloosa, Ala., 1989), 112–113; Thomas Cogan, The Haven of Health (Londýn, 1588), 252. Tiež pozri Boorde, Compendyous Regyment; Orenstein, ed., Mishnah Berurah, 441.

34. Cardano, The Book of My Life (New York, 1962), 82; Thomas Jefferson, Writings, ed. Merrill D. Peterson (New York, 1984), 1417; Francis Quarles, Enchiridion... (Londýn, 1644), kap. 54.

35. Everie Woman in Her Humor (Londýn, 1609); Wilson, English Proverbs, 566. Tiež pozri 12. júl 1702, Cowper, denník; 24. máj 1595, Richard Rogers a Samuel Ward, Two Elizabethan Puritan Diaries, ed. Marshall Mason Knappen (Gloucester, Mass., 1966), 105.

36. Oliver Lawson Dick, ed., Aubrey’s Brief Lives (Londýn, 1950), 131; Crusius, Nocte, ch. 1.5; GM 18 (1748), 108; G and NDA, Feb. 11, 1769; Rita Shenton, Christopher Pinchbeck and His Family (Ashford, Angl., 1976), 29.

37. Régnier-Bohler, „Imagining the Self“, 390; Edmund Spenser, The Works ... , ed. Edwin Greenlaw (Baltimore, 1947), II, 249; Richard Brome, The Northern Lasse(Londýn, 1632); William Davenant, The Platonick Lovers (Londýn, 1636); Cowper, Works, IX, 45.

38. Roy Harvey Pearce, ed., Nathaniel Hawthorne: Tales and Sketches ... (New York, 1982), 200–201; John Wade, Redemption of Time ... (Londýn, 1692), 187. Iný moralista, znepokojený potenciálnou masturbáciou, varoval, že spiaci „zvykne vstať hneď po prvom spánku“. (S.A.D. Tissot, Onanism: Or a Treatise upon the Disorders Produced by Masturbation ... [Londýn, 1767], 122).

39. Mercier, The Night Cap (Philadelphia, 1788), 4.

40. Tertullian, Apologetical Works, prekl. Rudolph Arbesmann et al. (New York, 1950), 288; Sidney J. H. Herrtage, ed., Early English Versions of the Gesta Romanorum (Londýn, 1879), 207; Chaucer, Canterbury Tales, 403–404; 11. mar. 1676, Jane Lead, A Fountain of Gardens ... (Londýn, 1697), 121; 6. jan. 1677, Heywood, denníky, I, 340; Peter Corbin and Douglas Sedge, eds., Ram Alley (Nottingham, 1981), 56.

41. Hubert, Egypts Favourite. The History of Joseph ... (Londýn, 1631). Tiež pozri napr. William Vaughan, Naturall and Artificial Directions for Health ... (Londýn, 1607), 55.

42. Looker-On, 22. máj 1792, 234; Geoffrey Keynes, ed., The Works of Sir Thomas Browne (Londýn, 1931), V, 185; Nashe, Works, I, 355.

43. Thomas Tryon, A Treatise of Dreams & Visions ... (Londýn, 1689), 9; WR or UJ, 30. dec. 1732; Thomas, Religion and the Decline of Magic, 128–130.

44. Keynes, ed., Browne Works, V, 185; James K. Hosmer, ed., Winthop’s Journal: „History of New England“, 1630–1649 (New York, 1908), I, 121.

45. „Somnifer“, PA, 24. okt. 1767; S.R.F. Price, „The Future of Dreams: From Freud to Artemidorous“, PP 113 (1986), 31–32; Thomas Hill, The Most Pleasaunt Arte of the Interpretation of Dremes ... (Londýn, [1571]); Nocturnal Revels: or, a General History of Dreams ... , 2 diely (1706–1707).

46. Thomas Johnson, prekl., The Workes of that Famous Chirurgion Ambrose Parey (Londýn, 1649), 27; Ripa, Nocturno Tempore, ch. 9.27; Levinus Lemnius, The Touchstone of Complexions ... , prekl. T. Newton (Londýn, 1576), 113–114.

47. Feltham, Resolves (Londýn, 1628), 18, 163; Thomas Tryon, Wisdom’s Dictates: or, Aphorisms & Rules ... (Londýn, 1691), 68.

48. 12. sept., 1644, Josselin, denník, 20; 8. mar. 1626, The Works of the Most Reverend Father in God, William Laud ... (Oxford, 1853), III, 201; 31. júl 1675, Sewall, denník, I, 12.

49. Lemnius, Touchstone, prekl. Newton, 114; Phillipe Martin, „Corps en Repos ou Corps en Danger? Le Sommeil dans les Livres de Piété (Seconde Moitié du XVIIIe Siècle)“, Revue d’Histoire et de Philosophie Religieuses 80 (2000), 255; 15. aug. 1665, 7. feb. 1669, Pepys, denník, VI, 191, IX, 439; Cannon, denník, 344. Penis bežne má erekciu počas sna, bez ohľadu na jeho obsah; v skutočnosti muži v priemere zažijú za noc „štyri až päť erekcií (v spánku), pričom každá trvá päť až desať minút.“ (Kenneth Jon Rose, The Body in Time [New York, 1989], 54, 95).

50. Charles Carlton, „The Dream Life of Archbishop Laud“, History Today 36 (1986), 9–14; Alan Macfarlane, The Family Life of Ralph Josselin, a Seventeenth-Century Clergyman (Cambridge, 1970), 183–187.

51. Cardano, Book of My Life, 156, 161; 24. júl 1751, James MacSparran, A Letter Book and Abstract of Out Services, Written during the Years 1743–1751, ed. Daniel Goodwin (Boston, 1899), 45; James Strachey, ed., The Standard Edition of the Complete Psychological Works of Sigmund Freud (Londýn, 1975), XXI, 203.

52. Torrington, Diaries, I, 165; 2. aug. 1589, 6. aug. 1597, J. O. Halliwell, ed., The Private Diary of Dr. John Dee (Londýn, 1842), 31, 59.

53. 2. jan. 1686, Sewall, denník, I, 91; Henry Fishwick, ed., The Note Book of the Rev. Thomas Jolly, a.d. 1671–1693 (Manchester, 1894), 100; Jean Bousquet, Les Thèmes du Rêve dans la Littérature Romantique (Paríž, 1964).

54. Lady Marchioness of Newcastle, Orations of Divers Sorts ... (Londýn, 1662), 300.

55. 4. apr. 1706, 22. aug. 1716, Sewall, denník, I, 544, II, 829.

56. 4. sep. 1625, Laud Works, III, 173; 17. okt. 1588, Halliwell, ed., Dee Diary, 29; 20. mar. 1701, Robert Wodrow, Analecta: or, Materials for a History of Remarkable Providences ... , ed. Matthew Leishman (Edinburgh, 1842), I, 6; 17. feb. 1802, Woodforde, denník, V, 369.

57. 20. nov. 1798, Drinker, denník, II, 112. Pozri napr. Cardano, Book of My Life, 89; Wodrow, Analecta, II, 315, III, 339; 15. júl 1738, Benjamin Hanbury, An Enlarged Series of Extracts from the Diary, Meditations and Letters of Mr. Joseph Williams (Londýn, 1815), 131.

58. 7. jan. 1648, C.H. Josten, ed., Elias Ashmole (1617–1692) ... (Oxford, 1967), II, 467; 6. jan. 1784, Irma Lustig a Frederick Albert Pottle, eds., Boswell, The Applause of the Jury, 1782–1785 (New York, 1981), 175.

59. 10. feb. 1799, William Warren Sweet, Religion on the American Frontier, 1782–1840: The Methodists ... (Chicago, 1946), IV, 217–218.

60. 30. jún 1654, 15. feb. 1658, Josselin, denník, 325, 419; 16. jún 1689, 18. mar. 1694, 13. feb. 1705, Sewall, denník, I, 219, 328, 518; 28. máj 1789, Woodforde, denník, III, 108; 2. dec. 1720, William Byrd, The London Diary (1717–1721) and Other Writings, ed. Louis B. Wright a Marion Tinling (Oxford, 1958), 481; 12. okt. 1582, Halliwell, ed., Dee Diary, 17; 29. jan. 1708, J. E. Foster, ed., The Diary of Samuel Newton (Cambridge, 1890), 118; 27. aug., 14. okt. 1773, Frederick A. Pottle a Charles H. Bennett, eds., Boswell’s Journal of a Tour to the Hebrides with Samuel Johnson, LL.D., 1773 (New York, 1961), 87–88, 303–304; 3. a 15. feb. 1776, Ryskamp a Pottle, eds., Ominous Years, 230, 235.

61. 30. máj 1695, Foster, ed., Newton Diary, 109; 21. dec. 1626, Laud Works, III, 197; Carlton, „Dream Life of Laud“, 13.

62. Mid-Night Thoughts, 34; Mark R. Cohen, ed. a prekl., The Autobiography of a Seventeenth-Century Venetian Rabbi: Leon Modena’s Life of Judah (Princeton, N.J., 1988), 94, 99; James J. Cartwright, The Wentworth Papers, 1705–1739 (Londýn, 1883), 148; Wolfgang Behringer, Shaman of Oberstorf: Chonrad Stoeckhlin and the Phantoms of the Night, prekl. H. C. Erik Midelfort (Charlottesville, Va., 1998); Boyereau Brinch, The Blind African Slave ... (St. Albans, Vt., 1810), 149–150; Michael Craton, Testing the Chains: Resistance to Slavery in the British West Indies (Ithaca, N.Y., 1982), 250.

63. Another Collection of Philosophical Conferences of the French Virtuosi ... , prekl. G. Havers a J. Davies (Londýn, 1665), 3; Jean de La Fontaine, Selected Fables, ed. Maya Slater a prekl. Christopher Wood (Oxford, 1995), 283; Jacques Le Goff, The Medieval Imagination, prekl. Arthur Goldhammer (Chicago, 1988), 234. Tiež pozri Torriano, Proverbi, 261.

64. David P. French, comp., Minor English Poets, 1660–1780; A Selection from Alexander Chalmers’ The English Poets (New York, 1967), II, 259; „Meditations on a Bed“, US and WJ, 5. feb. 1737; Enid Porter, The Folklore of East Anglia (Totowa, N.J., 1974), 126–127; David Simpson, A Discourse on Dreams and Night Visions; with Numerous Examples Ancient and Modern (Macclesfield, Angl., 1791), 61.

65. Z toho pramení rozruch Roberta Leya: „Jediná osoba, ktorá ešte vedie v Nemecku súkromný život, je tá, ktorá spí.“ (George Steiner, No Passion Spent: Essays 1978–1996 [Londýn, 1996], 211); Augustine FitzGerald, ed., The Essays and Hymns of Synesius of Cyrene ... (Londýn, 1930), 345; Carlo Ginzburg, The Night Battles: Witchcraft & Agrarian Cults in the Sixteenth & Seventeenth Centuries, prekl. John a Anne Tedeschi (Londýn, 1983).

66. RB, VII, 11–12; Thomas, Religion and the Decline of Magic, 148; Mercier, Night Cap, I, 4; Robert L. Van De Castle, Our Dreaming Mind (New York, 1994), 333–334.

67. Pre „poruchu správania v spánku“ pozri komunikáciu Jonathana Woolfsona, 30. okt. 1997, H-Albion; D. M. Moir, ed., The Life of Mansie Wauch: Tailor in Dalkeith (Edinburgh, 1828), 273–274; Dement, Promise of Sleep, 208–211.

68. Erika Bourguignon, „Dreams and Altered States of Consciousness in Anthropological Research“, v Francis L. K. Hsu, ed., Psychological Anthropology(Cambridge, Mass., 1972), 403–434; Vilhelm Aubert a Harrison White, „Sleep: A Sociological Interpretation. I“, Acta Sociologica 4 (1959), 48–49; Beryl Larry Bellman, Village of Curers and Assassins: On the Production of Fala Kpelle Cosmological Categories (Haag, 1975), 165–178; Cora Du Bois, The People of Alor: A Social-Psychological Study of an East Indian Island (New York, 1961), I, 45–46.

69. John Ashton, ed., Chap-Books of the Eighteenth Century (New York, 1966), 85; Franklin, Writings, ed. Lemay, 118–122. Tiež pozri 5. jan. 1679, Josselin, denník, 617.

70. 16. sep. 1745, Parkman, denník, 124; „On Dreams“, Pennsylvania Magazine, or American Monthly Museum, 1776, 119–122; 2. júl 1804, Drinker, denník, III, 1753. Tiež pozri Simpson, Discourse on Dreams, 59; John Robert Shaw, An Autobiography of Thirty Years1777–1807, ed. Oressa M. Teagarden a Jeanne L. Crabtree (Columbus, Ohio, 1992), 131.

71. Patricia Crawford, „Women’s Dreams in Early Modern England“, History Workshop Journal 49 (2000), 140; „Titus Trophonius“, 4. okt. 1712, Donald F. Bond, ed., The Spectator (Oxford, 1965), V, 293–294; Karen Ordahl Kupperman, Indians and English: Facing Off in Early America (Ithaca, N.Y., 2000), 128–129; Cartwright, ed., Wentworth Papers, 538; Thomas, Religion and the Decline of Magic, 130.

72. Lacey, „Hannah Heaton“, 286; 20. aug. 1737, Kay, denník, 12, 39; Mechal Sobel, „The Revolution in Selves: Black and White Inner Aliens“, v Ronald Hoffman et al., eds., Through a Glass Darkly: Reflections on Personal Identity in Early America (Chapel Hill, N.C., 1997), 180–200; David Hackett Fischer, Albion’s Seed: Four British Folkways in America (New York, 1989), 519.

73. William Philips, The Revengeful Queen (Londýn, 1698), 39; jan. 1723, Wodrow, Analecta, ed. Leishman, III, 374; SWA or LJ, 3. sep. 1770; OBP, 4. jún 1783, 590.

74. John Whaley, A Collection of Original Poems and Translations (Londýn, 1745), 257; John Dryden and Nathaniel Lee, Oedipus (Londýn, 1679), 14.

75. Marcel Foucault, Le Rêve: Études et Observations (Paríž, 1906), 169–170; 16. jan. 1780, Joseph W. Reed a Frederick A. Pottle, eds., Boswell: Laird of Auchinleck1778–1782 (New York, 1977), 169; The New Art of Thriving; or, the Way to Get and Keep Money ... (Edinburgh, 1706); Van De Castle, Dreaming Mind, 466.

76. Jean Anthelme Brillat-Savarin, The Physiology of Taste, or, Meditations on Transcendental Gastronomy, prekl. M.F.K. Fisher (New York, 1949), 222; Wehr, „Clock for All Seasons“, 338; Wehr, „Changes in Nightlength“, 269–273; Súkromná komunikácia Wehra, 23. a 31. dec. 1996; Carter A. Daniel, ed., The Plays of John Lyly (Lewisburg, Pa., 1988), 123; Breton, Works, II, 12; Barbara E. Lacey, ed., The World of Hannah Heaton: The Diary of an Eighteenth-Century New England Farm Woman (DeKalb, Ill., 2003), 83; 20. aug. 1737, Kay, denník, 12, 39. Hoci si ho ľudia nepamätajú alebo ho nevnímajú, snenie – samozrejme – prichádza aj „ráno“, alebo v „druhom spánku.“ (Ekirch, „Sleep We Have Lost“, 382).

KEĎ KOHÚT ZAKIKIRÍKA

1. GM 25 (1755), 57.

2. M. De Valois d’Orville, Les Nouvelles Lanternes (Paríž, 1746), 4; 10. máj 1797, Drinker, denník, II, 916; R.L.W., Journal of a Tour from London to Elgin Made About 1790 ... (Edinburgh, 1897), 74; Hans-Joachim Voth, Time and Work in England, 1750–1830 (Oxford, 2000), 67–69.

3. Elkan Nathan Adler, ed., Jewish Travellers: A Treasury of Travelogues from 9 Centuries (New York, 1966), 350; Robert Semple, Observations on a Journey through Spain and Italy to Naples ... (Londýn, 1808), II, 83; Humphrey Jennings, Pandaemonium, 1660–1886: The Coming of the Machine as Seen by Contemporary Observers (New York, 1985), 115; Boston Newsletter, 27. feb. 1772; Duke de la Rochefoucault Liancourt, Travels through the United States of North America ... (Londýn, 1799), II, 380.

4. PA, 15. júl 1762; Thomas, Religion and the Decline of Magic, 650–655; James Sharpe, Instruments of Darkness: Witchcraft in England, 1550–1750 (New York, 1996), 229–230, 257–275, 290–293; Alan Macfarlane, The Culture of Capitalism (Oxford, 1987), 79–82, 100–101.

5. DUR, 4. sep. 1788; SAS, XII, 244; „Your Constant Reader“, a „A Bristol Conjuror“, BC, 17. feb. 1762; „Crito“, LEP, 15. mar. 1762; Jonathan Barry, „Piety and the Patient: Medicine and Religion in Eighteenth Century Bristol“, v Roy Porter, ed., Patients and Practitioners: Lay Perceptions of Medicine in Pre-Industrial Society (Cambridge, 1985), 160–161.

6. Denník Jamesa Robsona 1787, Add. Mss. 38837, fo. 9, BL; Winslow C. Watson, ed., Men and Times of the Revolution; or, Memoirs of Elkanah Watson, Including Journals of Travels (New York, 1856), 96; Bryan Edwards, „Description of a Nocturnal Sky, as Surveyed Nearly Beneath the Line“, Massachusetts Magazine 7 (1795), 370; „Valverdi“, Literary Magazine 7 (1807), 449; Macfarlane, Culture of Capitalism, 80–81, 102–103. Obľúbenosť teleskopov – pozri napr. 12. nov. 1720, The Family Memoirs of the Rev. William Stukeley, M.D. ... (Londýn, 1882), I, 75; 30. sep. 1756, J. B. Paul, ed., Diary of George Ridpath (Edinburgh, 1910), 92; 22. jún 1806, Drinker, denník, III, 1940.

7. M. D’Archenholz, A Picture of England ... (Londýn, 1789), I, 136; Nikolai Mikhailovich Karamzin, Letters of a Russian Traveler, 1789–1790 ... (New York, 1957), 181, 268; Mr. Pratt, Gleanings through Wales, Holland, and Westphalia (Londýn, 1798), 167; Peter Borsay, The English Urban Renaissance: Culture and Society in the Provincial Town, 1660–1770 (Oxford, 1989), 22, 34.

8. Torrington, denníky, II, 195, 196, I, 20; John Henry Manners, Journal of a Tour through North and South Wales (Londýn, 1805), 64; Gary Cross, A Social History of Leisure since 1600 (State College, Pa., 1990), 59.

9. James Essex, Journal of a Tour through Part of Flanders and France in August 1773, ed. W. M. Fawcett (Cambridge, 1888), 2.

10. Pierre Goubert, The Ancien Régime: French Society, 1600–1750, prekl. Steve Cox (Londýn, 1973), 223; William Edward Mead, The Grand Tour in the Eighteenth Century (New York, 1972), 222, 359; Christopher Friedrichs, The Early Modern City, 1450–1750 (Londýn, 1995), 25.

11. Midnight the Signal: In Sixteen Letters to a Lady of Quality (Londýn, 1779), I, 147, na rôznych miestach; Koslofsky, „Court Culture“, 744; Barbara DeWolfe Howe, Discoveries of America: Personal Accounts of British Emigrants to North America during the Revolutionary Era (Cambridge, 1997), 217; Pinkerton, Travels, II, 790.

12. US and WJ, 13. okt. 1733; A Humorous Description of the Manners and Fashions of Dublin (Dublin, 1734), 5; The Memoirs of Charles-Lewis, Baron de Pollnitz ... (Londýn, 1739), I, 411; Robert Anderson, The Works of John Moore, M.D. ... (Edinburgh, 1820), 171; Roy Porter, The Creation of the Modern World: The Untold Story of the British Enlightenment (New York, 2000), 435–436; Peter Clark, British Clubs and Societies, 1580–1800: The Origins of an Associational World (Oxford, 2000).

13. British Journal, 12. sept. 1730.

14. Henry Fielding, An Enquiry into the Causes of the Late Increase of Robbers and Related Writings, ed. Malvin R. Zirker (Middletown, Ct., 1988), 231; LC, 9. sep. 1758, 19. mar. 1785; J. Hanway, Letter to Mr. John Spranger ... (Londýn, 1754), 34; Fréderique Pitou, „Jeunesse et Désordre Social: Les ‘Coureurs de Nuit’ à Laval au XVIIIe Siècle“, Revue d’Histoire Moderne et Contemporaine 47 (2000), 70; G & NDA, 27. nov. 1767; Horace Walpole, Correspondence with Sir Horace Mann, ed. W. S. Lewis et al. (New Haven, 1967), VIII, 47; Bruce Lenman a Geoffrey Parker, „The State, the Community and the Criminal Law in Early Modern Europe“, in V.A.C. Gatrell et al., eds., Crime and the Law: The Social History of Crime in Western Europe since 1500 (Londýn, 1980), 38; J. Paul De Castro, The Gordon Riots (Londýn, 1926); Carl Bridenbaugh, Cities in Revolt: Urban Life in America, 1743–1776 (Oxford, 1971), 300–303.

15. DUR, 30. nov. 1785; Borsay, Urban Renaissance, na rôznych miestach; Peter Clark, The English Alehouse: A Social History (Londýn, 1983), 256–259.

16. 9 George II. c.20; „Mémoire sur Necessité d’Éclairer la Ville, Présenté par Quelques Citoyens au Conseil“, 26. jan. 1775, Archív Ženevy, Ženeva; J. M. Beattie, Policing and Punishment in London, 1660–1750: Urban Crime and the Limits of Terror (Oxford, 2001), 221–223; Wolfgang Schivelbusch, Disenchanted Night: The Industrialization of Light in the Nineteenth Century, prekl. Angela Davies (Berkeley, Calif., 1988), 9–14.

17. Times, 14. máj 1807; „F. W.“, LM, 6. jan. 1815; Jane Austen, Sandition (Boston, 1975), 221; O’Dea, Lighting, 98; Pounds, Home, 388; Brian T. Robson, Urban Growth: An Approach (Londýn, 1973), 178–183; John A. Jakle, City Lights: Illuminating the American Night (Baltimore, 2001), 26–37.

18. LC, 17. jan. 1758; „Case of the Petitioners against the Bill, for Establishing a Nightly-Watch within the City of Bristol“, 1755, BL; PA, 15. júl 1785; Alan Williams, The Police of Paris, 1718–1789 (Baton Rouge, 1979), 71; Ruff, Violence, 88–91.

19. BC, 11. aug. 1762; David Philips and Robert D. Storch, Policing Provincial England, 1829–1856: The Politics of Reform (Londýn, 1999), 63; Beattie, Crime, 67–72; Elaine A. Reynolds, Before the Bobbies: The Night Watch and Police Reform in Metropolitan London, 1720–1830 (Stanford, Calif., 1998); Stanley H. Palmer, Police and Protest in England and Ireland, 1780–1850 (Cambridge, 1988), na rôznych miestach; David Philips, “‘A New Engine of Power and Authority’: The Institutionalization of Law-Enforcement in England 1780–1830“, in Gatrell et al., eds., Crime and the Law, 155–189; James F. Richardson, Urban Police in the United States (Port Washington, N.Y., 1974), 19–28.

20. „Night Hawk“, Mechanics Free Press (Philadelphia), 7. nov. 1829; Louis Bader, „Gas Illumination in New York City, 1823–1863“ (Ph.D. diss., New York Univ., 1970), 334; Mary Lee Mann, ed., A Yankee Jeffersonian: Selections from the Diary and Letters of William Lee of Massachusetts (Cambridge, Mass., 1958), 37; Pounds, Home, 388; Johan Goudsblom, Fire and Civilization (Londýn, 1992), 150, 176–178. O blahodarnom účinku pouličného osvetlenia a o kriminalite vo všeobecnosti, pozri Jane Jacobs, The Death and Life of Great American Cities (New York, 1961), 41–42; Kate Painter, „Designing Out Crime—Lighting, Safety and the Urban Realm“, v Andrew Lovatt et al., eds., The 24-Hour City ... (Manchester, 1994), 133–138.

21. Maurice Rollinat, Oeuvres (Paríž, 1972), II, 282. Allan Silver, „The Demand for Order in Civil Society: A Review of Some Themes in the History of Urban Crime, Police and Riot“, v D. Bordua, ed., The Police: Six Sociological Essays (New York, 1967), 1–24; Anna Clark, Women’s Silence, Men’s Violence: Sexual Assault in England, 1770–1845 (New York, 1987), 118.

22. Ralph Waldo Emerson, Essays & Lectures, ed. Joel Porte (New York, 1983), 1067; Joachim Schlör, Nights in the Big City: Paris, Berlin, London 1840–1930, prekl. Pierre Gottfried Imhof and Dafydd Rees Roberts (Londýn, 1998), 287; Mark J. Bouman, „The ‘Good Lamp Is the Best Police’ Metaphor and Ideologies of the Nineteenth-Century Urban Landscape“, American Studies 32 (1991), 66.

23. The Journeyman Engineer, The Great Unwashed (Londýn, 1869), 199; A. H. Bullen, ed., The Works of Thomas Middleton (1885; rpt. edn., New York, 1964), VIII, 14; A. Roger Ekirch, „Sleep We Have Lost: Pre-industrial Slumber in the British Isles“, AHR 106 (2001), 383–385; Thomas A. Wehr, „A ‘Clock for All Seasons’ in the Human Brain“, in R. M. Buijs et al., eds., Hypothalamic Integration of Circadian Rhythms (Amsterdam, 1996), 319–340; Thomas A. Wehr, „The Impact of Changes in Nightlength (Scotoperiod) on Human Sleep“, in F.W. Turek and P.C. Zee, eds., Neurobiology of Sleep and Circadian Rhythms (New York, 1999), 263–285; P. Lippmann, „Dreams and Psychoanalysis: A Love-Hate Story“, Psychoanlytic Psychology 17 (2000), 627–650. Roger Bastide o snoch napísal: „V našej západnej civilizácii, ... mosty medzi dňom a nocou padli. Je pravda, že stále narazíte na ľudí – a nielen z nižších spoločenských vrstiev –, ktorí sa odvolávajú na snáre, alebo ktorí skúmajú svoje sny a pripisujú im vo svojom živote určitú úlohu. Takéto ponímanie snov je však osobné a nikdy nebude inštitucionalizované. Práve naopak, namiesto toho, aby sa stali regulovanými normami správania, považujú sa za odchýlky; sú klasifikované ako „povery“; niekedy sa dokonca uvádza, že ľudia, ktorí hľadajú v snoch význam alebo nasmerovanie, sú čudáci.“(„The Sociology of the Dream“, in Gustave Von Grunebaum,The Dream and Human Societies [Berkeley, Calif., 1966], 200–201).

24. R. W. Flint, ed., Marinetti: Selected Writings, prekl. R. W. Flint and Arthur A. Coppotelli (New York, 1979), 56.

25. Frederic J. Baumgartner, A History of Papal Elections (New York, 2003), 191; Rev. Dr. Render, A Tour through Germany ... (Londýn, 1801), II, 37. Rok 1816 je nesprávne uvedený, ale článok z Zeitung, „Arguments against Light“, je preložený v diele M. Luckiesha, Artificial Light: Its Influence upon Civilization (New York, 1920), 157–158.

26. Schlör, Nights in the Big City, prekl. Imhof a Roberts, 66; Christian Augustus Gottlief Goede, A Foreigner’s Opinion of England ... , prekl. Thomas Horne (Boston, 1822), 47; Richard L. Bushman, The Refinement of America: Persons, Houses, Cities (New York, 1992), 365; Garnert, Lampan, 126; Schindler, Rebellion, 221; Eugen Weber, France Fin de Siècle (Cambridge, Mass., 1986), 54.

27. Victor Hugo, Les Misérables, prekl. Isabel F. Hapgood (New York, 1887), II, Pt. 1, 313–316; Schivelbusch, Disenchanted Night, 105, 97–114, na rôznych miestach; Wolfgang Schivelbusch, „The Policing of Street Lighting“, Yale French Studies 73 (1987), 73, 61–74, na rôznych miestach; Eugène Defrance, Histoire de l’Éclairage des Rues de Paris (Paríž, 1904), 104–106; Garnert, Lampan, 123–129.

28. Joseph Lawson, Letters to the Young on Progress in Pudsey during the Last Sixty Years (Stanningley, Angl., 1887), 33; [Charles Shaw], When I Was a Child (1903; rpt. edn., Firle, Eng., 1977), 37; Silvia Mantini, „Notte in Città, Notte in Campagna tra Medioevo ed Età Moderna“, v Mario Sbriccoli, ed., La Notte: Ordine, Sicurezza e Disciplinamento in Età Moderna (Florencia, 1991), 42; Pounds, Culture, 420–423; James Obelkevich, Religion and Rural Society: South Lindsey, 1825–1875 (Oxford, 1976), na rôznych miestach; Judith Develin, The Superstitious Mind: French Peasants and the Supernatural in the Nineteenth Century (New Haven, 1987).

29. George Sturt, Change in the Village (1912; rpt. edn., Harmondsworth, Angl., 1984), 121, 8.

30. Dagobert D. Runes, The Diary and Sundry Observations of Thomas Alva Edison (New York, 1948), 232; Ekirch, „Sleep We have Lost“, 383–385; Patricia Edmonds, „In Jampacked Days, Sleep Time is the First to Go“, USA Today, April 10, 1995; Andree Brooks, „For Teen-Agers, Too Much to Do, Too Little Time for Sleep“, New York Times, Oct. 31, 1996; Amanda Onion, „The No-Doze Soldier: Military Seeking Radical Ways of Stumping Need for Sleep“, 18. dec. 2002, Web: www.abcNEWS.com. Pre preskúmanie noci v modernej dobe, pozri Murray Melbin, Night as Frontier: Colonizing the World after Dark (New York, 1987); Kevin Coyne, A Day in the Night of America (New York, 1992); A. Alvarez, Night: Night Life, Night Language, Sleep, and Dreams (New York, 1995); Christopher Dewdney, Acquainted with the Night: Excursions through the World after Dark (New York, 2004).

31. Montague Summers, ed., Dryden: The Dramatic Works (1932; rpt. edn., New York, 1968), VI, 159; Arthur R. Upgren, „Night Blindness“, Amicus Journal 17 (1996), 22–25; David L. Crawford, „Light Pollution—Theft of the Night“, in Derek McNally, ed., The Vanishing Universe: Adverse Environmental Impacts on Astronomy (Cambridge, 1994), 27–33.

32. Warren E. Leary, „Russia’s Space Mirror Bends Light of Sun into the Dark“, NYT, Times, 5. feb. 1993; „Russian Space Mirror Reflector Prototype Fails“, Boston Globe, 5. feb. 1999.